2013-2014上海市英语高三第一学期期末考试一模分类汇编(二模复习)：十一选十.doc

精益教育2013-2014上海市高三第二学期第二次模拟考试复习专题II Section B 【2013学年第一学期普陀区高三英语质量调研试卷】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. cultivationB. farmedC. constantD. machineryE. plungedF. lightningG. envyH. preciousI. uncomfortableJ. aircraftsK. consequenceModern inventions have speeded up peoples loves amazingly. Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, _41_ cross the world inside a day, while computers operate at _42_ speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts of saving _43_ seconds in handling tasks.All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the _44_ feeling known as jet-lag; our bodies feel that they have been left behind on another time zone. Again, spending too long at computers results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientists; too much use may send harmful radiation into our brains, a _45_ we do not like to think about.However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so accustomed to _46_ activities that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world.There was a time when some peoples lives were devoted simply to the _47_ of the land or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might _48_ a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestor faced: they _49_ with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern _50_ has freed people from that primitive (原古的) existence.【2013学年第一学期宝山区高三英语质量调研试卷】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. breaks B. viewing C. texting D. permanent E. positioned F. connected G. physical H. symptoms I. complaining J. effectively K. simply The next time youre riding a subway or bus, pay attention to your fellow passengers. Chances are youll see plenty of them with their heads down, tapping the screens of their tablets or 41 on their smartphones. While these folks may be making good use of their time by staying 42 , their bodies are paying a heavy price for such convenience.As hand-held devices such as smartphones and tablets are becoming more common, users are reporting some new 43 problems. Florida chiropractor (脊椎按摩师) Dean Fishman began noticing an increased number of his patients 44 of neck and shoulder pain. He traced these 45 to the overuse of hand-held devices, specifically the action of bending the neck, and created the term “Text Neck.” As if the painful symptoms werent bad enough, Fishman warns that an untreated case of Text Neck could lead to 46 spinal (脊柱的) damage. He founded the Text Neck Institute in an effort to treat and educate those suffering from Text Neck. Treatments offered there include chiropractic care, physical therapy, massage therapy and exercise planning.In order to avoid or reduce the possibility of getting Text Neck, use the following basic principles:l Avoid awkward positioning. Dont strain (滥用) your neck, and stay aware of how your body is 47 in relation to the device.l Take frequent 48 when using any kind of mobile device. l When using a tablet, use a case that can back up the device at comfortable 49 angle.For those who 50 cant take their eyes off their devices, there is an ironic twist downloading a special app（应用程序）could help. Dr. Fishman has released an app called the Text Neck Indicator App, which measures the angle of your smartpphone. When the angle is appropriate, a green light appears in the upper corner of your screen. But when the angle puts you at risk for neck strain, the light turns red, obliging you to adjust your angle.【2013学年第一学期杨浦区高三英语质量调研试卷】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. basic B. applicants C. extraordinary D. distinguish E. private F. contribute G. expose H. shifted I. challenges J. specialty K. favored Many of us grow up dreaming of becoming an astronaut. Ever wonder what it takes to be one?Take NASA for example.In order to catch NASAs eye, would-be astronauts must not only stand out in required skills and pass physical and psychological exams, but also find unique ways to _41_ themselves from the harsh competition.NASAs requirements for becoming an astronaut have changed over the years. Originally, it _42_ candidates with a military flight background, with at least 1,000 hours spent in command of a jet aircraft. In 1978, however, NASA _43_ its focus to a more varied group of astronauts: scientists and engineers with at least three years of experience in their respective fields.During the years of shuttle missions, everyone had a _44_: some would focus on robotics, others on spacewalks or maintenance. To work on the space station, astronauts must be able to perform all tasks, which encourage _45_ to acquire different experiences. Jeanette Epps, an astronaut, studied aerospace engineering, worked at Ford Motor Company and took a job with the CIA before joining NASA. She says astronauts varied backgrounds _46_ to their ability to adapt and learn anything quickly.After ensuring that candidates are U.S. citizens and that they satisfy _47_ education and experience requirements, the selection committee enters a gray area. “Were not really looking for one thing, just a good mix of things,” said Duane Ross, the manager for astronaut candidate selection and training.To the committee, candidates who take on _48_ outside of the workplace demonstrate curiosity and energy. Many astronauts who dont have a military background do hold a(n) _49_ piloting license. Some are enthusiastic mountain climbers, scuba divers or skiers. Others are musicians, dancers, or play competitive sports. Choosing to _50_ themselves to different, extreme environments counts as another way to stand out from the crowd. 