高中英语句型归纳PPT课件.ppt

高中英语句型归纳 1 bedoing beabouttodo haddone when when 这时 强调一个动作的突然发生 1 Iwaswalkingalongtheriver whenIheardadrowningboycryforhelp 2 Iwasabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain 3 Ihadjustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang announcingtheexamwasover 1 2 Itwas not 时间段 before 一般过去时过了一段时间就 Itwill not be 时间段 before 一般现在时要过一段时间才会 Itis hasbeen 时间段 since Itwas 点时间 when Itwas 时间状语 that 强调句 2 1 Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition 不久他就意识到他处境危险 动作已发生 2 Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromtheschool 还有半年你才从这个学校毕业 动作未发生 3 Itis3yearssinceheworkedhere helefthere since从句中的谓语动词若是延续性动词 要从这个动作结束的时候算起 4 Itwas3o clockwhentheyreceivedthetelephone 5 Itwasat3o clockthattheyreceivedthetelephone 3 3 no比较级than A与B都不 仅仅 只有not比较级than A不如B 不超过 至多more than 与其 倒不如 notas so as morethan notonly不仅仅 1 HeworksnoharderthanI 他和我都不用功2 Hedoesn tworkharderthanI 他不如我用功3 Therearenomorethansevenpeopleintheroom 屋里仅有七个人 4 4 Therearenotmorethansevenpeopleintheroom 屋里至多有七个人5 Heismorediligentthanclever 与其说他聪明 倒不如说他勤奋 Heisnotas socleverasdiligent 6 Itismorelikeameetingthanlikeaparty Itisnotasapartyasameeting7 Mr Zhangismorethanmyteacher heisalsomybestfriend 张先生不仅仅是我的老师 他还是我的朋友 5 4 once 一旦 表示时间和条件1 Onceyouunderstandwhattheteacherexplained youwillhavenodifficultydoingthework 2 Onceyouhavedecidedtodosomething youshouldfinishitanddoitwell 5 The 比较级 the 比较级 越 越 1 Themorebooksyouread themoreknowledgeyouwillget 2 Thebusierheis thehappierhefeels 6 6 asif asthough 表示与事实相反 用虚拟 若表示即将成为事实或有可能成为事实 则用陈述语气 1 Hewasingreattrouble butheactedasifnothinghadhappened 2 Althoughtheyjustmetforthefirsttime theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears3 Thecloudsaregathering Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain 7 7 n adj adv v as though 主语 谓语 尽管 引导让步状语从句1 ChildasIam IalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow 2 Tryashemight hecouldn tsolvetheproblem 3 MuchasIrespecthim Ican tagreewithhisidea 8 whether or 无论是 还是 1 Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad theywillsetoffastheyplanned 2 Anyperson whetheryoungorold hashisownworth 8 9 疑问词 ever nomatter 疑问词 引导让步状语从句或名词性从句1 Whichever Nomatterwhich youlike youcantakeitaway 让步状语从句 Youcantakeawaywhichever anyonethat youlike 名词性从句 2 Wheneveryoucomes youwillbewelcome 让步状语从句 3 Whateverhappens Iwillsupportyou 让步状语从句 4 Whoeverbreaksthelaw hewillcertainlybepunished 让步状语从句 Whoeverbreaksthelawwillcertainlybepunished 名词性从句 5 Howevergreatthedifficultyis wecanovercomeit 让步状语从句 9 10 if aslongas solongas providingthat providedthat supposingthat onconditionthat假如 1 Iwilllendyoumoneyonconditionthatyoucanreturnitwithin3months 11 giventhat consideringthat考虑到 鉴于 1 Givenherinterestinchildren Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren I msureteachingistherightcareerforher 2 Consideringhisageandhisexperience hehasdonewell 10 12 incasethat incaseof 万一 以防 1 Incaseoffire pleasedial119atonce 2 IncasethatJohncomes Johnshouldcome tellhimtowait 13 祈使句 or otherwise 结果句或祈使句 and 结果句1 Stopdoingsuchfoolishthing oryouwillbepunishedintime 2 Moreeffort andtheproblemwouldhavebeensettled 3 Thinkitover andyouwillfindtheanswer 