AUTO-INDUSTRY印度汽车行业介绍-英文材料.doc

AUTO INDUSTRYOn the canvas of the Indian economy, auto industry occupies a prominent place. Due to its deep forward and backward linkages with several key segments of the economy, automotive industry has a strong multiplier effect and is capable of being the driver of economic growth. A sound transportation system plays a pivotal role in the countrys rapid economic and industrial development. The well-developed Indian automotive industry ably fulfils this catalytic role by producing a wide variety of vehicles: passenger cars, light, medium and heavy commercial vehicles, multi-utility vehicles such as jeeps, scooters, motorcycles, mopeds, three wheelers, tractors etc.The automotive sector is one of the core industries of the Indian economy, whose prospect is reflective of the economic resilience of the country. Continuous economic liberalization over the years by the government of India has resulted in making India as one of the prime business destination for many global automotive players. The automotive sector in India is growing at around 18 per cent per annum. The Indian automotive industry started its new journey from 1991 with delicensing of the sector and subsequent opening up for 100 per cent FDI through automatic route. Since then almost all the global majors have set up their facilities in India taking the production of vehicle from 2 million in 1991 to 9.7 million in 2006 (nearly 7 per cent of global automobiles production and 2.4 per cent of four wheeler production).The cumulative annual growth rate of production of the automotive industry from the year 2000-2001 to 2005-2006 was 17 per cent. The cumulative annual growth rate of exports during the period 2000-01 to 2005-06 was 32.92 per cent. The production of the automotive industry is expected to achieve a growth rate of over 20 per cent in 2006-07 and about 15 per cent in 2007-08. The export during the same period is expected to grow over 20 per cent.Advantage IndiaIndia holds huge potential in the automobile sector including the automobile component sector owing to its technological, cost and manpower advantage. Further, India has a well-developed, globally competitive Auto Ancillary Industry and established automobile testing and R&D centres. The country enjoys natural advantage and is among the lowest cost producers of steel in the world. The Indian automobile industry today boasts of being the largest three wheeler second largest two wheelers manufacturers in the world, world largest motorcycle manufacturer is in India, second largest tractor manufacturer in the world, fifth largest commercial vehicle manufacturer in the world and third largest car market in Asia.Investment Opportunities Establishing Research and Development Centres Establishing Engineering Centres Passenger Car Segment Two Wheeler Segment Heavy truck Segment Production One of the largest industries in India, automotive industry has been witnessing impressive growth during the last two decades. Abolition of licensing in 1991, permitting automatic approval and successive liberalization of the sector over the years have led to overall development of the automobile industry. The freeing of the industry from restrictive environment, on the one hand, helped it to restructure, absorb new technologies, align itself to global developments and realize its potential and on the other hand, this has significantly increased industrys contribution to overall industrial growth in the country. The automobile industry witnessed a growth of 19.35 percent in April- July 2006 when compared to April- July 2005.Automobile Production Trends Category 2005-062006-07 (In Nos)Passenger Cars10461331238032Utility Vehicles196506222111MPVs 6666184707Total Passenger Vehicles13093001544850M&HCVs219295294266LCVs171788225734Total Commercial Vehicles391083520000Three Wheelers434423556124Scooters1021013943974Motorcycles62076907112225Mopeds379994379987Electric Two Wheelers-7982Total Two Wheelers76086978444168Grand Total 974350311065142Source: Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM)Domestic SalesThe cumulative growth of the Passenger Vehicles segment during April-May 2007 was 11.61 per cent. Passenger cars grew by 10.84 percent, Utility Vehicles (UVs)by 12.20 per cent and Multi Purpose Vehicles (MPVs) by 21.93 percent in April-May 2007 compared to the same period last year.In April-May 2007, the Commercial Vehicles (CVs) segment grew by 3.61 per cent over the same period in 2006. Light Commercial Vehicles recorded a growth of 18.80 per cent; however, Medium & Heavy Commercial Vehicles witnessed a fall by 6.14 percent. Three Wheelers sales fell by 5.32 percent with sales of both Goods Carriers decreasing by -8.99 percent and Passenger Carriers by 2.77 percent during the period.Two Wheeler market also registered a negative growth of 8.02 percent during April-May 2007 over April-May 2006. Though Scooters, Mopeds and Electric Two Wheelers grew by 17.78 percent, 25.53 percent and 101.54 percent respectively, motorcycles, which is the main segment in this category, registered a decline of 13.20 percent. Automobile