分析化学考研面试问题.doc

药物分析实验典型问题1、 鉴别检查在药品质量控制中的意义及一般杂质检查的主要项目是什么? What are the purposes of drug identification and test? What are the usual items of drug tests?.2、 比色比浊操作应遵循的原则是什么? What are the standard operation procedures for the clarity test?3、 试计算葡萄糖重金属检查中标准铅溶液的取用量。How much of the lead standard solution should be taken for the limit test for heavy metals in this experiment?4、 古蔡氏试砷法中所加各试剂的作用与操作注意点是什么? What precautions should be taken for the limit test for arsenic(Appendix VIII J， method 1)? And what is the function for each of the test solutions added?5、 根据样品取用量、杂质限量及标准砷溶液的浓度，计算标准砷溶液的取用量。Figure out the amount of the arsenic standard solution that should be taken for the limit test for arsenic(Appendix VIII J， method 1) (0.0001%) in this experiment with the specified quantity of 2.0 g of sample.6、 炽灼残渣测定的成败关键是什么？什么是恒重？What is the key step during the determination of residue on ignition? What does ignite or dry to constant weight mean?7、 盐酸普鲁卡因的鉴别原理是什么？What are the principles of the identification of Procaine Hydrochloride.8、 盐酸普鲁卡因注射液中为什么要检查对氨基苯甲酸？Why is the limit of 4-aminobenzoic acid tested for Procaine Hydrochloride?9、 薄层色谱法检查药物中有关物质的方法通常有哪几种类型?本实验属于哪种?与其它方法有何异同点? How many kinds of the limit tests for related compounds are there? What are the differences between them? Which one is used for the limit test of 4-amino-benzoic acid in Procaine Hydrochloride Injection?10、 醋酸氢化可的松的鉴别原理是什么？What are the principles of the identification of hydrocortisone acetate?11、 甾体激素中“其它甾体”检查的意义和常用方法是什么？What are the commonly used method for and the significance of the limit test for other steroids for the steroidal drugs?12、 哪类甾体激素可与四氮唑蓝产生反应，是结构中的何种基团参与了反应，反应式是什么？What kind of steroidal drugs can react with the alkaline tetrazolium blue TS? What is the chemical reaction equation?13、 氯贝丁酯的鉴别原理是什么？What are the principles of the identification of clofibrate?14、 氯贝丁酯中为什么要检查对氯酚？其方法及原理是什么？Why is the limit of p-Chlorophenol tested for clofibrate? What kind of method is employed for the test and what is the principle?15、 气相色谱法检查杂质有哪些方法，试比较各种方法的特点？How many types of methods are there for the test of related compounds by the gas chromatography? What are the differences between them?16、 抗生素类药物的鉴别和检查有何特点？What are the characteristics for the identification and tests of antibiotics?17、 钠盐的焰色反应应注意什么？What precautions should be taken during the flame reaction of sodium salts?18、 本品吸收度检查的意义是什么？What is the purpose of the light absorption tests for benzylpenicillin sodium?19、 药物晶型测定的常用方法有哪些，各有什么特点？What are the commonly used methods for the test of polymorphism? And what are the characteristics of each of them?20、 吸收系数测定方法与要求？What are the standard operation procedures for the establishment of specific absorbance?21、 写出异烟肼与溴酸钾的滴定反应式和滴定度的计算过程。What are the chemical reaction equations and the equivalent relationship for the assay of isoniazid by the method of potassium bromate (0.01667 mol/L) VS titration.22、 当游离肼不合格时，对测定有何影响？If the test for the free hydrazine does not comply， what will happen to the results of the assay of isoniazid by the potassium bromate titration?23、 葡萄糖旋光度法测定含量时，为什么要加氨试液并放置后进行测定？Why should the ammonia TS be added to the solution which is then allowed to stand for 10 minutes in the assay of glucose by the method of optical rotation?24、 推算出旋光度法测定葡萄糖含量时的计算系数2.0852；Figure out the coefficient of 2.0852 in the calculation of the glucose content in the assay of glucose by the method of optical rotation.25、 写出剩余碘量法测定葡萄糖化学反应过程。