湖南省岳阳县高考英语一轮复习 完形和阅读训练（五）.doc

湖南岳阳县2017高考英语一轮完形和阅读训练（五）【由上海市崇明县2014模拟改编】directions: for each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a, b, c and d. fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.due to rising pollution and a strengthening yuan, beijing saw its tourist numbers drop to 4.20 million visits from january to november in 2013 from 5.01 million visits in 2012.the number of overseas travelers to beijing grew after the city hosted the 2008 olympics until 2012, when it saw a 3.8% _1_, followed by the further drop last year. the unexpected drop in 2013 came _2_ new policies introduced in a(n) _3_ to support chinas tourism industry. but only 14,000 tourists _4_ the visa-free stopover, according to the beijing general station of exit and entry frontier inspection, well short of the 20,000 target officials had _5_ predicted.jiang yiyi, deputy director of the institute of international tourism at the china tourism academy, _6_ part of the drop-off in foreign tourists to the strengthening yuan.in 2013, the yuan increased almost 3% against the u.s. dollar, making “beijing a more expensive _7_ than in the past”, jiang yiyi noted. “at the same time,” she said, “other countries have seen their tourist numbers grow as the currencies(货币) _8_. while rmb is on the rise, currencies from some of chinas _9_ for tourism, such as japan, are depreciating(贬值), meaning travel to some other asian countries has been getting cheaper while travel to china is becoming more expensive, ” jiang yiyi said. in 2013, the japanese yen fell 21% against the u.s. dollar, _10_ 10 million overseas tourists.the beijing tourism development commission noted that the countrys battle with pollution is another _11_ cities face in attracting overseas tourists.heavy air pollution from beijing to shanghai, where pollution levels went off the charts in december, _12_ dont do much to help attract tourists. chinas tourism officials are expecting to _13_ the trend of declining overseas visitors in 2014possible, experts say, if it _14_ its outdated tour packages and lowers ticket prices.jiang yiyi at the china tourism academy suggests china adopt a long-term national plan to _15_ the countrys image and investment in overseas tourism to attract more visitors.1. a. growthb. declinec. changed. influence2. a. in addition to b. by means ofc. as a result ofd. in spite of3. a. attemptb. agreementc. hurryd. mood4. a. got familiar withb. came up withc. took advantage ofd. put emphasis on5. a. fortunatelyb. frequentlyc. previouslyd. occasionally6. a. devotedb. owedc. attachedd. exposed7. a. destinationb. tourismc. authorityd. association8. a. reformb. collapsec. stabilized. weaken9. a. competitorsb. supportersc. investorsd. reminders10. a. inspiringb. attractingc. disappointingd. embarrassing11. a. opportunityb. situationc. obstacled. alternative12. a. relevantlyb. approximatelyc. dramaticallyd. certainly13. a. setb. reversec. confirmd. follow14. a. revisesb. sellsc. excludesd. demonstrates15. a. createb. keepc. damaged. improve【参考答案】1. b 2. d 3. a 4. c 5. c 6. b 7. a 8. d 9. a 10. b11. c 12. d13. b 14. a 15. d阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 stress caused by social situations, such as giving a speech or going to a job interview, can affect some peoples immune system in ways that harm their health, researchers have found. the study included 124 volunteers who were purposely put into embarrassed social situations. those who showed greater neural (神经) sensitivity to social rejection also had greater increases in inflammatory (炎症) activity when exposed to social stress. “it turns out there are important differences in how people explain and respond to social situations,” lead author george slavich, at the cousins center for psychoneuroimmunology at the university of california, los angeles, said in a ucla news release. “for example,” he explained, “we sometimes see giving a speech in front of an audience as a welcomed challenge; other times, its threatening and sad. in this study, we sought to examine the neural bases for these differences in response and to understand how these differences relate to biological processes that can affect human health and well-being.”the findings provide “further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connected. we have known for a long time that social stress can get under the skin to increase risk for disease, but its been unclear exactly how these effects occur. as we know, this study is the first to identify the neurocognitive (神经认知) pathways that might be involved in inflammatory responses to sharp social stress,” slavich said. increases in inflammatory activity are part of the immune systems natural response to potentially harmful situations, but “frequent or chronic (慢性的) activation of the system may increase the risk for a variety of illnesses,” slavich added. the study was released online aug. 2 in advance of publication in an upcoming print issue of the proceedings of the national academy of sciences.1. where do you first find the study? a. a magazine.b. a website. c. a literature. d. an advertisement. 2. judging from volunteers, might be more likely to have inflammation. a. those who were more sensitive to social rejectionb. those who were purposely put into societyc. those who gave a speech before audienced. those who suffered frequent or chronic illness3. the author quotes examples of the fourth paragraph mainly to. a. show further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connectedb. prove important differences in how people explain and respond to social situationsc. explain volunteers are sensitive to social rejection when exposed to social stressd. make clear that how stress caused by social situations breaks down immune system4. we can infer thatif there is inflammatory response in peoples immune system. a. chronic illness will be caused by the repeated stress b. doctors can identify the neurocognitive pathwaysc. people may avoid being affected by sharp social stressd. risk of getting various diseases will be reduced【参考答案】14、baba阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。