【2013学年第一学期闵行区高三英语质量调研试卷】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. revealedB. countsC. responsibleD. releaseE. virtuallyF. extentG. annuallyH. extinctI. extendsJ. monitorK. realizedIn the time that records have been kept of bird populations, 20 percent of all species have gone 41 . More are likely to follow. In March the 42 of a large-scale, 24-year survey gave one of the clearest pictures yet of the decline of Australian and Asian shorebirds, including the long-distance migrants (候鸟) that are most difficult to 43 . The results of the survey are awful.Every October for more than two decades, teams from the University of New South Wales in Australia counted birds from an airplane flown low over 130,000 square miles of wetlands in the eastern third of the continent. Their 44 showed a steady decline, beginning in the mid-1980s. By 2006 the number of migratory shorebirds had dropped by 73 percent and the number of Australias resident of shorebirds had fallen by 81 percent. “The 45 of the decline took us by surprise,” says evolutionary ecologist Silke Nebel of the University of Western Ontario in London, the lead author of the report.The survey 46 that inland wetlands were more important to both resident and migratory birds than had been 47 , and that wetland loss from damming (筑坝) and the diversion (分散) of river water for irrigation was at least in part 48 for the shorebird decline in Australia. But wetlands are becoming smaller in countries all along the major flyway that 49 from eastern Siberia to New Zealand, the studys authors note, so protecting the 8 million birds that use the corridor 50 will require an international solution.【2013学年第一学期长宁区高三英语质量调研试卷】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accurateB. alteration C. average D. calculates E. conceal F. enormouslyG. initialH. intervalsI. merelyJ. multiplyK. predictionBeyond two or three days, the worlds best weather forecasts are based on guesswork, and beyond six or seven they are worthless. The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather and to a global forecaster, small can mean thunderstorms and snowstorms any _41_ fails rapidly. Errors and uncertainties _42_, gathering upward through a chain of unstable features, from dust devils (尘旋风) and windstorms up to continent-size eddies (旋风) _43_ satellites can see.The modern weather models work with a network of points of the order of sixty miles apart, and even so, some _44_ data has to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors spaced one foot apart, rising at one-foot _45_ all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly _46_ readings of temperature, pressure, dampness, and any other quantity a meteorologist (气象工作者) would want. Exactly at noon a(n) _47_ powerful computer takes all the data and _48_ what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03 The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will have sun or rain on a day one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will _49_ alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the _50_. By 12.01, those alterations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have multiplied to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe.【2013学年第一学期黄浦区高三英语质量调研试卷】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. calmingB. regularC. doableD. electronicsE. fuelF. hookG. incrediblyH. maintainI. mindlesslyJ. treatK. weaponsHere are four simple, healthy and, dare we say, fun ways to help you slim down and stay healthy.Have your cake for breakfastAside from being depressing, the way to _41_ weight loss isnt by feeling deprived. Scientists say that people who started off the day with a _42_ felt fuller and more satisfied, and that led to their sticking with the program as the day went on. Being hungry is no way to start your day, so _43_ up with protein and a mouthful of something sweet. And most of all, enjoy!Sleep your way to weight lossDr. Andrew Calvin, one expert of Mayo Clinic study, is quoted as saying, “If individuals are seeking to maintain a healthy weight or to lose weight, they should seek to get enough sleep on a _44_ basis.”If you find it tricky to wind down at night, turn off the _45_ and engage in relaxing activities, like taking a bath or listening to _46_ music.Journal to drop poundsThe best _47_ for a dieter? Pen and paper! Women who wrote down everything they ate lost more weight than those who didnt track their food intake. Journaling makes you accountable and more aware of what youre eating, so it makes sense that itll keep you from _48_ chewing if you arent actually hungry.Even a tiny bit of exercise helps your healthEven 20 to 30 minutes of physical activity most days of the weeks (broken up into smaller chunks is fine) reduces your risk for all sorts of physical ills. And even 20 minutes a week can improve your mood. That really stuck with me. Its easy to criticize ourselves or burn out if we make goals that are _49_ hard to achieve, but walking a few times a week is _50_ and meaningful, too. 