贵州省仁怀市高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解练习（四）.doc

贵州仁怀市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮练习阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。mr. peter johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. mr. johnson took the only escape routethrough the boot(行李箱). mr. johnsons car had finished up in a ditch(沟渠)at romney marsin, kent after skidding(打滑)on ice and hitting a bank. “fortunately, the water began to come in only slowly, ”mr. johnson said. “i couldnt force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and i dared not open the windows because i knew water would come flooding in. ”mr. johnson, a sweet salesman of sitting home, kent, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot. then he began his struggle to escape. later he said, “it was really a half penny that saved my life. it was the only coin i had in my pocket and i used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot. i hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear, but no help came. ”it took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot. then mr. johnson found a wrench(扳手)and began to work on the boot lock. fifteen minutes passed by. “it was the only chance i had. finally it gave, but as soon as i moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in. i forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up. ”his hands and arms cut and bruised(擦伤), mr. johnson got to beckett farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmers wife, mrs. lucy bates. huddled in a blanket, he said, “that thirty minutes seemed like hours. ”only the tips of the car wheels were visible, police said last night. the vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch. 【文章大意】本文记述了mr. johnson由于车祸被困于水下车内半个小时, 最后死里逃生的故事。1. what is the best title for this newspaper article? a. the story of mr. johnson, a sweet salesmanb. car boot can serve as the best escape routec. driver escapes through car bootd. the driver survived a terrible car accident【解析】选c。主旨大意题。根据第一段“mr. peter johnson. . . escape from his trapped car. . . through the boot. ”可归纳出文章的标题为答案c。2. which of the following objects is the most important to mr. johnson? a. the hammer. b. the coin. c. the screw. d. the horn. 【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据第四段mr. johnson所说的话及他后面所做的事情可推知此题答案为b。3. “finally it gave”(paragraph 5)means that. a. luckily the door was torn away in the endb. at last the wrench went brokenc. the lock came open after all his effortsd. the chance was lost at the last minute【解析】选c。推理判断题。根据上文. . . work on the boot lock及下文but as soon as i moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in可推知此题答案为c。4. it may be inferred from the passage that. a. the ditch was along a quiet country roadb. the accident happened on a clear warm dayc. the police helped mr. johnson get out of the ditchd. mr. johnson had a tender wife and was well attended【解析】选a。推断判断题。根据第四段最后一句“. . . but no help came. ”及最后一段的第一句“. . . mr. johnson got to beckett farm nearby. . . ”可推知地点是在寂静的农村。【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着阅读理解运用词性转化破解阅读理解这篇阅读理解中的. . . by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot中的sound和hammer都是名词转化成的动词。sound(n. )_(v. ) _; hammer(n. ) _(v. ) _。做题时, 多注意词性转化也会让我们更好地理解文章。例如: to perfect her already excellent english, she has set new goals for herself and focuses on understanding grammar rules. 这句中的perfect是形容词转化的动词。perfect(adj. ) _(v. ) _。we back schools in using these powers to deal with problem pupils. 此句中的back也是词性转化, back(n. ) _(v. ) _。此处是动词, 表示支持。由此可知, 当我们遇到熟悉的单词时, 要根据语境来判断其词性推测其词义。答案:声音 按响 锤子 用锤子敲 完美的 使完美 后面 支持社会文化（阅读理解）由 (2013辽宁,d)改编“indeed,” george washington wrote in his diary in 1785,“some kind of fly,or bug,had begun to eat the leaves before i left home.”but the father of america was not the father of bug.when washington wrote that,englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century,and americans had already created lightning-bug (萤火虫).but the english were soon to stop using the bugs in their language,leaving it to the americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.the american bug could also be a person,referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.although fan became the usual term,sports fans used to be called racing bugs,baseball bugs,and the like.or the bug could be a small machine or object,for example,a bug-shaped car.the bug could also be a burglar alarm,from which comes the expression to bug,that is,“to install (安装) an alarm”.now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others conversations.since the 1840s,to bug has long meant “to cheat”,and since the 1940s it has been annoying.we also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.that meaning dates back to the time of thomas edison.in 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.in 1889 it was recorded that edison “had been up the two previous nights discoveringa bug in his invented record player.”1.we learn from paragraph 1 that .a.americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bugb.george washington was the first person to call an insect a bugc.the word bug was still popularly used in england in the nineteenth centuryd.both englishmen and americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century2.what does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?