11 14 so such that 引导结果状语从句时须注意 1 当名词前many much little few有修饰时 用so不用such因为此时的中心词不再是名词 而是many much little few这些表示数量的词 1 Thewesternerseatsomuchfatandsugarthattheyputonweighteasily 2 Therearesofewfishinthelakethatwecouldn tfishthemeasily 12 2 当名词是单数可数名词 前面又由adj 修饰时 注意冠词的位置 即so adj a n n或such a n adj n1 Heissuchanhonestperson sohonestapersonthatyoucandependonhimwhenyouareintrouble 3 当so such引导的部分位于句首时 主句要用部分倒装结构1 Suchgreatprogresshashemadeinhisstudiesthatwealladmirehim 4 当主从句主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换 即变成so such astodo结构 1 Thewesternerseatsomuchfatandsugarastoputonweighteasily 13 15 sothat引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句 1 sothat引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用 inorderthat 当主从句主语一致时可转换为soastodo inordertodo 1 Heturneduptheradioalittlesothathecouldhearthenewsclearly Heturneduptheradioalittlesoastohearthenewsclearly 2 Heclosedallthewindowswhiledrivingsothatheshouldn tcatchcold 否定句中情态动词用shouldn t 2 sothat引导结果状语从句一般不与情态动词连用1 Heturneduptheradioalittlesothatheheardthenewsclearly 14 16 cannever can t与too toomuch enough over 搭配表示 无论怎样 都不过分 1 Whileyouaredoingyourhomework youcan tbecarefulenough 2 Heissuchagreatmanthatwecan tpraisehimtoomuch 3 WilliamHartleywashandsome determinedandhardworking inaword Icouldn tspeaktoohighlyofhim 4 ThedevelopmentofsocietyhasmadeitnecessaryforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish sowecan toveremphasizetheimportanceoflearningEnglish 5 Sinceitisagoodthing wecan tdoittoosoon 15 17 不定式作主语 it作形势主语 It 系动词 adj n forsb todo forsb 表示动词不定式动作的执行者 It 系动词 adj ofsb todo ofsb 既表示动词不定式动作的执行者有表示人所具备的性质或特征 1 It simportantforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish 2 Howrudeofhimtotreatachildlikethat 3 It sthoughtfulofhimtofixusupforthenight 16 18 不定式作宾语 it作形势宾语 主语 think consider believe make feel it adj n forsb ofsb todo1 Ifeelitfoolishofhimtobelievesuchaman 2 Thetimelyrainhadmadeitpossibleforthecropstogrowwell 19 won t can thavesb doing done不能容忍某行为发生1 Youaretoorude andIwon thaveyouspeakingtoMotherlikethatagain 2 Wecan thaveanythingdoneagainsttheschoolrules 17 20 Itissaid thought hoped believed that Sb issaid thought hoped believedtodo 1 Itissaidthatheisstudyingabroad Heissaidtobestudyingabroad 2 ItisconsideredthatmanycountrieshighlyvalueChina sroleinhelpingworld speace ManycountriesisconsideredtohighlyvalueChina sroleinhelpingworld speace 18 21 表示过去原打算干 却未曾实现的愿望 打算或意图 1 hadhopedtodo hopedtohavedone 类似的词还有 expect think intend design plan mean suppose等 2 wouldlike prefer lovetohavedone 3 was weretohavedone 4 was weresupposedtohavedone1 Didyougotoseethefilm Titanic lastnight I dliketohave butIhadanunexpectedguest 2 Theplanewastohavetakeoffat7thismorning butwasheldupbytheheavyfog 19 22 Howdidsbcometodo Howcomethat 为什么会 是怎么回事 表示要求对所发生的事情说明理由或做出解释1 Howdidyoucometofindoutwhereshe sliving Howcomethatyoufoundout 你是怎么打听到她住在哪儿的 2 Howcomethatyousatthere doingnothing 为什么坐在那儿什么也不干 3 Howdidhecometobesofoolish 20 23 Itis not likesb todo 不 像某人的所作所为1 It slikehimtoanswerforwhathehasdone 敢对自己的行为负责 这是他的一贯作风2 It snotlikehimtohavebeensorudetohismother 24 whenitcomesto 当谈到或涉及到 1 Heisamanoffewwords butwhenitcomestoplayingcomputer