2017年电大本科小学教育《小学语文教学研究》试题及答案1小抄.doc

专业好文档中央广播电视大学2010-2011学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试（开卷）小学语文教学研究 试题一、筒答题（简要答出要点即可，不必展开论述。每小题10分，共40 分）1为什么说在语文课程中，表达形式的学习是教学的着眼点和重要目的之一？2语文教材有哪些主要功能？3简述口语交际能力的内涵。4当前小学语文评价改革的重点是什么？二、论述题（结合实际问题进行具体论述。每小题18分，共36分）1结合实际论述综合性学习的主要任务。2举例论述在小学作文教学中应该如何开发学生的创造潜能？三、分析题（运用相关理论，对所给问题进行具体分析。24分） 分析下面的案例，回答以下问题： 1分析下面的课堂教学设计方案中每个教学流程的设计意图。（12分） 2从母语学习和语文素养的角度看，该案例在教学中有什么鲜明特点？（12分） 鸟的天堂课堂教学设计 1上课伊始，教师运用优美的语言将学生带人特定的游览情境中：“今天，老师和大家一起随巴金爷爷去鸟的天堂看看。我们漫步来到小河边，跳上一只小船，向河中心移去。小船儿平静地在水面移动，船桨有规律地在水里划呀划，那声音就像一支轻快而美妙的乐曲” 2 学生自由读课文。读前教师提出要求： (1)认真读全文，读准字音，读通句子，不懂的地方多读几遍，边读边想； (2)想想文章主要讲了什么，以理清课文思路，整体把握课文内容，为深入学习做好准备。 3变序教学，由作者最后一句话：“昨天是我的眼睛骗了我，那鸟的天堂，的确是鸟的天堂啊！”作为切人点、突破点开展学习活动。 (1)阅读全文并思考：作者在两次经过“鸟的天堂”后，感受最深的是什么？ (2)出示句子（课文最后一句），引导学生有感情地朗读，体悟作者发自内心的赞美和惊叹。 4研读一：品味“天堂”静景 (1)播放CAI课件（秀丽的“天堂”静景），为学生提供直观、形象的画面，感受大榕树的大和茂盛。 (2)小组合作学习。自读课文5-9自然段，思考这株大榕树大得、茂盛得有什么特别的地方，画上记号，做好旁批，然后在小组内交流各自的看法和感受，并以读的形式表达出来。 (3)汇报小组学习情况。在汇报过程中，一要引导学生体会文章语言的准确生动；二要让学生充分地读，读出大榕树的大和茂盛，读出各自独特的感受和体验。在熟读的基础上，选择自己喜欢的段落练习背诵。 重点点拨以下句段： 我有机会看清它的真面目，真是一株大树，枝干的数目不可计数。枝上又生根，有许多根直垂到地上，伸进泥土里。（感悟枝上生根的奇特景象，理解“枝干的数目不可计数”的原因。） 那么多的绿叶，一簇堆在另一簇上面，不留一点缝隙。那翠绿的颜色，明亮地照耀着我们的眼睛，似乎每一片绿叶上都有一个新的生命在颤动。（着重引导体会用词的准确，并联系生活实际感受叶“绿”，感悟榕树旺盛的生命力。） 这美丽的南国的树。（将原文与下列句子比较：“这是美丽的南国的树。这南国的树是美丽的。”揣摩作者发自内心的惊叹，进一步体会树美，与作者在情感上产生共鸣。） 研读二：领悟“天堂”动景 (1)播放CAI课件（众鸟纷飞的热闹景象），感知“天堂”之欢。 (2)自由读10 -13自然段，交流读懂了什么？重点交流“到处都是鸟声有的在扑翅膀”一节，感悟清晨鸟的天堂热闹的景象。 (3)有感情地朗读，读出“天堂”的热闹情形，体会作者心情的愉快。 (4)畅谈感受：众鸟纷飞，画眉鸣唱，多么热闹的景象！置身于这样一个鸟的世界，大家被深深陶醉了。此时此刻，你想到了什么？想说些什么？想做什么？ 5(1)回顾全文，思考：作者两次经过“鸟的天堂”，所见到的景象有什么不一样？为什么？引导学生细读全文，找出“傍晚”、“早晨”这两个表示时间的词，结合自然规律来理解傍晚沉寂、早晨热闹的原因。 (2)理解重点句。再次出示句子：“昨天是我的眼睛骗了我，那鸟的天堂的确是鸟的天堂珂！”有感情地练读，结合前文理解第一个“鸟的天堂”指大榕树，第二个是用天堂来比喻这里幽静、美丽、安全，对鸟儿的栖息繁衍再合适不过，是名副其实的鸟的天堂。 (3)默读全文并思考：“为什么这株大椿树会成为鸟的天堂？”联系文中“有许多鸟在这树上做巢，农民们不许人去捉它们”，体会人与环境之间的关系。出示来自“鸟的天堂”的信补充阅读，交流课前查找的资料，谈体会。 6 播放音乐风光片江边晨景（所摄景物可为远山、草滩、树林、过往船只、飞鸟、江边牧童、晨雾等），首先引导学生分清哪些景物是静态的，哪些是动态的，然后讨论交流各事物有哪些特点，鼓励学生当场口头描述，教师随机点拨，在此基础上让学生选取1-2样事物作片段练习，写后集体评议。试卷代号：1180 中央广播电视大学2010-2011学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试（开卷）小学语文教学研究 试题答案及评分标准 （供参考） 2011年7月一、筒答题（简要答出要点即可，不必展开论述。