Lesson 9 A More Perfect Union.ppt

AMorePerfectUnion 1 VickyLiu曲师大外国语学院2012级4班 Lesson9AMorePerfectUnion 1 BackgroundKnowledge BarackHusseinObamaIITheJeremiahWrightControversyConstitutionalConventionRepublicanPartyvs DemocraticPartyTrinityUnitedChurchofChrist BarackHusseinObamaII The44thandcurrentPresidentoftheUnitedStatesThefirstAfricanAmericantoholdtheoffice BarackObamawasborninHonolulu Hawaii UnitedStatesin1961 Hisfather BarackHusseinObamaSenior 1936 1982 Hismother StanleyAnnDunham 1942 1995 Hisstepfather LoloSoetoroHisgrandmother MadelynHisgrandfather StanleyDunhamHishalf sister MayaSoetoro HemovedtoLosAngelesin1979toattendOccidentalCollege Aftertwoyears hetransferredin1981toColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity wherehemajoredinpoliticalsciencewithaspecializationininternationalrelationsandgraduatedwithaB A in1983 ObamaenteredHarvardLawSchoolinlate1988 Hiswife MichelleRobinson BorninJanuary17th 1964GrewupontheSouthsideofChicagoStudiedinHarvardLawSchoolThefirstandtallestAfricanAmericanFirstLady ImportantLanguagePoints Para 1 6 Patriot onewholovesanddefendshisorhercountryExample Asapatriot weshoulddefendourmotherlandinaclearmind Tyranny dominancethroughthreatofpunishmentandviolenceExample Thetyrannyinthiscountrymakespeopleescapeaway Stain makedirtyorspottyExample Hisnewcoatwasstainedbytheoil Stalemate asituationinwhichnoprogresscanbemadeornoadvancementispossibleExample Noonecanbreakthestalemateinthechillweather Embed fixorsetsecurelyordeeplyExample Iwanttoembedapicturenexttothearticle ImportantLanguagePoints Para 1 6 Parchment asuperiorpaperresemblingsheepskinBondage thestateofbeingunderthecontrolofaforceorinfluenceorabstractpowerExample Everyonewanttoescapefromthebondageandgetthedemocracy Creed formulate setExample Weshouldnotcreedherfuture ImportantLanguagePoints Para 7 18 Unyielding adj ifapersonisunyielding theyarenoteasilyinfluencedandtheyareunlikelytochangetheirmind Example HeisanunyieldingmanDecency noun Honest politebehaviorthatfollowsacceptedmoralstandardsandshowsrespectforothers Example SheisamanofdecencyHue noun acolor aparticularshadeofacolor Example Wearetryingtoadmitpersonsofdifferentethnicandracialhue Sear verb toburnthesurfaceofsthinawaythatissuddenandpowerful Example Theheatofthesunsearedherface Coalition noun agovernmentformedbytwoormorepoliticalpartiesworkingtogether Example Becauseofthehighrisksofmilitaryaction weshouldactaspartofacoalition ImportantLanguagePoints Para 7 18 Commentator onsth apersonwhoisanexpertonaparticularsubjectandtalksorwritesaboutitontelevisionorradio orinanewspaperExample Hewasfamousasaobserverandcommentator Deem verb notusuallyusedintheprogressivetenses tohaveaparticularopinionaboutsthExample Thepartywasdeemedagreatsuccess Scour verb scoursth forsb sth tosearchaplaceorthingthoroughlyinordertofindsb sthExample Rescuecrewshadscouredanareaof40squaremiles Polarization theconditionofhavingorgivingpolarityExample Butdespitepolarization theearthwillhaveamixedsocietywhenthepoleshifthits divisiveturn Divisive causingpeopletobespiltintogroupsthatdisagreewithoropposeeachother Example Anypolicyexperimentsarelikelytobedivisive ImportantLanguagePoints Para 7 18 Spectrum abandofcolouredlightsinorderoftheirwavelengths asseeninarainbowandintowhichlightmaybeseparatedExample Asweallknow humantissuesdonotlightupinthisspectrum Affirmative apolicydesignedtoredresspastdiscriminationagainstwomenandminoritygroupsthroughmeasurestoimprovetheireconomicandeducationalopportunities positivediscrimination Example Somecriticssayitistheaffirmationaction Pastor aministerinchargeofaChristianchurchorgroup especiallyinsomenonconformistchurchesExample AsapastorIfacethisallthetime Incendiary causingstrongfeelingsorviolenceExample Suchincendiaryremarkscouldeasilybedismissedasajoke Denigrate tocriticizesb sthunfairly tosaysb sthdoesnothaveanyvalueorisnotimportant Example Thereisnothingworse formostchildren thanfortheirparentstodenigrateeachother ImportantLanguagePoints