()a.explanation.b.finding.c.origin.d.fault.3.the passage is mainly concerned with .a.the misunderstanding of the word bugb.the development of the word bugc.the public views of the word bugd.the special characteristics of the word bug语篇解读:本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了bug一词的不同含义及发展过程。答案及剖析:1.d推理判断题。华盛顿在18世纪用到这个词的时候,英国人已经使用该词一个多世纪了,由此可知,18世纪时,两个国家都在使用这个词,故d项正确。文章并未提到美国人在学习使用bug方面存在困难,排除a项;英国人在华盛顿使用该词之前已经用过这个词了,根据第一段中的“but the father of america was not the father of bug.”排除b项;根据第一段最后一句可排除c项。2.d词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“that meaning dates back to the time of thomas edison.in 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties”可以判断出d项正确。a项意为“解释”;b项意为“发现”;c项意为“来源”;d项意为“故障;缺陷”。3.b主旨大意题。概括全文,我们不难看出文章向我们介绍bug一词的发展过程以及不同含义,故b项符合文章主旨。a项意为“对bug一词的误解”;c项意为“大众对bug一词的看法”;d项意为“bug一词的特殊之处”,均不能概括出全文内容。【疑难词汇解读】refer v. referredreferring refer to 提到,谈到we agreed never to refer to the matter again.我们同意永远不再提这件事。【长难句子分析】but the english主语 were联系动词 soon to stop usingthe bugs intheir language表语,leaving it tothe americans tocall a bug abuginthe nineteenth伴随状语 and twentiethcenturies伴随状语.但不久英国人就不再在他们的语言中使用bug了,留给美国人在19、20世纪继续把臭虫称为bug。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。【2014仿真模拟冲刺卷】sixteen years ago i learned this lesson in the back of a new york city taxi cabheres what happenedi hopped in a taxi, and we took off for grand central stationwe were driving in the right lane when, all of a sudden, a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of usmy taxi driver slammed on his brakes, skidded, and missed the other cars back end by just inches! the driver of the other car, who almost caused a big accident, started yelling bad words at usmy taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guyand i mean he was friendlyso, i said, “why did you just do that？this guy almost ruined your car and sent us to the hospital！” and this is when my taxi driver told me what i now call “the law of the garbage truck”many people are like garbage （rubbish） trucksthey run around full of garbage, full of frustration, full of anger, and full of disappointmentas their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump itand if you let them, theyll dump it on youwhen someone wants to dump on you, dont take it personallyyou just smile, wave, wish them well, and move onyoull be happy with what you didi started thinking, how often do i let garbage trucks run right over me？and how often do itake their garbage and spread it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets？it was that dayi said, “im not going to do anymore”successful people do not let garbage trucks take over their daywhat about you？if you let more garbage trucks pass you by, youll be happierlifes too short to wake up in the morning with regretsso, love the people who treat you rightforget about the ones who dont41what happened one day when the author was taking a taxi？athe taxi almost hit another carbthe taxi driver was injuredcthe author scolded the driver of the other cardthe author learned a lesson from the driver of the garbage truck42how did the taxi driver respond to the behavior of the driver of the black car？ahe yelled back at the driverbhe sent the driver to the hospitalche was friendly towards the driverdhe dumped some garbage in front of his car43what does the taxi driver think of people according to paragraph 3？amany people like to drive garbage trucksbmany people dump garbage wherever they likecmany people are warm-hearted to make others happydmany people tend to be very much depressed44what can we infer from paragraph 4？athe author used to have a lot of garbage trucksbthe author used to complain a lotcthe author used to have a lot of moneydthe author used to be a good manager45according to the passage, what should you do if people “dump garbage” on you？aignore them and go on with our own workbtry our best to persuade them not to do that againctell them to dump the garbage in the right placedtake over their work and carry the garbage to somewhere else【参考答案】41-45acdba 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。【2014仿真模拟冲刺卷】short and shy，ben saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports teamfootball，tennis，cricketanything with a round ball，i was uselesshe says now with a laughbut back then he was the object of jokes in school gym classes in englands rural devonshireit was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed himat first the teen went biking alone in a nearby forestthen he began to cycle along with a runner friendgradually，saunders set his mind on building up his body，increasing his speed，strength and enduranceat age 18，he ran his first marathonthe following year，he met john ridgway，who became famous in the 1960s for rowing an open boat across the atlantic oceansaunders was hired as an instructor at ridgways school of adventure in scotland，where he learned about the older mans cold-water exploits（成就）intrigued，saunders read all he could about arctic explorers and north pole expeditions，then decided that this would be his futurejourneys to the pole arent the usual holidays for british country boys，and many people dismissed his dream as fantasyjohn ridgway was one of the few who didnt say，you are completely crazy, saunders saysin 2001，after becoming a skilled skier，saunders started his first long-distance expedition toward the north polehe suffered frostbite，had a closer encounter（遭遇） with a polar bear and pushed his body to the limitsaunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the north pole，and hes skied more of the arct