高中英语重难点归纳.doc

高中英语重难点归纳情态动词（语气或者表推断），冠词和数词（比较级，最高级），不定代词也要掌握虚拟语气（一般考动词的正确时态）。名词性从句和形容词性从句（一般考引导词）。副词性从句强调句和it的用法（判断强调句选出正确的代词）倒装句（谓语的正确形式）完全倒装不完全倒装省略句7被动句定语从句和状语从句（引导词的区别及运用） 主谓一致常考难题时态语态，。非谓语的考察（难）知识要点：形容词或副词形容词或副词在浙江英语高考卷中考到三次。对于形容词和副词，学生首先应该掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。热点预测：学生重要掌握两个即可：一是在下面这些半系动词sound，taste，smell，look，feel，seem，appear，stand，fall，remain，keep，get，grow，become，turn等后面常跟形容词作表语。二是掌握名词前多个形容词的顺序问题，一般表主观形容词，如新旧大小长短是否漂亮这些形容词在前，表客观形容词，如颜色材料质地本质形容词在后面。知识要点：替代词的用法为使表达简洁明了，我们常用 it，one，ones，that，those 等替代词来替代前面已经出现的名词。从近几年的高考英语情况来看，考查替代词的用法和区别一直是一个热点。用法指南：1)替代泛指的单数名词，通常用 one。2)替代特指的单数名词，可用 it，that，the one。(替代不可数名词时，不能用 the one，而要用 it 或 that。替代人时，或有前置定语或后置定语修饰时，只能用 the one。)3)替代泛指的复数名词，通常用 ones。4)替代特指的复数名词，通常用 the ones。知识要点：what的用法What 在代词中属难掌握的词汇之一，也是高考英语的重量级词汇。一方面由于该结构及意义表现出明显的汉英差异;另一方面，高考在命题时不断使题干结构复杂化，这在很大程度上增加了题目的难度。热点预测：What 用在主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句中应充当成分，做主语、宾语或表语等, 但是不能用在定语从句中。知识要点；虚拟语气虚拟语气在非真实条件句中从句主句例句与现在事实相反的假设If + 主语+助动词的过去式（were, did, had）主语+ should/would/could/might+动词原形If I had time, I would attend the meeting.If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad.与过去事实相反的假设If +主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might +have+过去分词If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.与将来事实相反的假设 If+主语+动词过去式 If+主语+were to+动词原形 If+主语+should+动词原形(注意不能是would)主语+ should/would/could/might+动词原形If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.If it were to rain tomorrow, we would put off the sports meeting.If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday.虚拟语气(2)虚拟语气在名词从句中1.在由suggest, demand, require, request, insist, order, command, propose等表示建议、请求、命令、愿望等动词或其同根词引出的名词从句中，名词从句虚拟句的谓语变化的形式只有一条规律名词从句虚拟句无论其主句的谓语动词时何种形式，从句的谓语形式均为should+动词原形，其中should可以省去。（特别提醒：不是用would,而是用should。）常见的这类动词有: ask要求, advise, beg, suggest建议, command命令, demand要求，request请求, insist, require要求, order下令, propose, advice, recommend, intend, prefer宁愿, permit, persuade, expect, decide决定, instruct, object, determine, urge, appoint等等Our teacher suggested that we (should) not leave the classroom. 老师建议我们不要离开教室。He insisted that she do it right now. 他坚持她马上就做。在It is/was +上述动词的-ed形式+that从句中It is suggested by the doctor that I should give up smoking. 医生建议我戒烟。当上述动词以其名词形式出现，并且被用作主语，引导一个表语从句或者同位语从句时My suggestion is that we (should) set out tomorrow morning. 我建议我们明早动身。The suggestion that the sports meeting (should) put off 2. 在It is /was necessary, important等形容词+that从句中，常见的这类形容词有:necessary, important, essential, vital, advisable, urgent, desirable, natural, strange, imperative等It is necessary that you should attend the meeting. 你有必要参加会议。It is imperative that you arrive there in time. 你必须按时到达那儿。在It is a pity (a shame, no wonder)+that从句中It is a pity that you fail the exam.It is no wonder he be late for class.虚拟语气(3)虚拟语气的其他用法在wish后面的宾语从句中对现在的虚拟，从句的谓语动词用过去时I wish I were a little younger.我希望我能够年轻一点。对过去的虚拟，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时(had done)或“would/could+现在完成时”I wish I had been there. 我真希望我当时在那里。I wish I had not attended that party. 我真希望我当时没参加那个聚会。对将来的虚拟，从句的谓语用“would/could+动词原形”I wish he could explain what he means.在if only感叹句中表示“但愿”，“要是就好了”用法和wish基本相同，只是比wish具有更强烈的感情色彩。If only the rain would stop. (对将来的虚拟)但愿雨能停。If only I were taller. (对现在的虚拟)我的个子要是能高一点就好了。If only I had followed your advice! (对过去的虚拟)要是我听从了你的建议就好了！知识要点：定语从句关系词定语从句中的关系词只有两类：关系代词和关系副词；没有连词。也就是说，定语从句中的所有关系词不但都有具体的意义而且都在从句中担任一定的成分。1）关系代词：who（人） , whom（人宾语） , whose（人的） , which(人或物） , that （物）等。which,that 区别以及一些特殊情况。1) 知识要点：完形填空完形填空测试应试者在语篇上综合运用语言结构的能力。完形填空中所填的词是与文章的上下文紧密联系的。完形填空题不是语法填空题，而是要在把握整个语篇和具体语境中作出最佳选择。正确答案应从本句信息，文章前面部分谈到过的信息，文章后面即将谈到的信息及综合全文所得到的信息中寻找。（主要考察词义辨析以及上下文理解)知识要点：阅读理解做阅读选择题时，先看问题再阅读文章，这样带着问题阅读，不仅可以节约时间，而且阅读有的放矢。但要避免只看跟问题有关的部分而丧失整体观念，否则更容易错误。阅读理解考点主要集中在主旨大意题、事实细节题、推理判断题、生词猜测四大块。可采用概括段落大意;找主题句(文章的主题句, 及段落的主题