科技翻译汉译英作业(二).doc

张衡张衡是中国古代杰出的科学家。公元78年他诞生在河南南阳，少年时代生活比较贫困。但他努力学习，读了大量书籍，十多岁就能写出很出色的文章。His childhood was spent in relative poverty.他长期观察日月和行星的运行规律，知道月亮本身不发光，月光只是月球反射了太阳光。他还正确地解释了“冬天日短夜长，夏天日长夜短”的道理。张衡在他写的书中，提出了“空间和时间都是无限的”的理论。他画出了中国第一张完备的星图，记录了2,500颗恒星，还记录了它们的亮度和出没时间。他的观测，与我们今天在同一个地点看到的星空相近。For a long time he observed the law of the movement of the moon, the sun and the stars. He knew that the moon does not in itself shine but only reflects the light of the sun. He soundly explained the phenomenon of “longer nights and shorter days in winter and longer days and shorter nights in summer.” In his works, Zhang Heng advanced the theory that “space and time are both limitless.” He made Chinas first complete star chart which recorded 2,500 fixed stars, their brightness and their time of appearance and disappearance. His observation were quite similar to the observations made today at the same place. 公元117年，张衡创造了一台浑天仪。这是一个大铜球，靠水力来转动。铜球转动的速度恰好和地球自转的速度相等。看着浑天仪，就知道哪颗星正在升起，哪颗星正在落下。这是世界上第一台用水力转动的天文仪器。armillary sphere张衡还创造了世界上第一台观测气象的仪器候风仪。他还制作了已经失传的指南车。这种车不管怎样转弯、行驶，车上的木制小人总是把手臂指向南方。Zhang Heng also created the worlds first meteorological instrument-anemograph. He made a pointing-south cart with a wooden figure always pointing southward no matter what direction the cart was moving in. The cart has since been lost.张衡最著名的发明创造是制作世界上第一台地动仪。地动仪上有八条龙，对着八个方向。龙嘴是活的，每条龙的嘴都有一颗铜球。有一天，正对西方的龙嘴突然张开，铜球落了下来。张衡判断洛阳的西面发生了地震。几天以后，果然得到报告，那一天那里发生了地震。The most famous creation of Zhang Heng is the first seismograph in the world. This was made of eight gragons pointing in eight directions. Their mouth could open and close and each carried a copper ball. One day the mouth of the dragon facing due west suddenly opened and the copper ball fell out. Zhang Heng judged that there was an earthquake west of Luoyang. A few days later, it was reported that an earthquake had taken place there that day.世界猎奇1. 现今存在的昆虫的种类，比所有其它动物加起来的种类还要多。The kinds of insects in existence today are more than the total of all kind of all other animals put together.2. 科学家们平均每年发现大约7000到10000种新的昆虫他们认为还有100万至1000万种有待发现。Scientists discover approxiamately 7,000 to 10,000 new insect species every year and they believe that there are between 1 million to 10 million species to be found. (as yet found)3. 在身体中大脑占的比例最大的动物是蚂蚁。The animal with the largest brain in proportion to its body size is the ant.4. 蚂蚁醒过来时要伸懒腰，而且在开始工作之前会像人那样打哈欠。Ants will stretch when they wake up and will yawn in a human manner before they start their works.5. 蜜蜂能看到紫外线。6. 蜜蜂有五只眼睛。三只小眼睛长在头顶上，两只大眼睛长在头前。7. 蝴蝶用后足感受味道。8. 蟑螂在地球上已存在了2.5亿年，没有任何变化。9. 蟑螂头被切掉后仍能活好几个星期。10. 蜘蛛的血液是透明的。11. 大多数种类的蜘蛛有八只眼睛，长在头和靠近头前部的地方，一般四只一行，排成两行。Most varieties of spiders have eight eyes, arranged on top and near the front of the head, usually in two rows of four each. 12. 如果在蝎子身上放上少许一点儿酒，它会立刻发疯，将自己蛰死。If one places a little amount of liquor on a scorpion, it will instantly go mad and sting itself to death.13. 白鲨的牙齿硬度可以和钢相比。14. 鲸鱼的心脏每分钟只搏动9次。15. 老鼠从五层楼上掉下来可以不受伤。两只老鼠在不到一年内可以生出15,000只后代。16. 长颈鹿比骆驼更耐渴。17. 猫尝不出甜的东西。18. 马能站着睡觉。19. 鸭子只在清晨下蛋。20. 据估计，世界上有几百万颗树是松鼠无意中种下的。