Domestic Sales TrendCategory 2005-062006-07 (No. of Vehicles)Passenger Cars8822081076408Utility Vehicles 194502220199MPVs663683091Total Passenger Vehicles11430761379698M&HCVs207472275600LCVs143569192282Total Commercial Vehicles351041467882Three Wheelers 359920403909Scooters909051940673Motorcycles58105996553664Mopeds332741355870Electric Two Wheelers-7341Total Two Wheelers70523917857548Grand Total 890642810109037Source: Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM)ExportsAutomobile exports continued to register growth at 18.52 percent during April-May 2007 over the same period last year. Commercial vehicles exports increased by 28.24 percent, Three wheelers exports grew by 45.17 per cent and two wheelers exports grew by 21.86 per cent. However, passenger vehicles exports registered a decline of 9.03 percent, with all its sub-segments registering negative growth.Automobile Export TrendsCategory 2005-062006-07 (No. of Vehicles)Passenger Cars169990192745Utility Vehicles 44894403MPVs10931330Total Passenger Vehicles175572198478M&HCVs1407818838LCVs2652230928Total Commercial Vehicles4060049766Three Wheelers 76881143896Scooters8393435685Motorcycles386054545887Mopeds4318137566Electrict Two Wheelers-Total Two Wheelers513169619138Grand Total 8062221011278Source: Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM)Auto Components Industry Surge in automobile industry since the nineties has led to robust growth of the auto component sector in the country. In tandem with the industry trends, the Indian component sector has shown great advances in recent years in terms of growth, spread, absorption of new technologies and flexibility. Indian auto component industry has seen major growth with the arrival of world vehicle manufacturers from Japan, Korea, US and Europe. Today, India is emerging as one of the key auto components center in Asia and is expected to play a significant role in the global automotive supply chain in the near future. The auto parts industry has emerged as one of Indias fastest growing manufacturing sectors and a globally competitive one. The auto components industry in India is dominated by around 500 key players, which contribute more than 85 percent of Indias production. The industry has very deep forward and backward linkages with almost every other engineering manufacturing sector of the economy. It supports industries like automobiles, machine tools, steel, aluminum, rubber, plastics, electrical, electronics, forgings and machining.India has also emerged as an outsourcing hub for auto parts for international companies such as Ford, General Motors, Daimler Chrysler, Fiat, Volkswagon, and Toyota.India enjoys cost advantage with regard to castings and forgings. The manufacturing costs in India are 25 to 30 percent lower than its western counterparts. Indias competitive advantage does not come from costs alone, but from its full service supply capability.To encourage the smooth growth of the industry, the Government of India has allowed automatic approval for foreign equity investment up to 100 percent of manufacture of auto components. Further, the engineering export promotion council under the aegis of Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India, over the years has been engaged in promoting exports of engineering goods including auto parts. Besides, the Automotive Component Manufacturers Association of India (ACMA) represents the Indian auto component industry. The association is engaged in promoting trade, technology upgradation, quality enhancement, and collection and dissemination of information. The vital statistics pertaining to the auto components sector during 2004-05 and 2005-06 are outlined below:Indicators 2004-052005-06Output3654045500Exports62379127Employment 5,00,000 persons5,00,000 personsExports of auto-componentsIndia is being preferred as low cost country by various global OEMs for sourcing auto components for their worldwide production. As a result of this, Indian auto component industrys export scenario has changed. Now, 75 per cent of its export is directed to OEM and rest is feeding the after sales market overseas. while auto component exports grew by 40 per cent in 2004-05 to a level of US$ 1.4 billion, it registered a growth rate of 46 per cent in 2005-06 and crossed US$ 2 billion mark. A high growth of over 40 per cent is expected to materialize in 2006-07 as well. Total export was of the order of Rs. 6237 crore during the year 2004-05 and Rs. 9127 crore during the year 2005-06. Policy InitiativesAutomobile Policy 2002The Automobile Policy 2002 seeks to make India an international hub for manufacturing small affordable passenger cars and a key centre for manufacturing tractors and two-wheelers for sales world wide. Foreign Direct Investment The Indian auto industry with a turnover of US$ 12 billion and the auto parts industry with a turnover of US$3 billion offer excellent scope for FDI. Automatic approval for foreign equity investment upto 100 per cent of manufacture of automobiles and component is permitted. The automobile industry is delicensed Import of components is freely allowed Automotive Mission