每小题10分，共40分） 1为什么说在语文课程中，表达形式的学习是教学的着眼点和重要目的之一？ 答：语文课程形式和内容的统一，是语文课程基本特点的重要内涵。（2分）语文包涵两个方面：语言文字的形式方面和它所负载的文化、文学、思想、情感等内容方面。（4分）学习语文课程不仅要理解课文的内容，而且要学习课文的表达形式。（2分）语文课程把表达形式的学习作为教学的着眼点和重要目的之一，这是它与其它课程在性质上的区别。语文课程的教学，应该将形式和内容，工具性和人文性融合在一起，不能偏重某一方面。（2分） 2语文教材有哪些主要功能？ 答：语文教材是课程目标的载体；(4分)语文教材是教师指导学生学习语文的载体；(3分)语文教材是学生学习语文的凭借。（3分） 3简述口语交际能力的内涵。 口语交际能力是一个人运用口头语言及非语言手段来达到某种交际目的的能力，（5分）它体现了语言知识、文化知识、语用知识、认知能力及情感态度的融合。（5分） 4当前小学语文评价改革的重点是什么？ 答：当前小学语文评价改革的重点是应最大限度避免将分数功能绝对化，（2分）淡化评价的选拔功能，（2分）强化评价的诊断功能，（2分）充分利用语文评价的反馈信息，（2分）调节语文教学行为，促进学生全面发展。（2分）二、论述题（颦合实际问题进行具体论述。每小题18分，共36分） 1结合实际论述综合性学习的主要任务。 答：综合性学习的主要任务包括两方面内容：培养学生主动探究、团结合作和勇于创新的精神和使学生形成高尚的道德情操和正确的价值观。 第一，培养学生主动探究、团结合作和勇于创新的精神。（3分） 首先是要培养学生笋F题意识。综合性学习以学生的兴趣和直接经验为基础以与学生生活密切相关的问题为内容，以自主、合作、探究为基本学习方式，把让学生提出问题作为教学的切人口，极大地重视学生问题意识的培养。它首先要求教师引导学生按自己的兴趣爱好提出学习和生活中的问题。然后让学生以个人或小组为单位，通过课内外阅读和观察、调查，收集资料，并综合运用语文知识和能力来分析、解决问题。（2分）其二是培养学生的合作意识。综合性学习必需采用有利于培养学生合作意识、合作能力的活动形式。学生们可以通过小组或班级，一起进行讨论研究与实践，共同完成一项活动，或是解决一个学习中的问题。让学生在与同伴分工合作的过程中，逐步懂得合作的重要，并由此主动去学习、掌握与人沟通、交流、合作的技巧，培养策划、组织、协调和实施的能力。（2分）其三是培养学生收集、处理信息的能力。在语文综合性学习的过程中，要培养学生利用多种手段、通过多种途径来获取信息，并根据需要恰当地处理信息和利用信息，培养初步具备搜集、处理信息的能力。（2分） 第二，使学生形成高尚的道德情操和正确的价值观。（3分） 具体包括：增强思想教育的形象性；增强文化教育的广博性和亲和力；增强情感教育的渗透性；增强学生的社会责任感。（4分） 论述具体2分。 2举例论述在小学作文教学中应该如何开发学生的创造潜能？ 开发创造潜能的核心是培养创造思维能力（包括创造性想象能力和发散性思维能力），同时也要激发创造意识和逐步形成创造性个性品质（如主动、好奇、自信心、独立性、变通性、独创性等）。（3分） 首先，培育创造力的要求应贯穿在作文教学序列之中。比如低年级作文教学着重发展学生初步概括信息、交流信息和自我表现的语言功能，培养学生的想象能力。中年级作文教学着重发展学生比较系统的概括信息、交流信息和自我表现的语言功能，培养学生的观察能力。高年级作文教学则着重发展学生个别影响和自我教育的语言功能，培养学生的抽象概念思维能力。（5分） 第二，培育创造力的要求应贯穿在作文教学过程之中，和命题、取材、指导、评价等各个环节紧密结合。包括：提倡自主拟题，少写命题作文。自由命题，半命题，假想性命题，过渡性命题，作文指导要求开阔学生思路，让学生自由表达。鼓励学生写作中选材求异、体裁求异、立意求异、结构求异、遣词造句求异。作文评改要求以鼓励为主，并引导学生自我修改或互改。 （5分） 举例论述5分。三、分析题（运用相关理论，对所给问题进行具体分析。24分） 1分析下面的课堂教学设计方案中每个教学流程的设计意图。（12分） 答： (1)创设情境，激发兴趣 (2)初读感知，整体把握 (3)再读全文，真切感受 (4)深入研读，感悟积累 (5)回归整体，深化情感 (6)领悟写法，习作练笔 以上6点各2分。 2从母语学习和语文素养的角度看，该案例在教学中有什么鲜明特点？（12分） 答： (1)尊重母语学习规律，紧紧凭借课文作为“例子”，指导学生在层层深入又重点突出的阅读中具体落实对母语的感悟、积累和运用。（6分） (2)教学设计重视识字、阅读、习作、口语能力的提高，追求语文素养的全面发展。（6分）Winger Tuivasa-Sheck, who scored two tries in the Kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over England, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while Slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against USA.Both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but Australia have not conceded a try since Josh Charnleys effort in their first pool match against England on the opening day.Aussie winger Jarryd Hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by Tuivasa-Sheck with eight.But it is recently named Rugby League International Federation player of the year Sonny Bill Williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.The Kiwi - with a tournament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the World Cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the All Blacks in 2011.Id give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend, said Williams.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA. Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.They blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the Kiwis in Manchester.Five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by Englands Josh Charnley in the opening game of the tournament.That could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but I have been impressed by the Kangaroos focus in their games since then.They have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-chase. Theyve been great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates.It is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.In Johnathan Thurston, Cooper Cronk, Cameron Smith and either Billy Slater or Greg Inglis at full-back they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. They have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into Saturday.The Kiwis are a lot less experienced but winning a dramatic match like their semi-final against England will do wonders for their confidence.They defeated Australia in the Four Nations final in 2010 and the last World Cup, and know they can rise to the big 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