Para 7 18 Unequivocal expressingyouropinionorintentionveryclearlyandfirmlyExample Nuclearenergyexpansionhaswongovernment sunequivocalsupport Nagging continuingforalongtimeanddifficulttocureorremove Example Ican tbearyournaggingdoubts Rabbi aJewishreligiousleaderorateacherofJewishlawExample Shesaidshewantstobearabbiwhenshegrewup Endemic regularlyfoundinaparticularplaceoramongaparticulargroupofpeopleanddifficulttogetridofExample ThisindicatesthattheH5N1virusisendemicinthearea ImportantLanguagePoints Para 7 18 Stalwart loyalandabletobereliedoneveninadifficultsituation Example Republicansareviewedasmorestalwartdefendersoffreetrade Emanate toproduceorshowsthEmanatefromsth tocomefromsthorsomewhereExample Resultsthatemanatefromatrustednetworkoffriendsandassociatescertainlyfitthatbill Perverse showingdeliberatedeterminationtobehaveinawaythatmostpeoplethinkiswrong unacceptableorunreasonableExample Theperverseaspectofthisparadoxcomeswhenwelookatitthroughtimeandmoney Radical infavorofthoroughandcompletepoliticalorsocialchangeExample Ihaveamoreradicalsuggestion ImportantLanguagePoints Para 7 18 Chronic especiallyofadisease lastingforalongtime difficulttocureorgetridofExample Forthosewithchronicdepression shesaid keepatit Professed usedtodescribeabelieforapositionthatsbhaspubliclymadeknownExample Howyoureconcilethemwithyourprofessedloveoffreedom Snippet asmallpieceofinformationornewsExample Haveyougetanyinterestingsnippetsforme Sermon atalkonamoralorreligioussubject usuallygivenbyareligiousleaderduringaserviceExample IlikegivingtheSundaysermon Caricature afunnydrawingorpictureofsbthatexaggeratessomeoftheirfeaturesExample Theindulgent otherworldlyjudgeisanarchetypeofconservativecaricature Peddle tospreadanideaorstoryinordertogetpeopletoacceptitExample heusuallypeddlesspitefulgossip ImportantLanguagePoints Para 19 26 Minister attendtothewantsandneedsofothersExample IhavetoministertomymotherallthetimeRaftern Raftersaretheslopingpiecesofwoodthatsupportaroof Example Fromtheraftersofthethatchedroofshungstringsofdriedonionsandgarlic Triumphsn Atriumphisagreatsuccessorachievement oftenonethathasbeengainedwithalotofskilloreffort ExampleFinallywegainedthetriumphs that sreallyexcitingChroniclingvt Tochronicleaseriesofeventsmeanstowriteaboutthemorshowtheminbroadcastsintheorderinwhichtheyhappened ExampleThatbiographyhaschronicledthewholehistoryofthetown Reclaimvt Ifyoureclaimsomethingthatyouhavelostorthathasbeentakenawayfromyou yousucceedingettingitback ExampleYoushouldreclaimyourconfidencebecauseyoudeserveit ImportantLanguagePoints Para 19 26 gang banger NSlang US amemberofastreetgang黑帮混混raucousADJ ofvoices cries etc harshlyorhoarselyloudExampleThesoundofthatlittlegirlisraucous bawdyADJ oflanguage plays etc containingreferencestosex esp tobehumorousExampleTomisaseriouspersonandhenevertellsbawdystoryjarringADJmakingorcausingaharshandirritatingsoundExampleThebook stoneisrefreshing althoughsomeofitspassagescanbejarring Officiatedactinanofficialcapacityinaceremonyorreligiousritual suchasaweddingExampleMr JohnsonofficiatedatAmy sweddingBaptizedVTWhensomeoneisbaptized waterisputontheirheadsortheyarecoveredwithwaterasasignthattheirsinshavebeenforgivenandthattheyhavebecomeamemberoftheChristianchurch Comparechristen ExampleThepriestrefusedtobaptizeTomwithwater ImportantLanguagePoints Para 19 26 DerogatoryADJIfyoumakeaderogatoryremarkorcommentaboutsomeoneorsomething youexpressyourlowopinionofthem 贬低的ExampleHerefusedtowithdrawderogatoryremarksmadeabouthisboss CourtesyNCourtesyispoliteness respect andconsiderationforothers 彬彬有礼ExampleShecalledonusmerelyforthesakeofcourtesy DisownIfyoudisownsomeoneorsomething yousayorshowthatyounolongerwanttohaveanyconnectionwiththemoranyresponsibilityforthem castoff 声明 与 脱离关系Example Idisownthegirlwhoisdishonesttoeveryone Cringe Ifyoucringeatsomething youfeelembarrassedordisgustedExample Weoftencringeattheimmoralhabitsofthepoor educatedperson Crank apersonwithideasthatotherpeoplefindstrangeExample