英语美文背诵.doc

四级段落翻译热点精选1.北京胡同 北京有无数的胡同。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下来。【参考译文】 In Beijing,there are numerous hutongs. The life of common people in hutongs brings endless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture. Usually， there is a courtyard complex in-side hutong， with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families af about 20 people Therefore，life in hutongs is full of friendliness and genuine humanity. Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings. I hope hutongs can be preserved【词汇积累】魅力charm 大杂院courtyard complex四级段落翻译热点精选12.汉语概况 汉语是中国汉民族使用的语言。汉语历史达久，在3000多年前就有了相当成熟的文字。汉语有超过13亿的使用者，是使用人数最多的语言之一，除了中国，新加坡、马来西亚等国也有相当一部分人使用汉语，分布在世界各地的几千万华侨、华裔，也以汉语的各种方言为自己的母语。汉语是中国人使用的主要语言，也是联合国的工作语言。【参考译文】Used by the Han People in China, the Chinese language has a long history, having established a fairly mature written language more than 3, 000 years ago. The Chinese language has more than 1. 3 billion users and can be regarded as the one spoken by the greatest number of persons.In addition to China, some people in Singapore and Malaysia also use Chinese, and millions of overseas Chinese and foreign citizens of Chinese origin distributed around the world use various Chinese dialects as native language The Chinese language is the main language used by Chinese,also one of the working languages of the United Nations【词汇积累】华侨 overseas Chinese 母语 native language 四级段落翻译热点精选2 3.中国园林 中国园林是把人造的山水、植物、建筑等与自然地貌有机结合的环境艺术，是我国古代建筑艺术的珍宝。其建造原则是。“妙极自然，宛自天开”游赏中国古典园林，能充分领略“假自然之景，创山水真趣”的园林意境。在世界3大园林体系中，中国园林历史悠久、内涵丰富，被誉为世界造园史上的渊源之一。 The Chinese classical garden is a precious treasure of our ancient Chinese architecture .It is a kind of environment art, which systematically combines artificial mountains and rivers, plants and buildings with the natural landscape The construction standard of a Chinese classical garden is Artificial as it is, the garden must look ingenious and natural. Wnen you go sightseeing in a Chinese classical garden, you should be able to appreciate its artistic con-cept which “makes use of the natural landscape to create the real fun of mountains and rivers for viewers, Of the worlds three major garden systems, the Chinese classical garden is hailed as one of the origins of the worlds garden due to its long history and abundant connotations.【词汇积累】环境艺术environment art 内涵connotation 四级段落翻译热点精选3 4.中文热词 中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪和大妈都是老词，但已获砍了新的意义。土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不久前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。土豪和大妈已被收入新版的牛津英语词典，至今约有120个中文词语加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。The Chinese hot words usually reflect the social and cultural changes；some of them are Increasingly popular with the foreign media. For instance,although the Tuhao and Dama are old words, they have acquired new meaning. Tuhao (localtyrants) referred to the vi llage landlords who oppnessed the peasants and servants in the old days, but now it is used to reter to the rich who spends money like water or likes to showoff. Dama (aunt) is a calling to middle-aged women, but now it especially refers to the Chinese women who buy large amount of gold when gold tumbled recently. These two words are included in the new Oxford Einglsh Dictimury. Until now, about 120 Chinese words have been added in the Oxford English Dictionary, becoming a part of the English language 四级段落翻译热点精选4 5.中国消费趋势 一项研究显示，到2020年中国将会有2.名亿家庭收入在2万到100万美元的富裕消费者。这些消费者中75%住在。“较小城市”随着网络的发展，较小城市的消费者的一种必然趋势是他们更加依赖社交网络服务上的信息。很多网络顾客都是通过微信、微博和QQ空间分组的。据估计今年中国将会有2.5亿消费者进行网购，位于四线城市的消费者平均每人会花费他们50%或者更高的工资在网购上。【参考译文】A recent study says there will be 220 million affluentconsumers, who are from households earning between $ 20, 000 to $ 1 million in China by 2020, and 75 percent of them will live in “smaller cities. With the development of the Internet, an inevitable trend among these consumers is they are much more dependent on information from social networking services. Many of the websites customers are grouped by Wechat, Weibo and QQ Zones. It is now estimated that 250 million Chinese consumers will shop online this year and the average shopper in a fourthtier city in China will spend 50 percent or more of their income on e-commerce. 