Figure out the chemical reaction equations and the equivalent relationship for the assay of glucose by the method of iodine titration.26、 哪些巴比妥药物能用银量法进行含量测定？为什么？What kind of barbitals can be assayed by the potentiometric titration with silver nitrate?27、 水溶液银量法电位滴定中采用的电极系统是什么？What type of electrode pairs should be used for the potentiometric titration with silver nitrate?28、 写出高氯酸滴定硫酸奎尼丁的滴定反应式并计算滴定度？Figure out the chemical reaction equation of Quinidine Sulfate with perchloric acid and the equivalent relationship.29、 非水滴定法中常见酸根的影响如何消除？How to circumvent the interferences of other acid during the non-aqueous titration of basic drugs with perchloric acid?30、 非水滴定的注意事项有哪些？常用终点指示方法是什么？What precautions should be taken during the non-aqueous titration? What are the commonly used methods for the end-point indicating during the titration?31、 写出亚硝酸钠滴定盐酸普鲁卡因的滴定反应式并计算滴定度？Figure out the chemical reaction equation of Procaine Hydrochloride with sodium nitrite and the equivalent relationship.32、 亚硝酸钠滴定的适用范围是什么？注意事项有哪些？常用终点指示方法有哪些？What type of compounds may be assayed with the dead-stop titration by sodium nitrite? What precautions should be taken in the dead-stop titration? What other end-point indicating methods are there? 33、 氧瓶燃烧操作的注意事项有哪些？ What precautions should be taken to conduct the oxygen flask combustion method?34、 如何选择氧瓶燃烧法的吸收溶液？How to select the absorbing liquid for the oxygen flask combustion method?35、 氧瓶燃烧法在药物分析中的主要应用有哪些？What are the major applications of the oxygen flask combustion method in the analysis of drugs?36、 为什么供肌内注射用肌甘注射液含量测定时必须先进行纸色谱分离？Why is the paper chromatographic separation used for the assay of intramascular injection of inosine? 37、 本测定法平行试验相对误差的限度应该小于多少？What is the requirement of the precision of the assay of inosine for intramascular injection?38、 各国药典中维生素A的含量测定为什么都采用分光光度方法？ Why are the spectrophotometric assay method used for the assay of Vitamin A in all the pharmacopoeias?39、 试推导出各种不同情况下维生素A含量测定的计算式。Figure out all the equations for the calculation of the content of Vitamin A40、 气相色谱测定维生素E含量时为什么使用内标法？Why is the internal reference standard method employed for the assay of Vitamin E by GC?41、 试述气相色谱法的特点及分析适用范围。Give an explanation of the features and applications of GC method?42、 维生素E含量测定的其它方法有哪些？各有什么特点？What other methods are there for the assay of Vitamin E?43、 阿司匹林原料药物与及阿司匹林肠溶片在质量检验方面有哪些不同之处？为何不同？What is the difference between the assay of aspirin and its enteric-coated tablets?44、 阿司匹林肠溶片释放度检查中为什么要更换溶剂？Give an explanation of the purpose of the solvent changing during the drug release test of aspirin enteric-coated tablets.45、 氢溴酸东莨菪碱的鉴别原理是什么？What are the chemical reaction characteristics of tropane alkaloids?46、 氢溴酸东莨菪碱片含量测定的方法与原理是什么？What kind of method is employed for the assay of scopolamine hydrobromide tablets?47、 氢溴酸东莨菪碱片含量均匀度检查的意义是什么？Why is the content uniformity tested for the scopolamine hydrobromide tablets?48、 本品中甲苯咪唑的含量为什么可以用分光光度法测定？Why can the content of mebendazole of this compound tablet be assayed by the spectrophotometric method? 49、 本品中盐酸左旋咪唑含量测定时，为什么甲苯咪唑没有干扰？