Althoughpeoplethinkheisacrank healwayshassomeimpressiveidea Demagogue apoliticalleaderwhotriestowinsupportbyusingargumentsbasedonemotionratherthanreasonExample Nomineesalwaysattackthattheircompetitorisademagoguetowinpeople ssupport ImportantLanguagePoints Para 19 26 Demagogue apoliticalleaderwhotriestowinsupportbyusingargumentsbasedonemotionratherthanreasonExample Nomineesalwaysattackthattheircompetitorisademagoguetowinpeople ssupport Aftermath thesituationthatexistsasaresultofanimportant andusuallyunpleasant event especiallyawar anaccident etc Example Theaftermathofanexplosionofaatomicbombisdisastrous Harbor tokeepfeelingsorthoughts especiallynegativeones inyourmindforalongtimeExample Heharborsrevengetokillthemurdererwhocauseshisfather sdeath Stereotype toformedafixedideaaboutapersonorthingwhichmaynotreallybetrueExample Donotstereotypethingsinfirstsight oritwilllimityourthought Amplify toadddetailstoastory statement etc Example Thewitnesstriestoamplifywhathesawwhentheaccidenthappened TextAnalysis ORGANIZATION Beginwiththequote Thetask TheraceissueCondemnationofWright sstatements Complexityoftheraceissue AppealtheblackandwhitecommunitytoaddressAmerican ssocialissues black anger white resentment Astoryofawhitewomenandablackwoman asign Conclusion thisiswhereperfectionbegins Organization Para 1 6 Para 7 9 Para 10 23 Para 24 26 historicalcontext goal Personalstory campaignstory tobringouttheraceissue AttitudetoR W sremarks Fullyawareofthecomplexityofraceissue Workitouttogether FiguresofSpeech Parallelstructure foremphasis Ofcourse theanswertotheslaveryquestionwasalreadyembeddedwithinourConstitutionaConstitutionthathadatitsverycoretheidealofequalcitizenshipunderthelaw aConstitutionthatpromiseditspeopleliberty andjustice andaunionthatcouldbeandshouldbeperfectedovertime Para 4 DidIknowhimtobeanoccasionallyfiercecriticofAmericandomesticandforeignpolicy Ofcourse DidIeverhearhimmakeremarksthatcouldbeconsideredcontroversialwhileIsatinchurch Yes DidIstronglydisagreewithmanyofhispoliticalviews Para 14 aviewthatseeswhiteracismasendemic andthatelevateswhatiswrongwithAmericaaboveallthatweknowisrightwithAmerica aviewthatseestheconflictsintheMiddleEastasrootedprimarilyintheactionsofstalwartallieslikeIsrael insteadofemanatingfromtheperverseandhatefulideologiesofradicalIslam Para 15 Antithesis wemayhavedifferentstories butweholdcommonhopes wemaynotlookthesameandwemaynothavecomefromthesameplace butweallwanttomoveinthesamedirection Para 6 I vegonetosomeofthebestschoolsinAmericaandlivedinoneoftheworld spoorestnations Para 8 thatelevateswhatiswrongwithAmericaaboveallthatweknowisrightwithAmerica Para 14 kindnessandcruelty thefierceintelligenceandtheshockingignorance Para 20 Alliteration yetwordsonaparchmentwouldnotbeenoughtodeliverslavesfrombondage orprovidemenandwomenofeverycolorandcreedtheirfullrightsandobligationsascitizensoftheUnitedStates Para 5 thegreatnessandthegoodnessofournation Para 13 Ourtrialsandtriumphsbecameatonceuniqueanduniversal blackandmorethanblack inchroniclingourjourney Para 19 Thechurchcontainsinfullthekindnessandcruelty thefierceintelligenceandtheshockingignorance thestrugglesandsuccesses theloveand yes thebitternessandbiasthatmakeuptheblackexperienceinAmerica Para 20 Metaphor originalsin Para 3 wesawhowhungrytheAmericanpeople racial Para 10 Buttheremarksthathavecausedthisrecentfirestormweren tsimplycontroversial Para 15 Checkonthislesson Words 1 Farmersandscholars statesmenandpatriotswhohadtraveledacrosstheoceantoescapetyrannyandpersecution A dictationB presidentC dictatorshipD presidency2 theanswertotheslaveryquestionwasalreadyembeddedwithinourConstitution A lieB implantC findD ensure3 Ihavebrothers sisters nieces nephews unclesandcousins ofeveryraceandeveryhue A raceB colorC languageD culture4 webuiltapowerfulcoalitionofAfricanAmericansandwhiteAmericans A weaponB forceC allianceD power5 thatit sbasedsolelyonthedesireofwide eyedliberalstopurchaseracialreconciliationonthecheap A