hewillbeexcitedandfullofenergy 2 Whenitcomestohelpinghiswifewiththehousework Johnnevercomplains 21 25 everytime eachtime nexttime thefirsttime anytime等短语引导时间状语从句 表示 每当 每次 下次 1 Everytimeyoumeetwithnewwordswhilereading don talwaysrefertoyourdictionary Whenyoumeetwithnewwordseverytime 2 Nexttimeyoucome doremembertobringyoursonhere 3 Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto 22 26 Thereis no needtodo for Itis not necessaryforsb todo Thereis no hope chance possibilityofdoing Thereis no difficulty trouble point delay in doing1 Isthereanychanceofus ourwinningthematch 2 Thereisnopointindiscussingtheproblemagain 23 27 Itisuptosb todosth 应由某人来做某事 1 Whenshallwestartout It suptoyoutodecide 2 It suptoyoutobabysitmysonwhileIamawayonbusiness 28 beuptosth 忙于 从事 胜任 1 Johnisn treallyuptothatjob 约翰不适合干那项工作2 Whathaveyoubeenuptorecently 最近你一直在忙些什么 24 29 Itistimetodo Itistimethat 主语 动词的一般过去式该是做 的时候了Itistimethatweendedthediscussion 30 it强调句 1 基本构成形式 Itis was 被强调部分 who that 原句剩余部分e g Imethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon ItwasIwho thatmethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon 强调是我 不是别人 Itwashimwho thatImetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon 强调我遇见的是他 不是别人 25 ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterdayafternoon 强调是在大街上 不是在别的地方 强调的是地点 但不用where ItwasyesterdayafternoonthatImethiminthestreet 强调是昨天下午 不是在别的时候 强调的是时间 但不用when 2 强调句的一般疑问句 Is Wasit 被强调部分 who that 原句剩余部分 26 3 强调句的特殊疑问句 What When Where Who How is wasit who that 原句剩余部分1 Whowasitthat whoyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon Tellmewhoitwasthat whoyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon 31 do did does用于强调谓语动词 加强语气1 Heisagoodstudent Hedoesbeagoodstudent2 Hehelpedusyesterday Hedidhelpusyesterday 3 Becareful Dobecareful 27 32 Therebe句型 1 therebe之后如有几个并列主语 be动词的选择要取决于第一个主语 即就近原则 1 Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk 2 Therebe句型中 be动词还有其他变化形式 常见的有 Thereseemstobe Therehappenstobe Thereusedtobe Thereislikelytobe Therehavebeen hasbeen等 28 1 Thereseems appearstobemuchhopeofourteamwinningthematch 2 TherehappenedtobenobodyintheroomwhenIcamein 3 Therehavebeengreatchangesinmyhometownsince1978 4 Thereusedtobeabusstationatthecornerofthestreet 5 Therearelikelytobemoredifficultiesthanexpectedwhilewearecarryingouttheplan 29 3 Therebe句型的独立主格结构作状语 有连词 用句子 没有连词 用独立结构 1 Therebeingnobuses wehadtowalkhome Becausetherewerenobuses wehadtowalkhome 2 Therehavingbeennorainforalongtime thecropsinthefielddied Becausetherehadbeennorainforalongtime thecropsinthefielddied 30 4 Therebe句型的非谓语形式 1 Idon twanttheretobeanymisunderstandingbetweenus 2 Weexpecttheretobeachanceofstudyingabroad 3 Itisusualfortheretobeagenerationgapbetweenparentsandchildren 31 33 not never until直到 才1 Thevillagersdidn trealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilallthefishdiedintheriver Itwasnotuntilallthefishdiedintheriverthatthevillagersrealizedhowseriousthepollutionwas 强调句 Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas 倒装 32 2020 1 7 33 34 notonly but also 1 引导并列结构 主语时 谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致 1 Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentshavetheireyesexaminedregularly Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherhashiseyesexaminedregularly 2 Theysuggestedweshouldnotonlyattendtheparty butgiveaperformance Theysuggestedweshouldgiveaperformanceaswellasattendtheparty 34 2 notonly but also 引导并列句时 notonly引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装1 Notonlywaseverythinghehadtakenaway butalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenaway 2 Notonlyshouldwestudentsstudyhard butalsoweshouldknowhowtoenjoyourselvesinoursparetime 35 35 prefertodoAratherthandoB 两者相比 愿意干A而不愿意干B wouldratherdoAthandoB1 Iprefertostayathomeratherthangototheparkinsuchweather 2 Ratherthanrideonacrowdedbus healwaysprefertorideabicycle 36 36 wouldrather 从句 从句要用虚拟语气 即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式 表示现在或将来的愿望 从句中谓语动词用过去完成时 表示对过去的愿望 1 I dratheryoupostedtheletterrightnow 我想让你现在就把信寄出去 2 Afriendofyourswillcometoseeyoutoday 你的一位朋友今天要来看你 I dratherhecameheretomorrow 我倒情愿他明天来 3 I dratheryouwerenotacelebratedactor Inthatcase wecouldspendmoretimetogether 我倒情愿你不是什么名演员 这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起 37 4 I dratherIhadn tseenheryesterday 我情愿昨天没见到她 37 不能用wouldrathersb do 更愿让某人干某事 的形式 可转化为wouldratherhavesbdo或转化为wouldrather 从句1 Whowouldyourather withtheteacherabouttheproblem A talkingB talkC havetalkedD havetalk答案 D 38 38 so neither nor引导的倒装句 1 表示 另一者也如此 及前者的情况也适用于后者 用so neither nor引导的倒装句 助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词 1 Hehasfinishedhishomework sohaveI 2 Mysisterpreferscoffee sodoI 3 Johncan trideabicycle neither norcanI 4 Ifhebuysthebook sowillhisclassmates 39 2 若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时 或谓语动词不属于一类时 用Itis wasthesamewithsb 或Soitis waswithsb 1 Heisaworkerandheworkshard soitiswithJohn 3 若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可 则主语和谓语不倒装 1 Itiscoldtoday Yes Soitis2 HevisitedTokyolastweek Yes Sohedid 40 39 倍数表达法 1 A 谓语 倍数 the n size height length ofB 2 A 谓语 倍数 as abj asB 3 A 谓语 倍数 adj 比较级 thanB A 谓语 adj 比较级 thanB by 倍数1 Thissquareistwicethesizeofthatone Thissquareistwiceaslargeasthatone Thissquareistwicelargerthanthatone 2 Thisfactoryproducedthreetimesasmanycarsastheydid10yearsago 3 Heis3yearsolderthanI HeisolderthanIby3years 41 40 sb spendmoney timeonsth indoingsthsb paymoney tosb forsth sth costsb money timeIttakessb sometimetodosth 1 ThetimehespendswatchingTVisasmuchashedoesdoinghishomework 2 Themp3 forwhichhepaidonly 150provedtobeuseful 3 Thenaughtyboycosthismothermanysleeplessnights 42 41 当all each both every基every each的复合词语否定词连用时 为部分否定 并非都 1 Notallofthemwenttothepartylastnight Allofthemdidn tgotothepartylastnight 2 Bothoftheanswersarenotright Onlyoneofthetwoanswersisright 3 Wecouldn teatintherestaurant because ofushad money A all noB all anyC none anyD none no答案 C 43 42 as with表示 随 进展 as后面接句子 with后面接短语1 Withtheindustrydeveloping thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious Astheindustrydevelops thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious 44 43 Onlyif与Ifonly 1 Onlyif if 引导条件状语从句1 OnlyifIlendyouahand I msureIcanfinishitontime 2 Ifonly HowIwish 引导的句子用虚拟语气 表示难以实现的愿望 Ifonly HowIwish主语 情态动词 V 谓语动词的动作在wish之后进行 主语 动词的一般过去式 