四级段落翻译热点精选5 6.聘金文化 聘金是中国传统习俗的一部分，但近几年来其标准不断上升，致使大多数家庭都很难达到。高额的聘礼常営“抢劫”了新郎父母毕生的积蓄，至引起家庭纠纷。此外，许多新婚夫妇被迫举行奢侈的婚礼宴会，在这个过程中，大量债务的累积可能使他们的新婚升活变得辛酸，至少在最初阶段是这样。想想老一辈节俭的婚礼，虽然简简单 单，但也幸福美满，没有W也们婚后的生活带来任何负担，Endowment may be part of Chinese tradition, but thestandards have become so high in recent years that a majority of families are finding it difficult to meet them the high endowment amounts often rob groomsparents oftheir lifes savings and causes family disputes. Besides，many newly married couples are forced to host extravagantwedding ceremonies and, in the process, run up hugedebts that could turn their married life sour!，at least in the initial phase. Considering the frugal wedding of many parents, they are simple but happy, and didnt have anybearing on their married life.聘金endowment 大多数家庭a majority of families累积run up 最初阶段initial phase 四级段落翻译热点精选67.成语浅谈 中国成语是汉语中意义完整的表示一般慨念的固定词组或短语。“成语”中的“成”即是约定俗成，成语是比词大而语法功能又相当于词的语言单位，绝大多数的中国成语由四个汉字组成，例如自强不息、青出于蓝、厚积落发。成语主要从民间谚语、古代文学作品、诗歌、寓言、典故、名言警句等方面提炼而成，是汉语语言中精炼而又富有生命力的一部分。Chinese idioms refer to comprehensive and integrated fixed phrases and expressions .Idioms are established and accepted by constant usage and common practice An idiom is a language unit that is larger than a word, but has the same grammatical function as a word. Most Chinese idioms consist of four characters. For example, ziqiangbuxi(make unremitting efforts to improve oneself), qing-chuyulan (bluer than indigo), and houjibofa (success comes with time and effort). Idioms are extracted from folk proverbs, ancient works of literature, poems, fables,allusions, and well-known sayings. Idioms are a part of the Chinese language that are concise and have great vitality.约定俗成 accepted by constant usage and common practice精炼而又富有生命力be concise and have great vitality 四级段落翻译热点精选7 8.歌谣与古代神话 歌谣跟口头流传的神话，远在文字出现之前就巳大量产生，中国的文学正是发端于此。不过歌谣本是人们生活中随兴而发的(improvised)东西，上古时代也没有保存和记戴它们的手段，因此也就很快湮灭，不留痕迹。如今，我们只能从古籍中推断它们的存在。古书中记载了一些据称年代非常久远的歌谣，但是大多出于后人的伪托(de一rivatives)，能够断定年代的歌谣要到诗经里才能看见，从这点来看，古代神话对中国文学的影响更为重要。【参考译文】Long before the emergence of the written words, ballads and myths, passed around by word of mouth, were widely popular. Chinese literature finds its origins in these traditions. However, ballads were what people improvised out of daily life, and due to lack of means to record and preserve them in ancient times, they quickly disappeared without leaving much of a trace Today, we can only deduce their existence from ancient books，which recorded some time-honored ballads, though most of these are believed to be derivatives of later generations. Ballads in the Book of Songs are the earliest writings that can be dated. From this point of view, ancient mythology obviously has had a greater influence on Chinese literature 四级段落翻译热点精选8 9、假日经济 假日经济的现象表明:中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此，产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。【参考译文】The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese peoples consumption concept is undertaking great changes. According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development At the same time, the consumption concept of Chinese people is getting mature in the vigorous development of holiday economy.Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development. On the other hand, the quality of service should be improved to satisfypeoples demand for an improved quality of life【词汇积累】发生巨大变化undertake great changes消费观念consumption concept产品结构the structure of products 四级段落翻译热点精选9 10.杭州掠影 杭州位于中国东南沿海，是中国的“丝绸之府”(the Home of Silk)。意大利著名旅行家马可波罗赞叹杭州为“世界上最美丽的华贵之城”西湖位于杭州西部，以秀丽的湖光山色和众多的名胜古迹闻名中外。它是为数不多的免费5A景区。春夏秋冬都有其独特的魅力。饭后漫步西湖，看二看音乐喷泉，听一听街头弹奏，是件惬意的事情。 【参考译文】Hangzhou，located at southeast coast of China, is“ the Home of silkin China. The famous Italian traveler Marco polo praised Hangzhou as the most beautiful and luxurious city in the world . West Lake in the west of Hangzhou, is famous all over the world for beautiful lakes and mountains besides numerous famous attractionx It is one of the few free 5A-rank scenic spots. West Lake has its own unique charm in all seasons. Its a pleasant recreation to walk along the lake after dinner，take a look at music fountain, or listen to music performance on streets【词汇积累】华贵 beautiful and luxurious5A 景区 5A-rank scenic spot街头弹奏music performance on streets 四级段落翻译热点精选10 11.