轮机英语简答.doc

轮机英语简答第一章1.How long have you worked on board ? I have worked on board for 2 years.2. Which certificate do you have now? Now I have a motormans certificate.3. What is your marital status? How many departments are there on board?Im married/single. There are three.4. How many people are there in your family? Are you married?There are 3. Yes, Im married/single. 5. How many countries have you ever been to?2 (countries).6. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on ? I began to work in 2009. I have worked on bulk carriers.7. How many important canals are there all over the world? There are two. They are Panama Canal and Suez Canal.8. Can you tell me what is the most important thing what the most important thing isfor a seafarer?Yes. The most important thing is safety.9. What kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?Main engine is _B&W /2-stroke/low speed_ and generator engine _Surlzer/4-stroke/medium speed_10. Which classification society is your ship registered with?CCS 11.Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipments ?No, I havent.12. How do you make your maintenance schedules?According to PMS.(维修保养计划)13. Could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping?Yes. SOLAS, STCW, MARPOL, and so on.14.Could you tell the usages of the STCW convention ?Yes. The usages areIt is used in seafarers training, certification and watchkeeping.15.What is the purpose of Classification Society ? Could you list some of them ?To carry out surveys is to ensure safety. Some are CCS, LR, BV and ABS.16. Could you list different kinds of ships surveryssurveys?Yes. Annual survey, intermediate survey, and special survey.17.What does UMS stand for ? Have you served UMS?Unattended machinery space. No, I havent.18.Have you even experienced PSC inspection ? Where and when was your last inspection ?Yes. The last inspection was in Singapore in 2009.19.What should be paid attention to the overhaul of a cylinder ?Pay attention to the safety and the special tools.20.Before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank , what action will you take ? I will vent the space and check the oxygen content.21. Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space.18 percent.第二章 问答1 Please introduce one type of the main engine Slow speed two-stroke marine diesel engine.2 Please introduce fuel injection process of electronically controlled main engineThe fuel oil is pumped into “common rail” then injected into the cylinder by an electronic control unit.3 Please introduce dual fuel technology of main engine This kind of main engine can burn fuel oil and Cargo Natural Gas.4 Why is the two-stroke engine widely used on board ship?Because a two-stroke engine can produce more power than a four-stroke engine of the same size.5 Why is the air exchanging quality quantityof four-stroke engine more than of two-stroke engine?Because the time for air exchanging of the four-stroke engine is longer.6 Please introduce three moving parts of marine main enginePiston, connecting rod and crankshaft.7 Whats the sequence of the four strokes?Suction, compression, expansion and exhaust8 Please introduce four fixing parts of marine main engine Bedplate, frame, cylinder block and cylinder cover9 What is called a working cycle of diesel engine?The operation between two injections is called a working cycle.10 What is the foundation of diesel engine?To hold the frame, cylinder block and bedplate together .Bedplate11 What are the fouctionfunction and feature of the tie rods?To secure the bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks together. The feature is long and good tensioning strength.12 What is the fouctionfunction of the governor? To regulate the speed of the engine.13 What is the feature of the governor? To ensure the remote and automatic control.14 What is used for connecting the piston rod and connecting rod? The crosshead.15 What is used for sealing between the crankcase and scavenging air box? The stuffing box.16 What are the two types of the cooling system?Fresh water/ closed cooling system and sea water/open cooling system.17 Whats the function of the head tank in the cooling water system?To release air, allow water expansion and make-up.18 Please introduce the open cooling system.The open cooling system is the sea water cooling system. There is some corrosion in it.19Please introduce the close cooling systemThe closed cooling system is the fresh water cooling system. There is little corrosion in it. 20 Please introduce the central cooling system.The central cooling system has two separate fresh water circulation systems: the high temperature system for cooling the main engine; the low temperature system for cooling high temperature fresh water and various coolers.21 Whats the advantage of the central cooling water system?With less equipment in contact with sea-water, the corrosion problems are much reduced in the central cooling system.22 How to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine?By regulating its temperature.23 Please introduce two sub-systems of the fuel oil system/The fuel supply system and the fuel injection system.24 Please speak out the function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator.To control oil viscosity.25 How does the fuel oil viscosity regulator work?To regulate the temperature of fuel oil by controlling the steam.26Please tell at least three composition of fuel oil. Carbon, hydrogen, sulphur.27 Please name at least three of main factors to select a fuel oil.The cetane number, viscosity, water content and so on.28 What is the usual coolant in marine diesel engine?They are fresh water, sea water and lube oil.29 Why seawater is not used directly as a coolant in diesel engine?Because seawater can cause corrosion.