八年级上册Unit7知识点总结.doc

Unit7 Will people have robots?【一般将来时】1.含义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作.例句： Inthefuture,therewillbelessfreshwater. Theyregoingtobuysomefoodrightaway.2.常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有:inthefuture, tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,next(month/year),atonce(立刻;马上),soon, rightaway(立刻;马上),rightnow(现在;马上),soonerorlater(迟早),later，in+一段时间等3. 结构:1)will+动词原形（第一人称用shall）2)begoingto+动词原形3).否定：一加二改：一加（助动词+not）;二改（some改为any）例句： He will visit you tomorrow. - He wont visit you tomorrow. They are going to going to buy some food. - They arent going to going to buy any food.4) 一般疑问句：一提二改三升调：把will/be 提到句首；把some改为any，句号改为问号。例句： Will he visit you tomorrow? -Yes, he will. / No, he wont. Are they going to buy anf food? -Yes, they are. / No, they arent.4. 注意：1) 在口语中，will常缩写为ll，will not常缩写为wont2) 在疑问句汇总，主语为第一人称(I 和we)时，常用助动词shall5. 在条件、时间状语从句中，一般是主将从现。例句：If it is fine tomorrow, Im going on a trip.6. 关于一般将来时在八年级中我们已经学习了以下几种表现形式：(1)用现在进行时表将来时（表示按计划安排要发生的事件。）What are you doing this weekend?Im playing soccer with Jim.Are you visiting the aquarium tomorrow? Yes, we are.(2)用be going to do表将来时（表示将要发生的动作或安排，含有“计划、准备”的意思，也可以表示很可能发生的自然现象。）It is going to rain this afternoon.Were going to have a new subject this year.(3)用will do表示将来时（表示客观上将来势必发生的事情，单纯的将来概念或表示“意愿”。）I will see you tomorrow.Will you please open the door?【短语&句子】1.on computer在电脑上 study at home on computers 在家中电脑上学习 2.on paper在纸上 3.live to be 200 years old 活到200岁 4.free time空闲时间 in ones free time 在某人空闲时间5.in great danger处于(极度)危险之中 6.on the earth在地球上 save the earth 拯救地球7.space station太空站 8.look for寻找 9.computer programmer电脑编程员 10.in the future在未来 11. hundreds of许多；成百上千 12.over and over again多次；反复地 13. get bored感到厌烦的 14.wake up醒来 15.fall down倒塌 16.in ones home在某人的家中 17.in 100 years 100年后 18. in an apartment 在一所公寓里19.look like 看起来像 20.believe in sb。 = trust in sb。 信任某人 believe sb。 相信某人说的话21. the same as 与一样22. will+动词原形 将要做23. fewer/more+可数名词复数 更少/更多less/more+不可数名词 更少/更多24. have to do sth.不得不做某事（客观） must 必须（主观）25. agree with sb.同意某人的意见at some point 在某些方面take a holiday 去度假if possible = when possible 如果可能的话26. There will be + 主语+其他 将会有27. There is/are + sb./sth. + doing sth.有正在做某事28. make sb. do sth. 29. help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 30. try to do sth. 尽力做某事 31.What will the future be like ? 未来将会是什么样子？32.Which side do you agree with ? 你同意哪一方的观点？33. Its + adj + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是的34.play a part in doing sth. 参与做某事【语法讲解】1. (P49)Do you think there will be robots in peoples home?此句是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句，Do you think是主句，there will be是宾语从句。关于There be句型：There is (are)表示“某处有某物”。此处的“有”，表示存在关系。(1) There is a book on the desk. 课桌上有本书。(2) There are some people in the room. 房间里有一些人。注意：There is的后面跟可数名词的单数或不可数名词；There are的后面跟可数名词的复数。如果罗列很多东西，则看第一个名词，如果第一个名词是单数，谓语动词用is；如果是复数则用are，可称作“就近原则”。如：(1) There is a book and two rulers on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和两把尺子。(2) There are two rulers and a book on the desk. 桌子上有两把尺子和一本书。拓展：There be句型有时态的变化一般现在时：There is/are一般将来时：There will beThere is/are going to be一般过去时：There was/were这里需要注意的是there be的一般将来时，同学们常犯的错误是there will have或there is/are going to have，如：这个星期天将有一场足球赛。There is going to (There will) be a football match this Sunday.（）There is going to have a football match this Sunday. （）There will have a football math this Sunday.（）2.