空巢现象 随着人口老龄化增长趋势的日益显现，空巢老人中存在的问题也逐渐突出，关爱空巢老人越来越成为人们关注的话题。空巢老人是指那些孩子不在身边、独自居住的老年人，他们缺少家人关爱，生活寂寞。因为孩子们长时间不回家，家庭如同空巢一般。这些老人们很容易产生不良情绪。作为子女，即使远在异地，也应经常通过电话与父母进行感情和思想的交流。【参考译文】With the increasingly apparent trend of aging population, empty-nest elderly become increasing concerns for people Caring about lonely elders becomes topics of in-creasing concern Elders of empty nest refer to those lonely elders who live by themselves without their childrennearby. They lack in family love and live in loneliness. Since their children are not with them for long, their homes look empty nests. These elders are apt to have negative emotioms .For the children of elders, though living far away, its essential for them to keep regular communicationwith their parents on their feelings and thoughts【词汇积累】人口老龄化 aging population 容易做 be apt to do 四级段落翻译热点精选11 12.中国教育 在中国，学校教育需要花费12年的时间来完成，分为小学、初中和高中3个阶段。小学教育持续5年或6年。在初中阶段，大多数学生上3年制初中，极少数上4年制。几乎98%的学生在前一种学校入学。在小学和初中的9年教育属于义务教育，普通高中教育持续3年时间，在整个义务教育阶段，学生要求在每学期末参加期末考试。【参考译文】In China, primary and secondary education takes 12years to complete, divided into primary, junior secondary and senior secondary stages Primary education lasts eitherfive or six year & At junior secondary stage, most havethree-year schooling with any part of four-year. Almost 98percent of students are enrolled in the former schools. Thenine - year schooling in primary and junior secondaryschools belongs to compulsory education General seniorsecondary education lasts for three years.Throughout thewhole process of compulsory education, students are required to take final examinations at the end of each semester.【词汇积累】义务教育compulsory education普通高中教育general senior secondary education 四级段落翻译热点精选12 13.剪纸剪纸是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百当年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期特别流行，人们常用剪纸美化居家环境，特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛，剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地极受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物，【参考译文)Paper cutting is one of Chinas most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1, 500 year .It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties People often beautify their homes with paper cutting& During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmospher .The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the. world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends【词汇积累)剪纸paper cutting 民间艺术folk art增加喜庆的气氛enhance the joyous atmosphere 四级段落翻译热点精选13 14.中医中医是世界医学的遗产，中医有比西方医学更好的治病方法。因为中医的效果和医治方式，在世界上中医现在越来越流行了，中医起源于古代，已经发展了很长一段时间，它收集了治疗不同疾病的各种方法，传统中医讲究人们身体系统的平衡。这就是说，一旦人的身体系统平衡，疾病就会消失。身体系统的损害是疾病的根源。【参考译文】Chinese medicine is a heritage of world medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine has a power to heal people better than the western ones. Chinese medicine now is more and more popular in the world due to its effect and its way to heal people Originated from the ancient time, the Chinese medicine has developed in a long time and it has collected various ways to treat different illness. The traditional Chinese medicine pays attention to the balance of body system of people It is said that once the system of people is in balance, the illness will disappear. The damage of the body system is the source of disease【词汇积累】中医 Chinese medicine 起源于originate form讲究 pay attention to 四级段落翻译热点精选14 15.筷子文化说到筷子的起源，中国是世界上第一个使用筷子的国家，用筷子吃饭巳经有至少3000年的历史了。筷子看起来很简单，只有两根小细棒，但它有很多功能，比如挑选、移动、夹、搅拌或者挖。此外，它便于使用，价格便宜。而且筷子也是世界上独有的餐具。使用筷子的人，无论是中国人还是外国人，都无不钦佩筷子的发明者。【参考译文】As the origin of chopsticks, China is the first country in the world to use chopsticks and has a history of at least 3, 000 years to have meals with chopsticks. Chopsticks seem quite simple with only two small and thin sticks, but they are in possession of many functions, such as picking, moving, nipping, mixing and diggingi moreover, they are convenient for use and cheap in price Besides, chopsticks are also unique tableware in the world Anyone usirg chopsticks, no matter Chinese or foreigners, would without exception admire the inventor of chopsticks 【词汇积累)有很多功能in possession of many functions餐具tableware无不 without exception 四级段落翻译热点精选15 16.