建议：Because of its corrosive action.30 What s the advantage of oil-cooling piston?The lube oil can also be used for lubrication and any leakage will not cause corrosive problem.建议：Any leakage into crankcase would not cause corrosive problem31 Whats the disadvantage of water-cooling piston?There is risk of water leaking into the lube oil system.There is a risk of water leaking into the lube oil system.32 Whats the function of the lubricating oil in main engine?Reducing friction, cooling and cleaning.33 How do you clean the lube oil filters?Dismantle the filter ,clean it and then blow it by compressed air.34 When do you clean the fuel oil filters?When the pressure drop is excessive. 35 Why must the cylinder oil have alkalinity?Because the cylinder oil has to neutralize acidic condition.36 Whats the function of the cylinder oil?Lubrication, cooling, cleaning and sealing.37 How do you start the air compressor?Check lube oil and cooling water first, then open the unlaoding unloadingvalve, start the air compressor.38 What do you pay attention to when you stand by engine?Pay attention to the power supply, the preparations of the lube oil, fuel oil, cooling and starting systems./ Checked various pressure and temperatures, warm up the engine, turn the engine with turning gear and so on39Do you know the reasons why the engine does not start on air?Yes. Starting air system hasnt been ready yet.40 What should you periodically do for the air reservoir?Drain water from the air reservoir.41 whats the function of gas exchange in diesel engine?To supply fresh air into and remove exhaust gases from the cylinders more effectively.42 Whats the function of supercharging in diesel engine?To increase the pressure of air charged into the cylinders.43 How do you operate the main engine in cold weather?Warm up the main engine gradually.44 How do you heat the main engine?By circulating the cooling water which is heated to proper temperature.45 How do you change diesel oil into fuel oil?I will heat the fuel first and then open the fuel oil valve ,close the diesel oil valve.46How do you change fuel oil into diesel oil?I will decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil valve and close the fuel oil valve.47 What is the function of the turning gear?To control the ships course.To turn the engine48 How do you measure the clearance of the main bearings?We use lead wires.49 How do you measure the crank deflection of the main engine?We use a crank deflection gauge. 50 Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts black smoke?Yes. Because the air supply is too low.51 Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts blue smoke?Yes. Because lube oil is being burnt.52 Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke?Yes. Because of too much sulphur in the fuel oil.53 Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts white smoke?Yes. Because the fuel oil contains too much water or cooling water leakage.54 What is the function of the steering gear?The turning gear is used to turn the engine.To control the ships course.55 What does CPP stand for?Controllable Pitch Propeller.56 What does VIT stand for? Variable Injection Timing.57 Whats the type of the freshwater generator?Vacuum boiling type (Distilled type/ Flashing type)58 Whats the type of the fuel oil sepatatorseparator?Centrifugal type.59 Whats the function of the fuel oil separator?To separate impurities and water from the fuel oil.60 Whats the type of the oily water separator?Gravity separation type.61 Whats the function of the oily water separator?To separate the oil from the bilge water.62 Whats the function of the incinerator?To burn up oil sludge, waste oil and some solid wastes.63 What is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge?15 ppm.64 What is the hot work?Hot work is work with sparks. It includes gas welding , electric welding and gas cutting.65 Why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler?Because it can reduce scale formation, prevent corrosion and water carry-over by steam.66 What boiler is used on a motor ship at sea?Exhaust gas boiler.67 What boiler is used on a motor ship in port?Donkey boiler.68 How do you decide to overhaul the main engine generally?According to its running hours and working condition.69 What is the function of the soot blower?It is tois used to blow soot (and combustion products away from the tube surfaces).70 How do you grind the valve plate of air compressor?I will use coarse grinding material and then fine grinding material. /Grind it in the path of “8” shape.71 What is used to connect a diease dieselengine and a generator?A coupling .72 What type is the most common marine refrigeration?Compression type.73 Please introduce four components required for a compression refrigeration system.Compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator.74 How do you fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system?Through the dryer.75 Why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently?Because it is low-pressure controller differential set too close, lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced block.76 What equipment is used to handle the anchors?The windlass .77 Please name at least three items of deck machineryThe capstan, deck crane and windlass.78 How do you drain off air of the injection pump. By using the screw.79 How do you clean the disc of an oil sepatatorseparator?I will dismantle the oil separator and clean it by diesel oil./With disc cleaner.