an idea that started in seattles public library has spread throughout america and beyondthe concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same timein addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit（追求） to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schoolsthe idea came from seattle librarian nancy pearl who launched（发起） the if all of seattle read the same book project in 1998her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other american cities, and even to hong kongin chicago, the mayor（市长） appeared on television to announce the choice of to kill a mockingbird as the first book in the one book, one chicago programas a result, reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the cityacross the us, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character the only problem came up in new york, where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse populationthis may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity can be achievedor it may show that new yorkers rather missed the point, putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itselfultimately, as nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word66what is the purpose of the project launched by nancy?ato invite authors to guide readersbto involve people in community servicecto encourage people to read and sharedto promote the friendship between cities67why was it difficult for new yorkers to carry out the project?athey came from many different backgroundsbthey were too busy to read a bookcthey had little interest in readingdthey lacked support from the local government68according to the passage, where would the project be more easily carried out?ain large communities with little sense of unitybin large cities where libraries are far from homecin medium-sized cities with a diverse populationdin large towns where agreement can be quickly reached69the underlined words “shared a word” in paragraph 5 probably mean aexchanged ideas with each other bdiscussed the meaning of a wordcgained life experience dused the same language70according to nancy, the degree of students of the project is judged by athe careful selection of a proper bookbthe number of people who benefit from reading cthe growing popularity of the writersdthe number of books that each person reads【参考答案】66-70 cadab【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。 an idea that started in seattles public library has spread throughout america and beyond. the concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time. in addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. the idea came from seattle librarian nancy pearl who launched (发起）the if all of seattle read the same book project in 1998. her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other american cities, and even to hong kong. in chicago, the mayor appeared on television to announce the choice of to kill a mockingbird as the first book in the one book, one chicago program. as a result, reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city. across the us, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character. the only problem arose in new york ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. this may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved .or it may show that new yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself. ultinatelas nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.12. what is the purpose of the project launched by nancy? a. to invite authors to guide readers. b. to encourage people to read and share. c. to involve people in community service. d. to promote the friendship between cities.13. why was it difficult for new yorkers to carry out the project? a .they had little interest in reading. b. they were too busy to read a book. c. they came from many different backgrounds d. they lacked support from the local government14. according to the passage, where would the project be more easily carried out? a. in large communities with little sense of unity b. in large cities where libraries are far from home c. in medium-sized cities with a diverse population d. in large towns where agreement can be quickly reached15. according to nancy, the degree of students of the project is judged by a. the careful selection of a proper book b. the growing popularity of the writers c. the number of people who benefit from reading. d. the number of books that each person reads.【参考答案】1215、bcdc 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。today, the world is rapidly urbanizingwith half of the world population expected to live in cities by the early part of the 21st century, the shanghai 2010 world expos focus on a better city bears profound meaningwhat might future cities look like 28 years from now? here are some scenarios: things to come, things to gozero wastewaste disposal is one of the biggest headaches for citiesapart from recyclable waste, everything is buried or incinerated, only to pollute the environmentplastic waste remains underground for several decadesthe world produces much more garbage that it can dispose ofnow at the expo, all waste is delivered to a compression station where the waste is sorted, filtered, decontaminated, deodorized and compressed before finally being disposed of at designated spotsin beijing, people living in the asuwei area turn their household waste into organic fertilizers which are used to grow plants at residence communitiesno more transportation problems during spring festivalthe spring festival, the most important chinese holiday when everyone returns home, has caused headaches for millions of chinesemore than 2 billion people travel at the same time, making obtaining travel tickets and the journey difficultbut in 28 yearsspring festival travel may not be a problem at allchina plans to have more than 120,000 kilometers of railway and a rapid transportation network that will serve 90 percent of the population by 2020and because most of china will be cities, people will not have to go to other places to find a job, so migration will no longer be so large-scalenewspapers to disappearamerican scholar philip meyer predicts that newspaper will come to an end in 2043utagawa reizou, former editor-in-chief of the mainichi daily newsbelieves that the newspaper will be gone in 2030this kind of prediction may worry those in print news businessin the uk, the circulations of national newspapers are decliningmajor japanese newspapers have gone into debtin the us, declining circulations and ad revenues have forced several newspapers to stop printing paper editionsmedia tycoon rupert murdoch thinks the future of media relies on interaction through the internetin the future, digital newspapers will be sent to portal web terminals through wirelesslyreaders can discuss issues wit