京剧京剧(Beijing Opera)是中国的国粹。作为一门古老的艺术，京剧的服装(costume)、脸谱(facial mask)更易被人喜爱。不同的服装类型反映不同的人物身份特征。富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣，穷困者的服装则简单朴素，脸谱是京剧中塑造人物形象的重要手段，它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。脸谱的颜色让人一看便知角色的善恶，比如白色代表奸诈(treachery)，黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，金、银色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism) 等.【参考译文】Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture As a traditional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with people. Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of diHerent characters.There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles, while those of the poor tend to be simple.Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters. Facial masks using different colors are important ways to portray a character. People can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks. In general, white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, while gold and silver represent divinity and Burlrlhism. 四级段落翻译热点精选16 17.庭院文化庭院是胡同中的一种独特的传统民居。庭院民居也被称作四合院”由于它特别的布局，四合院被比拟成一个中心带花园的盒子。四合院只有一个门通向外面的胡同，所以当这扇门被关闭的时候，这所庭院就和外面的世界失去了联系。因此，家庭成员们能完全沉浸在宁静中并享受安宁的家庭团圆之乐。这种住宅形式符合中国古代的家庭传统及其发展方式。【参考译文)The courtyard is a unique and traditional civilian residence in the hutongs. It is also calledsiheyuan. Due to its special layout, it is compared to a box with a garden in the center. There is only one gate leading to a hutong, so when the gate is closed the courtyard loses touch with the outside world. Therefore family members can fully enjoy tranquility and share the happiness of a peaceful familyunion. The construction mode for residential houses is in accord with Chinas ancient family tradition and its development.【词汇积累)民居 civilian residence 失去联系lose touch with符合 be in accord with 布局layout宁静 tranquility 四级段落翻译热点精选17 18.天坛 天坛坐落在北京南城正门内东侧，是世界级的艺术珍品之一。天坛建于明朝，是明清两朝皇帝用以“祭天”的建筑。天坛现在已经成为对外开放的公园，深受游客和市民的喜爱。天坛是一个优美而令人愉悦的地方，在这儿可以放松和消遣时间。公园一整天都充满生机清晨游客可以看到行家练太极；傍晚时人们则在天坛公园里放风筝、弹琴或是玩游戏。【参考译文】The Temple of Heaven, located on the east side of the front gate in the south city of Beijing, is a world-level artistic treasure. Built in Ming Dynasty, it was the place where emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties worshipped. It has been converted into a park that is popular both with tourists and residents alike The Temple of Heaven is a delightful and exquisite place to spend your time .In the morning, tourists can watch Tai Chi expert. The park is lively all day and mto the evening with kite flyers, musicians, singers, dancers, and game players【词汇积累)天坛 the Temple of Heaven世界级的艺术珍品a world- level treasure祭天worship 四级段落翻译热点精选18 19.儒家思想儒家思想由孔子在春秋时期创立，并迅速成为中国文化的核心内容之一.儒家重视道德和人与人之间的关系，着力于关注人类社会的秩序和和谐安定；对于虚无缥缈的神灵世界，尽量采取回避的态度，或按照自己的观念加以改造而得到强化。儒家思想对中国文化产生了巨大的影响，其价值观念渗透在中国人民的生活、思想和习俗中，Confucius established the Confucian school of thought during the Spring and Autumn Period. Confucianism quickly became one of the pillars of Chinese culture Confucian philosophy attaches great importance to ethics and interpersonalrelationships and is concerned about the hannony and stability of the order of human society. It adopts the attitude of trying as much as possible to evade the illusory divineworld or intensifying the concept through the transformation of divine world according to ones own ideology. Confucianism has had a great influence on Chinese culturewith lts values permeating the life, thinking and customs of the Chinese people.【词汇积累】重视 attach great imponance to关注 be concerned about虚无缥缈的神灵世界the illusory divine world 四级段落翻译热点精选19 20.喝酒礼仪中国是个礼仪之邦，凡事注重规矩。就拿喝酒来说，也有很多有意思的事儿。比如在宴席上，如果想表示对长辈或者上级的尊重，晚辈就会主动举杯敬酒，在喝掉酒之前，两个人会碰一下酒 杯表示亲近，碰杯的时候，晚辈举杯不能比长辈高，这表示尊重。主动敬酒的人会把一杯酒全部喝完，以此来表示自己的诚意。中国人喝酒一般比较热闹，大家说说笑笑，气氛融洽。【参考译文】China is a country of ceremonies attching the importance to rules to everything.Taking drinking for example, there are so many interesting things.