湖北省宜昌市高中英语 Unit 1 Living well Part III Grammar学案（无答案）新人教版选修7.doc

unt 1 living well part iii grammar: revision of infinitive一、【学习目标】1. 能根据例句，分析并总结不定式的完成时的用法。2. 把握不定式完成时基本结构之后，学会灵活运用。二、【自主预习】【研读思考】a. im expecting to hear from you.mary seems to be thinking deeply.im sorry to have kept you waiting. he is said to have been writing a novel. im wondering whether he has finished it.b. she asks to be treated equally.the telephone is considered to have been invented by bell.c. how to solve the problem remains to be discussed.what concerns me most is whom to depend on.im still wondering what time to start off tomorrow.【结构归纳】1. 不定式有四种时态的变化，一般时_,表_的动作；进行时_,表_的动作；完成时_,表_的动作；完成进行时_,表_。2. 不定式的四种时态中，只有_种时态有相应的被动语态，即_时的被动语态_和_时的被动语态_。3. 疑问词+不定式构成的不定式短语，在句中通常作_,_,和_；疑问词包括疑问代词_,疑问副词_以及whether+不定式（不可以用if）三、【合作探究】1.【研读思考】a). i would love to have gone to the cinema last night, but i didnt finish my homework.b). i intended to have helped you, but i was too busy.【结构归纳】不定式的完成时除表示_，还可以用于某些动词后(mean/intend等)，表示本想做而实际上却没有做的动作。【操练巩固】(1) im sorry _(wait) 很抱歉让你等了那么久。(2) you seemed to_ written by mr. smith. (read)你似乎读过史密斯写的书。2.【研读思考】 不定式做状语a) she was surprised to see george walk in.b) im ashamed to have to trouble you.c) to succeed, one must first of all believe in himself.d) she raised her voice so as to make herself heard. e) the husband left his wife, never to return.6) we hurried to the station only to be told that the train had left.【结构归纳】不定式做状语，通常表示_，与某些表情感的形容词连用则表原因。不定式做结果状语时，多表示_，常与only连用，译为_。对比之下，现在分词作结果状语常表示_.【操练巩固】(1) the news reporters hurried to the airport, _. (tell) 记者们匆匆赶到机场，却被告知那个明星已经离开了机场。(2) he died, _ . (leave) 他死了，什么也没留下给他的孩子们。3. 【研读思考】 不定式做定语a) he was the first guest to arrive. b) i am the only man to hear the news.c) you are the right person to do the job.【结构归纳】当中心词是the first, the last, the only, the right等名词时，常用_ 做定语。a) could you lend me a pen to write with? b) maria is a pleasant person to work with. c) jazz is exciting music to listen to.做定语的不定式如果是_，其后要有必要的介词。【操练巩固】(1) betty was the first _ (know)贝蒂是第一个知道真相的人。(2) the room is so crowded that i _ .(sit) 这个房间如此拥挤以至于我没有椅子坐了。4.【研读思考】 不定式做补语a) i didnt notice jenny enter the room. b) his father made him do a lot of housework every day.请将以上两句改为被动句：1. _. 2. _.【结构归纳】在感官动词（see, hear, watch find, observe, notice, feel）和使役动词（have, make, let）后的动词不定式做宾补时, 不定式常省略to,但在其相应的_中则要还原to.b) i saw him enter the room sit down and light a cigarette.【结构归纳】如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词-ing形式。【操练巩固】(1) _the classroom for being late.(allow) 因为迟到，他不准进入教室。(2) the teacher _every day. (make) 老师每天让学生做适量的家庭作业。5. 【研读思考】 不定式做宾语a) youd better listen to your teachers opinion. b)we had best call for the doctor at once.c) i would rather stay at home playing computer games all day.【结构归纳】在had better, had best, would rather, would rather.than, cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but等结构后直接跟_或_。a) the only thing i could do was go home.b) i could do nothing but wait. 如不定式前有_，那么在表语中的不定式或者介词except/but之后的不定式通常_。【结构归纳】we think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.he feels it his duty to help the poor.当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：_ 句式。如：【操练巩固】(1) i _ back. (decide) 我决定把钱要回来。(2) i _my people heart and soul. (serve) 我把全心全意为人民服务当做自己的职责。6.【研读思考】 不定式做定语a i have a large family to provide for.b) weve a lot of difficulties to overcome for the time being.c) there is nothing to worry about. d) he has no friend to depend on. 【结构归纳】(1)不定式用于某些动词_的宾语后做定语且与其修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时。(2) 在“be+性质形容词+不定式”句型中，不定式与句子的主语构成了逻辑上的动宾关系。 the work is easy to do.these signs are hard to see clearly. the article is difficult to understand.francis is easy to get along with.【操练巩固】we didnt expect you _here.(在等我们) (wait)7.【研读思考】 不定式在with复合结构中a) with so much work to do, i shall not be able to go to the cinema with you.b) with him to stay in the house, i feel quite safe.c) without anything to eat, he died of hunger.【结构归纳】“with/without + 名词 + 不定式“结构在句子中通常起_的作用。【操练巩固】_, i set off quite early in the morning. (catch)因为要赶一辆早班车，我很早就出门了。8.【研读思考】 不定式的独立结构he is a nice person, to be sure. 毫无疑问,他是一个好人.【头脑风暴】不定式的独立结构常用短语有_ exercise: please fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given words.(1) the purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _it more difficult. (make)(2) this company was the first _ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world. (produce)(3) helen had to shout to make herself _above the sound of the music . (hear)(4) i dont know whether you happen_ ,but i am going to study in the u.s.a this september. (hear)(5) the news reporters hurried to the airport, only _the film stars had left. (tell)(6) an army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _clear warnings before firing any shots. (issue)(7) id rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_ a room with someone else. (share)(8) the bank is reported in the local newspaper_ in broad daylight yesterday. (rob)(9) the meeting _ place next week is sure to be a great success. (take)(10) i am sorry _ you a letter at the time. ( not write)(11) he could do nothing but _ the bus _. (wait, come) (12) i remember _him _the bike needed _. (hear, say