谓语动词的动作与wish同时进行 主语 haddone 谓语动词的动作在wish之前进行 45 1 Ifonlywedidn thavesomanyexamines 2 Ifonlyhecouldcometomorrow 3 IfonlyIhadn tmadesomanymistakes 3 Hecouldn tworkoutasingleproblemwhenhewasintheexamhall Howhewishedheknewalltheanswers Hecouldn tworkoutasingleproblemwhenhewasintheexamhall Howhewishedhehadstudiedhardbefore 46 44 with的复合结构 作状语或作定语 1 with n n with可以省略 1 Theworkforceismadeupof400workers with mostofthemwomen mostofwhomarewomen andmostofthemarewomen 2 with n adj with可以省略 1 With thestreetwetandslippery wehadtorideourbikesslowlyandcarefully Becausethestreetwerewetandslippery 47 2 Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher with theireyeswideopen Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher andtheireyeswerewideopen 3 with n adv with可以省略 1 Heputonhiscoathurriedly with thewrongsideout 4 with n prep phrase with可以省略 1 Theoldmanwasseatedinthesofa with apipeinhismouth Also pipeinmouth 48 5 with n todo tobedone 动词不定式的动作还未进行 with n doing beingdone 动词不定式的动作正在进行 with n done 动词不定式的动作已经完成或指n 所处的状态 1 Withsomanyproblemstosettle thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardyear 2 Hewaslyinginbed withhiseyesfixedontheceiling3 Withthetemplebeingrepaired wecan tvisitedit 49 45 以here there in out up down等副词开头的倒装句 多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作 1 Herecomesthebus Thebusiscominghere 2 Awayhewent 他走远了 若主语是代词则主语与谓语不倒装 46 方位状语位于句首时的倒装句1 Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar 2 Underthetreesataboy withabookinhishand 50 48 themoment theminute immediately directly ondoing 表示 一 就 1 Onarriving hisarrival attheairport hewassurroundedbythereporters 2 HaveyougiveJohnthebook Yes themomentIsawhim 49 ratherthan1 Itisbettertoaskforhelpatthebeginningratherthantowaituntilabusyperiodwheneveryoneisrushedofftheirfeet 2 Itisthebosswhoistoblameratherthantheworkers 51 52 onemoment andnow 刚才还 现在却 1 Onemomentthetwoboyswereplaying andnowtheyarequarrelling 2 Onemomentitwasfine andnowitisraining 52 53 of n 表示某物具备某种性质或特征1 NewZealandwineisofhighqualityandissoldallovertheworld 2 Theyareofthesameheight 3 Coinsareofdifferentsizes weights shapesandofdifferentmetals 4 Sportsandgamesareofgreatvalueforchildren sstudy 53 54 only 状语的结构放在句首 主句要部分倒装1 Theteachertoldmethatonlyinthatway couldIlearnEnglishwell 2 Ireceivedmymother scallat11a m onlythendidIrememberitwasmybirthdaytoday 54 55 Whatdoyouthinkof 这三个句式用来询问某人对某个事物的评价或看法 Howdoyoufind 其回答应该是评价性的话语 Howdoyoulike 1 Howdoyoufindthefilmlastnight Ihaveneverseenaworseonebefore 55 57 虚拟语气中的重点句型 1 If were did 动词过去式 主语 情态动词 would could might should do 用来表示对现在情况的假设 1 Idon thaveacellphone IfIhadone itwouldbeconvenientformetocontractothers 56 2 If haddone 过去完成式 主语 情态动词 would could might should havedone 用来表示对过去情况的假设 1 IfIhadgonetotheconcert Iwouldhaveseenthefamoussinger 3 If were did 动词过去式 主语 情态动词 would could might should doweretodoshoulddo 用来表示对将来情况的假设 1 IfIwerenottotake shouldtake tooktheexamtomorrow Iwouldgoshoppingwithyou 57 4 虚拟语气条件句的倒装 在虚拟语气条件句中 如果出现助动词were should had 可省略if 把这些词提到主语前面 变成倒装句 1 Shouldheactlikethatagain hewouldbefined Ifheshouldactlikethatagain Werehetoactlikethatagain hewouldbefined Ifheweretoactlikethatagain Ifheactedlikethatagain 不可以倒装 2