【2013学年第一学期徐汇区高三英语质量调研试卷】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. investmentsB. enoughC. unconditionalD. degreeE. loyaltyF. backG. relevantH. doublyI. commitmentJ. promoted K. demonstrateAlthough many companies offer tuition repayment, most companies only repay employees for classes that are 41_ to their position. This is a very limiting policy. A company that repays employees for all college credit courseswhether job related or notoffers a service not only to the employees, but to the entire company.One good reason for giving employees 42 _ tuition repayment is that it shows the companys commitment to its employees. In todays economy, where job security is a thing of the past and employees feel more and more expendable, it is important for a company to 43 _ to its employees that it cares. The best way to do this is with concrete 44 _ in them. In turn, this commitment to the betterment of company employees will create greater employee 45_. A company that puts out funds to pay for the education of its employees will get its money 46_ by having employees stay with the company longer. It will reduce employee turnover, because even employees who dont take advantage of the tuition repayment program will be more loyal to their company just knowing that their company cares 47_ to pay for their education. Most importantly, the company that has an unrestricted tuition repayment program will have higher quality employees. Although these companies do indeed run the risk of losing money on employees who go on to another job in a different company as soon as they get their 48_, more often than not, the employee will stay with the company.And even if employees do leave after graduation, it generally takes several years to complete any degree program. Thus, even if the employee leaves upon graduating, throughout those years, the employer will have a more sophisticated, more intelligent, and therefore more valuable and productive employee. And, if the employee stays, that education will 49_ benefit the company: Not only is the employee more educated, but now that employee can be 50_ so the company doesnt have to fill a high-level vacancy from the outside. Open positions can be filled by people who already know the company well. Though unconditional tuition repayment requires a significant investment on the employers part, it is perhaps one of the wisest investments a company can make.【2013学年第一学期嘉定区高三英语质量调研试卷】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the boxEach word can only be used onceNote that there is one word more than you needA. value B. shape C. designed D. understanding E. importantly F. economists G. response H. vast I. connected J. major K. amazinglyThirteen years after the launch of Taobao, China has risen to become the worlds second busiest online marketplace, behind only the United States. This is the kind of statistic that 41 love, but it doesnt really tell us anything about why so many people like to buy so many things online.Is it because its easy? Is it because of the 42 selection? Is it because we want to feel 43 to others without leaving the house?Taobao was in fact a 44 to ebays entrance into the Chinese market in 2003. Jack Ma (马云) knew that he knew China better than the Americans did, and that Taobao could beat ebay at its own game here. He was right, and Jack Ma has helped to 45 the nature of online commerce in Chinawhat it looks like, how it works, and, most 46 , who its users are.Taobaos aesthetic (美学) is distinctive, and has influenced and inspired competitors in China and around the world. The way it works is also different from other 47 online retailers (零售店) . But the real genius of Taobao lies in its 48 of its users. What it looks like and how it works, after all, were 49 with the users in mind: a young, increasingly “connected” and increasingly wealthy Chinese generation.When they designed Taobao, Jack Ma and his team realized that many young people in China strongly 50 social interaction with their peers, so they made such interactioneverything from messaging to live chats to recommendations and reviewsa core part of the Taobao shopping experience. 【2013学年第一学期虹口区高三英语质量调研试卷】Directions Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accountedB. aaverageC. continuousD. rankE. linkF. comparisonG. additionalH. associatedI. riskJ. confirmedK. postponeTelevision watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct from getting too little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even _41_ alongside those from smoking and obesity(肥胖). Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) _42_ of six hours a day shorten their life expectancy(预期寿命) by almost five years.They based their calculations on data on the _43 _between television viewing and death from the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which inv