(分离盘清洗剂)80 What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder for main engine/anxiliaryauxiliary engine?Various tools, hoisting devices（天车） and so on.81 How do you manage sewage?Drop in medicine regularly定期投药第三章 问答1. What may happen if the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails? Accidents will happen.2 .When do you need to communicate with the bridge? when standby engine and emergency situation.3 .What methods and ways can be used to communication with the bridge? By telephone and telegraph. 4 .Why do you think the records of the communication should be maintained? Because records can be used as evidences in the event of accidents5. Do you think englishEnglish is very important during the communication? Yes, I think so. Yes, Because English is an international language.6 .When should you check the engine telegraph?Check the engine telegraph when stand-by engine before departure.7 .How do you check the engine telegraph?Every position ordered from the bridge.8 .When must you test the steering gear?Before departure from a port.9.What items of the main engine should you check before starting?The systems of the engine, especially the reversing and control gear.10 .How do you test main engine?Blow the main engine by air, run the engine ahead and astern after getting the permission from the bridge.11 .What should you prepare for cooling water system when”“stand by engine”?We will check the water level in the expansion tank, open the valves and start the cooling water pump.12 .What should you prepare for lube oil system when”“stand by engine”?We will check the oil level in the sump tank, open the valves and start the lube oil pump.13 .How are you going to change fuel oil over to diesel oil?I will gradually increase the fuel oil temperature.14 .Why does the engine speed rise up by using fuel oil instead of diesel oil?Because the special gravity of fuel oil is higher than that of diesel oil.15 .What should you do when “finishen finishedwith engine”?We will shut down the air system, open all drains and indicator cocks, and keep the cooling water and lube oil system running for at least 15 minutes.16 .What shall we have to do when the ship is sailing in the cold zone?We should keep the engine room warm.17 .What are duty engineer going to do when “full astern” is ringing up?The duty engineer should quickly operate the main engine astern. 18 .How does the duty engineer correct the clock in engine room?Correct the clock according to the clock on the bridge.第四章 问答参考1 .The engine does start on air, but combustion does not immediately begin. What is the possible cause?Failure in the fuel oil system.2 .The engine may losslose power or slow down when running. What is the possible cause?Overheated main bearing and scavenge fire.3 .Please list some indications of a scavenge fire.(list at least three)Speed of the main engine is slow down and exhaust gas temperature is high.4. If a filter is found leaking, what should you do?Change over to standby filter and renew the leaking filter.5 .Whats a common trouble with a fuel pump plunger?Excessive wear and oil leakage.6 .If a warning of a crankcase explosion is received, what steps should be taken right away? Slow down the main engine at once and report the bridge.7. What actions should you take if the exhaust temperature of the main engine is excessively high?Reduce speed, check the fuel oil system and suction air system.8 What kind of precaution will you take to avoid a scavenge fire?Keep the scavenge box clean and prevent combustion product leaking into the scavenge box.9 What kind of precaution will you take to avoid a crankcase explosion?Prevent the main bearing from being overheated and density of oil mist from being too high.10 In which cases must the main engine be stopped?When receiving the order from the bridge, and when the main engine is in emergency situation.11 What is the emergency source of electrical power on board? The batteries or emergency generator. 12 Where is the emergency generator located?It is a special room out of the engine room.13 Who is in charge of emergency generator?The third engineer. 14 What equipment should be first provided with electricity by emergency generator?The navigation equipment and emergency equipment. 15 In the event of blackout, what should you do at first as a duty engineer?I should report it to the bridge and the chief engineer at once and start the standby generator.16 .In the event of blackout, what should you do as a chief engineer?I should enter the engine room at once and have the emergency generator started.17 What are the three elements of fire?Fuel, heat and air.18 What can not be used for an electric fire?Cut off the power supply, water and foam extinguisher cant be used.19 How often is a fire drill required to be held in a passenger ship? once a week. 20 What shall a person first do if he discovers a fire?Sound the alarm.21 What does a muster list show?It shows the alarm signals, the stations and duty.22 What fixed fire fighting appliances do you know?Fixed fire fighting system using water, CO2 and foam.23 What can be used to put out a fire?CO2, water, foam and portable extinguishers.24 As soon as you hear the fire and emergency signal, what should you ensure?I must act according to the muster list.25 When the fire alarm is sounded continuously, what should the engine room personel personneldo? He should start the fire pump.26Burning light metals should be treated as which class of fire?Class D fire.27 Burning gengratorgenerator should be treated as which class of fire?Class C fire.28 Burning diesel oil should be treated as which class of fire?Class B fire.29 Burning wood should be treated as which class of fire?Class A fire.30 How do you put it out when you come across the fire caused by electrical equipment?I will cut off the power supply and then use dry powder to put it out.31 What will the accumulation of dirt on electrical equipmen