Why does mebendazole not interfere with the titration of levamisole hydrochloride in chloroform?50、 分别说明本品中磺胺甲噁唑和甲氧苄啶双波长法含量测定时波长选择的依据；Give an explanation of the basis of the wavelength selection for the determination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim， respectively.51、 为何甲氧苄啶含量测定时供试液的稀释倍数与磺胺甲噁唑测定时的要不同？Why is the more diluted solution used for the assay of trimethoprim than that for sulfamethoxazole?52、 本品HPLC法检验色谱系统适用性试验有什么意义？What is the system suitability test of the HPLC method? Give an explanation of the importance of the system suitability test of the HPLC method during the assay and the test of related substances.53、 药品含量以干燥品计算或无水物计算有何不同？What is the difference between the contents of drugs when it is calculated on the anhydrous basis and on the dried basis?54、 写出盐酸克仑特中2，4-二硝基苯肼鉴定的化学反应式。What are the complete chemical processes of the identification of clenbuterol hydrochloride by 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine.55、 盐酸克仑特中总氯量测定的滴定方法是什么？滴定过程中加硝基苯并强力振摇的目的是什么？What kind of titration method is employed for the total chloride test for clenbuterol hydrochloride? What is the purpose of the addition of 3 ml of nitrobenzene and shaking vigorously?56、 盐酸克仑特含量测定采用的永停滴定法的原理是什么？有哪些注意事项？ What is the principle of potentio-metric titration for the assay of clenbuterol hydrochloride? What precautions should be taken during the titration?57、 试述抗生素药物有关物质检查的意义？What is the importance of the test of related substances for antibiotics.58、 头孢克洛水分测定的意义？What is the purpose for the test and control of water content for antibiotics?59、 抗生素药物含量或效价测定的方法有哪些？各有什么特点？What other methods are there for the assay of antibiotics? Give an explanation of the characteristics of each method.60、 槐花的主要化学成分有哪些？What kind of chemicals are there in the Flos Sophorae?61、 药材浸出测定方法中，冷浸法与热浸法各有什么特点？水浸出物与醇浸出物有什么区别？What is the difference between the hot and cold extraction methods as described under the determination of extractives？What is the difference between the ethanol-soluble and water-soluble extractives？62、 槐花与镁粉-盐酸反应鉴别的化合物的类别是什么？反应原理是什么？What kind of compounds are identified by the color reaction with a small quantity of magnesium powder and 23 drops of hydrochloric acid？What are the reaction processes？63、 槐花比色法含量测定的原理是什么？先加乙醚加热回流提取的目的是什么？ What is the principle of the photometric assay of this drug？What is the purpose of the Soxhiets extraction with ether？64、 石菖蒲的主要化学成分有哪些？What kinds of components are there in the volatile oil obtained under the Assay?65、 石菖蒲挥发油用甲法进行测定；若用乙法测定须加入二甲苯1.0ml，其目的是什么？The first method for the determination of volatile oil is employed for the assay. What is the purpose for the addition of 1.0 ml of xylene if the second method was employed? 66、 供挥发油测定用的供试品，须粉碎使能通过二号至三号筛，为什么？What should be done to the drug before the determination of volatile oil?67、 中成药含量测定及鉴别试验中检测对象的选择原则有哪些？本品为什么选择丹皮酚和熊果酸进行含量测定？Why are paeonol and ursolic acid selected for the assay of this drug? What is the principle for the assay and identification of traditional Chinese materia medica?68、 熊果酸含量薄层扫描法测定时，用10%硫酸乙醇喷雾显色后，薄层板上为什么要覆盖同样大小的玻璃板？Why should the plate be covered with a glass plate of the same size and fixed up with adhesive plaster in the assay of ursolic acid, after spraying with 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 for 57 minutes to the spots clear69、 在中成药及中药材的薄层色谱鉴别中何时采用对照药材法？When should the refere