湖南省洞口县高考英语一轮复习 完形和阅理训练（一）.doc

湖南洞口县2017高考英语完形和阅理一轮训练（一）（2016高考模拟选编）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。 i had my first chocolate bar at five years old. ill never forget the delicious taste. but the situation was anything but _1_it was world war .many people in our village fled in panic.only _2_ were allowed to board the train. just before departure，a woman traveling alone pulled me onto the train to get the _3_the entire trip i cried for my mother.we arrived in hamburg. now that the woman had escaped，she had no more _4_ for me. i lived on the streets，surviving by _5_ food. id slip into the mess hall，hide under a table and _6_ off with loaves of fresh bread.one afternoon as i _7_ near a tent in search of food，a huge hand lifted me up _8_ the collar. it was an american soldier.“ got you ！” he shouted.i was _9_，and i could see it upset him.“its _10_，kid，” he said.he reached into his jacket and handed me a _11_i unwrapped it and took a bite.i thought id gone to _12_four years later，i was taken by the soldier to an orphanage(孤儿院) in america.soon after，a family who lived in pennsylvania _13_ me.later，i joined the army，and then attended _14_eventually i earned a masters degree in clinical social work.i want to _15_ back all the people who were so good to me，i prayed.so in 1983 i went to work as a clinical adviser，treating retired _16_ who suffer from postwar stress syndrome.the troubled soldiers wondered how i can possibly _17_ them or help ease their pain.that is _18_ i tell them my story，and about the soldier sent to save my life.i never did learn his name，but i remember his _19_and then i opened a drawer in my desk that is always full and _20_ them some chocolate.【语篇解读】一个人的一生不会是一帆风顺的。不管你经历了惊涛骇浪，还是小小的考验，只要活下来就是幸运的，离幸福也只有一步之遥。带着一颗感恩的心，去生活、去与人交往，坚持自己心中的梦想与承诺，就定能为他人带去一点快乐、给自己的心灵一丝安慰。1a.bitter bsweetcstrange dfamiliar答案b由下文“it was world war”可知，巧克力棒的味道是甜美的，但是形势却不乐观。2a.women bchildrenctroops dfamilies答案d由下文一位妇女为了上车把作者拉上可知，当时只有一个家庭才可以上火车。下文的“traveling alone”也是暗示。3a.chance bmoneycprize dreward答案a结合上下文，可知这位妇女拉上作者是为了获得坐上火车逃跑的机会。4a.like broom cuse dtime答案c现在，那个女人已经逃离了，她就开始讨厌作者了。have no use for“讨厌”。5a.selling bbegging cmaking dstealing答案d由下文“id slip into the mess hall，hide under a table and.”可知作者是靠偷食物谋生的。6a.leave bmake ctake dturn答案b作者溜进脏乱的食堂，藏在一张桌子底下，然后带着长条面包离开。make off“逃离”；动词leave表示离开时，无需再用off。7a.wandered bsleptchid dplayed答案c结合上下文可知作者是靠偷食物谋生，因此他的动作应是“藏”在帐篷附近。8a.by bon cin dthrough答案a表示揪某人衣领时，常用“动词某人by the collar”。这时有一只大手抓住作者的衣领把作者拎了起来。9a.excited bamused calarmed dscared答案d作者害怕极了。偷东西被抓心里肯定担心害怕(scared)。10a.fine bokaycserious dcommon答案b根据“he reached into his jacket.took a bite”可知，这位士兵非常友好，不仅没有责怪作者，反而给他东西吃。因此此处用“okay”。11a.ice cream bcandycchocolate bar dcookie答案c结合全文尤其是第一段以及最后一段，可知这位士兵给作者吃的是一根巧克力棒。12a.heaven bhellcprison dhospital答案a作者不仅没有受到惩罚，反而有东西吃，所以感觉非常好，就像进入了天堂。13a.adapted brejectedcemployed dadopted答案d由语境可知，作者被送到孤儿院后，一个家庭收养了他。14a.church bcollege cpatients dclubs答案b由下文“eventually i earned a masters degree in clinical social work”可知作者上了大学。15a.take b. call cpay dbring答案c作者祈祷说，他要报答所有帮助过自己的人。pay back“报答，回报”。16a.teachers bworkerscofficials dsoldiers答案d由下文“the troubled soldiers wondered how.”可知，作者专门治疗那些退伍军人。17a.cure bunderstandcrepay ddiscover答案b患病的士兵们怀疑作者怎么会理解他们，怎么能帮助他们减轻痛苦。18a.when bwhere chow dwhat答案a每当这个时候，作者都会告诉他们他的故事，讲述那位营救他的美国士兵。19a.honesty bcourageckindness dappearance答案c本篇讲述了美国士兵帮助作者的故事，他给作者东西吃，还把作者送到孤儿院，因此作者一直记得他的善良。20a.sold bshowedccooked doffered答案d然后，作者会打开办公桌上一个装满美味巧克力的抽屉，拿出巧克力来请他们品尝。offer sb sth“给某人提供某物”。阅读理解。photographs are everywhere. they decorate (装饰) the walls of homes and are used in stores for sales of different goods. the news is filled with pictures of fires, floods, and special events. photos record the beauties of nature. they can also bring things close that are far away. through photos, people can see wild animals, cities in foreign lands, and even the stars in outer space. photos also tell stories.reporting the news through photos is called photojournalism. at times photojournalists tell their stories through a single picture. at other times, they use a group of pictures to tell a story. each picture is like a chapter in a book, which can do more than record the facts. it can also be a strong force for social change.jacob riis was among the first photojournalists. he took pictures of parts of new york city where the poor lived. riis believed that poverty(贫穷)caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. a few years later, the photos of small children working in factories by lewis hine shocked the public. hines pictures helped bring about laws to protect such children.hundreds of pictures may have to be taken in order to get one or two really good photos. it takes science to have the photo come out clearly and art to make a photo that has a good design and expresses feeling. photojournalists make an actual record of what they see. a photo, however, can be both a work of art and an actual record. it can record an important event as a beautiful or exciting picture.as historical and artistic documents(文献) ,photos can become more important over time. today photojournalists still have their pictures appear in newspapers and magazines. they also publish(发表) them in books and on the internet.1. the underlined word “they” in the first paragraph refers to .a. beauties b. photos c. goods d. events2. the photos of the small children by hine show us that photos .a. are also works of art b. are popular ways of reporting newsc. often shock the public d. can serve as a force for social change3. what can we learn from the passage?a. news with pictures is encouraging. b. photos help people improve their life.c. news photos mean history in a sense. d. people prefer reading news with pictures.4. the text is mainly about .a. telling the story through pictures b. decorating the walls of homesc. publishing historical papers d. expressing feeling through pictures【参考答案】14、b d c adirections: read the following three passages. each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.