(P49) Books will only be on computers, not on paper. on computer 在电脑上 on paper 在纸上paper: 纸(un) a piece of paper 一张纸 试卷；论文；报纸(cn) The students are busy doing their papers.3.(P49)People will live to be 200 years old. “live to be基数词years old”可译为“活到岁”。live是动词，其汉语意思是“居住；生活；活”。如：Where do you live? 你住在哪儿？I live in Beijing. 我住在北京。We live happily. = We live a happy life. 我们过着幸福的生活。live读/laiv/时，是形容词，表示“（动、植物）活着的”，置于名词之前；alive, living也是形容词，表示“活着的”。拓展：living adj. “活着的”，其反义词是dead; alive adj. 活的，其反义词是dead; alive不可置于名词之前，所以名词前要用live/laiv/, living。如：a live/living dog一只活狗a live/living fish一条活鱼this dog is alive 这只狗是活的4.(P50) There will be more pollution.a few+可数名词复数：有一些，有几个few+可数名词复数：几乎没有（表示否定）a little+不可数名词：有一些little+不可数名词：几乎没有（表示否定）few的比较级：fewerlittle的比较级：less many+可数名词复数：很多、许多much+不可数名词：很多，许多many、much的比较级：morepollution(un.) 污染，公害 pollute(v.) 污染，弄脏 polluted(adj) 受污染的5. (P50)Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.play a part in doing sth. 对有影响 = play a role in sth.part: 部分；零件；器官 some parts of the machine 机器的一些零件some parts of the body 身体的一些器官 参加；参与 = take part in He had no part in the decision. 他没有参与这项决定6.(P50)Will people use money in 100 years?in+一段时间：在之后（多用于一般将来时）He will come back in two days. 他两天之后回来。in和after都可表示“在之后”，但用法有所不同。辨析：in与after（1）in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”，也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”，句中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态。如：He will be back in two days. 他两天以后回来。（2）after常常指以过去时间为起点的“在一段时间之后”，所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后，或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时，它可以与将来时态连用。如：He started on Sunday and arrived in Beijing after three days.他星期天动身，3天之后到达北京。Ill be free after Friday. 我星期五之后有空。Hell be free after three oclock. 他3点之后回来。7.(P52)Ill fly rockets to the moon. = Ill go to the moon by rocket.fly: (n)苍蝇(v)（鸟、飞机等）飞 I want to fly up into the sky. 使（飞机等）飞行 Ill fly (the spaceship) to other planets. （头发、旗帜）飘扬 The flag is flying in the wind. （时间）飞逝 Time flies when Im reading a book.8.(P53)They help with the housework and do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places.help with sth. 在某方面帮忙 help with the housework 帮忙做家务9.(P53)Today there are already robots working in factories.There is/are sb. doing sth. 有某人做某事。10.(P53)Some scientists believe that there will be more robots in the future.believe: believe sb. 相信某人believe in sth. 信仰，信赖belief(n.) 信念，信仰believe it or not. 信不信由你 11.(P53)However, they agree it may take hundreds of years.agree: agree to do sth. 同意做某事 agree with sb./opinion 同意某人/观点 sb. agree on sth. 某人就达成协议hundreds/thousands/millions of+n. 成百上千的数字+hundred/thousand/million+n. 几百12.(P53)Computers and rockets also seemed impossible 100 years ago.seem to do sth 好像做某事 I seem to know him. 我好像认识他。seem (to be)+形容词：好像怎么样 He seems (to be) angry. 他好像生气了。13.(P53) These new robots will have many different shapes. shape: in shape形状；外形 the shape of the leaf在形状上 The building are similar in shape.健康的 He exercises every day to keep in shape. out of shape不成形的 His old coat is out of shape.身体状况不佳的 He is out of shape these days.14.(P53)If buildings fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for people under the building. fall: (n.)秋天 = autumn(v)落下，掉落 The rains began to fall again.(v)（价格、温度、声音等）下降 The temperature fell to below 0C.变为（某状态） fall asleep 睡着 fall ill 生病fall down 跌倒，（物）坍塌fall off 从上落下；（物）脱落fall into 掉入，落入fall over 被绊倒 He fall over a stone.fall behind 落后fall in love with 爱上15.(P55)I think Ill live an apartment with my best friends, because I dont like living alone. alone: a