【2014高考英语一模试题】it is generally believed that we are getting cleaned when we step under a shower. we are, but were also giving a home to lots of tiny little creatures we didnt even know about. a showerhead carries thousands of bacteria called mycobacteriumthese can cause problems like coughs and tiredness, and a general feeling of poorliness (身体不舒服). when you turn on the water, the bacteria go from the showerhead onto and into your body. this is a finding of norman r. pace and his team at the university of colorado, in the us. the scientists investigated bacteria in all kinds of human environment, including showerspaces team looked at 45 showerheads in nine american cities. they discovered that 30 percent of them had large amounts of flying mycobacterium. but pace said that they pose few threats to the healthonly those with a weak immune system might need to worryhe told the new york times that the bacteria are not as unpleasant as might be thoughthe said that having a shower is no more dangerous than anything else we do in the morningbut for those who feel sick about the idea of all those microorganisms (微生物), he had some advice. let the water run for 30 seconds before getting into the shower. why? the number of bacteria is smaller than that when the water is just turned on. if that seems like a waste of water, he added that you could also change your showerhead every few months. however, pace had good news too. he has also been testing the air in us subways. apart from iron particles (粒子), which are ground off the track by the wheels of trains, subway air is fresh. the reason is that a trains movement pumps fresh outdoor air into the tunnels. pace explained that he wanted to understand the natural microbial environments of public places. this kind of knowledge might help discover the microbes to be used in a bioterrorist (生物恐怖分子) attack.【小题1】 from the finding of norman r. pace, after taking a shower, we might cough or feel tired because . a. its easy to get a cold when taking a bathb. the showerhead carries many bacteria causing illness c. we dont get cleaned while showeringd. we dont get a weak immune system【小题2】according to the passage, which of the following is true? a. hot water could kill most of bacteria in showerheads. b. of 45 showerheads surveyed in nine cities, 30 carried large amounts of mycobacterium. c. changing showerheads is the only way to avoid microorganisms. d. shower water contains much less bacteria after being left to run for 30 seconds. 【小题3】we can learn from the third paragraph that . a. having a shower in the morning is more dangerous than at other timeb. the bacteria always threat peoples health c. there is no reason to fear microorganisms for people with strong immune systemd. it is better to do some exercise in the morning than have a shower【小题4】the underlined word “pose” in the third paragraph probably means “_” a. cause b. avoid c. describe d. promise【小题5】what contributes to fresh air in us subways? a.the trains movement. b. iron particles c. train wheels. d. air conditioners on the trains【答案】【小题1】b【小题2】d【小题3】c【小题4】a【小题5】a【解析】试题分析：文章介绍norman r. pace和他的团队发现的结果，大多数淋浴头含有致病的细菌，但是这不会阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考英语一模试题】the younger daughter of former new york mayor richard white has moved her wedding from new years eve to this thursday so her mother, who has been fighting against cancer for 11 years, can take part in the ceremony, a family spokesman said on wednesday, oct, 12, 2013. elizabeth lally white, who turns 28 on thursday, will marry sam peterson in spiaggia, a restaurant on north michigan avenue. the reception also will be held at the restaurant, which had been previously scheduled to host the couples engagement party on thursday.lally whites mother, maggie, 68, was reported to have caught breast cancer in 2002. she had an operation in her leg in april and she was hospitalized twice in the weeks following the procedure for treatment of flu-like symptoms that doctors said were not related to the cancer. maggie, who has used a walker or a wheelchair during most public appearances in recent years, is well beyond the average survival time for someone with breast cancer.“as the mayor himself has said, she had a pretty difficult summer.” said jacquelyn heard, who served mayor whites press secretary for years and followed him to the same international law firm that he joined after leaving office in may. “she was not able to get around the way that she normally would do. this year, she has had quite a few setbacks and theyve been pretty well documented. lally white decided to reschedule the wedding so that her mom can participate in the festivities (庆祝活动).” heard said. lally white is a doctoral candidate at de-paul university and pl