初中简单句.docx

园丁教育寒假资料第十三讲 简单句简单句的五种基本句型说明：S主语；V谓语；P表语；O宾语；O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语；C宾语补足语基本句型一： S十V主谓结构 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词， come, die, fall, rise,等等。如：The accident happened yesterday.基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构： adj修饰系动词be, look, seem, feel ,smell, taste, sound, get, grow, turn, go, 等等。如： Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer. 春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。如：I watched a movie yesterday.基本句型四: S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构，O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”，直接宾语常常指“物”。如：I buy you a gift. I buy a gift to you基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构请让孩子们安静下来。Keep the kids quiet, please.注意：动词feel.let.have.make.hear.listen to.look at.see.watch.notice等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀句子成分意义及位置充当词类例句主语The Subject表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。通常在句子前部。名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、短语或句子。We study in No. 17 middle school.Jim is an American boy.Two heads are better than one.谓语The Predicate说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。通常在主语后（除疑问、倒装句外）。由动词或动词词组充当。Time tries all thing.(时间检验一切）Lucy is dancing under the tree.Her parents are both workers.宾语The Object表示动作、行为的对象。在及物动词或介词后。同主语的充当词类Love me, love my dog. (爱屋及乌）These girls like English.Did you see him yesterday?表语The Predicate与系动词连用，一起构成谓语部分、说明主语的性质、特征。常在系动词之后。同主语的充当词类His father is a bus driver.My car is white.We were at school yesterday.Health is wealth. (健康就是财富。）定语The Attribute用来修饰名词或代词。单个词常在修饰的词前，短语或句子在被修饰的词之后。形、代、数、名、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语。The red one is mine.What is his name?A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患难见真情。）状语The Attribute修饰动词、形容词、副词，表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的、方式等。位置较灵活。通常由副词、介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。Our teacher works very hard.She often helps Mike.They had a meeting in Shanghai.宾语补足语The Object Complement宾语的补足语，逻辑上与宾语是“主谓”关系。在宾语后。由形容词、名词、介词短语等充当。We named the baby Lily.She made the room clean.同位语TheAppositive重复指代并进一步说明名词及名词性词语。在被修饰词后。名词、名词性短语、从句等。They all work hard.John, a friend of hers, has gone.句子成分分析：1. They work hard.( )2. Plants need water.( )3. The flower is so fresh.( )4. We should keep the plants in the shade.( )5. He gives me some seeds.( )6. The sun rises.( )7. I dont like basketball.( )8. Danny is tired.( )9. I read her a story.( )10. I helped her brush her teeth.( )11. They have been waiting there for hours。( )12. It is getting warmer and warmer.( )13. She brought me a shirt.( )14. He heard somebody opening the door.( )15. I have finished my homework.( )选择填空They had to do the homework yesterday, _? A. hadnt they B. didnt they C .had they D .did they You can see many birds in the sky, _?A. cant you B. do you C. dont you D. cant youYou dont go to school on Sundays, do you? _. A. Yes ,I do. B. Yes, I dont C. No, I dont D. No, I do.You didnt go to swim, did you? _.A. Yes, I do B. No, I didnt C. No, I did D. Yes, I didntI dont think you are busy, _?A. do I B. are you C. arent you D. dont I 6._did you write to your family when you were in America?A. How far B. How long C. How much D. How often7._ can I get to the theatre? A. How far B. How soon C. How long D. How much time8.Its_ in the western countries to ask about a womans age.A. polite B. not polite C. important D. Helpful9. “_ do you play football?” “Twice a week.” A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many10.Lets go for some tea, _? A. shall we B. will we C. do we D. dont we11.Here are three girls. _ ?A. Which girl is the bigger B. What girl is the biggerC. Which girl is the biggest D. What girl is the biggest12.I want to go shopping this afternoon. What about you?_. A. So did I B. So I did C. So I do D. So do I13.He goes to work by bus. _. A. So do I B. I so do C. I do so D. So am I14.You cant make faces in class. (改为祈使句) _ faces in class. A. Dont make B. Dont to makeC. Do makes D. Do not make15.The bat _ won the beasts. (改为否定句)A. didnt believe the birds would B. believed the birds would notC. didnt believe the birds would not D. dont believe the birds would16.The old man is blind. He _.A. can see something B. cant see something C. cant see anything D. can see anything17.Kate does her homework in the evening. (改为否定句) Kate _ her homework in the evening. A. does not does B. does not do C. do not do D. do not does18.“Why _ ask your teacher for _?” said her mother.A. dont , advice B. not , advicesC. not, advice D. not to, advice19.Oh, I _ he came here last week.A. dont know B. didnt know C. havent know D. hadnt know20.She was foolish to think like that. (改为感叹句) _ to think like that! A. What foolish was she B. What foolish she wasC. How foolish was shi D. How foolish she was21.Look! _ fine day it id today! A. What a B. What an C. What D. How22._ time we had last Sunday. A. How wonderful B. What wonderful C. How a wonderful D. What a wonderful23._ honest person he is! A. How an B. What an C. How a D. What a24.“_ today! Lets stay at home.” A. What cold it is B. What cold is itC. How cold is it D. How cold it is25.Your grandma likes watching TV, doesnt she?Yes. But she _ watching sports programs.A. likes B. doesnt like C. isnt like D. dont like26.How long _ you _ in this school?A. do, study B. have, studied C. are, studying句型转换：The headmaster worked very hard. He went on working throughout the night. The headmaster worked _ hard _ he went on working throughout the night.A large number of people in the world understand English. English _ _ by a large number of people in the world.We often watch TV in the evening. _ _ you often watch TV?My brother does morning exercises every day. (否定句) My brother _ _ morning exercises every day.The boy is drawing by the lake. _ _ the boy _?They built some new houses in the village. Some new houses _ _ by _ in the village.People play football throughout the world. _ _ _ throughout the world.Peter has lost his ticket for the concert. _ _ Peter _?He is our teacher. He is our friend, too. (合并为一句) He is _ _ our teacher _ _ our friend.The flowers are very beautiful. _ beautiful the flowers are!The Young Pioneers will plant a lot of trees next year. A lot of trees will _ _ _ the Young Pioneers next year.They had the meeting on Saturday. (否定句) They _ _ the meeting on Saturday.I saw somebody in the room just now. (否定句) I _ _ anybody in the room just now.It is a nice watch. (感叹句) _ _ nice watch it is!They played football on the playground yesterday. (否定句) They _ _ football on the playground yesterday.Our teacher is going to speak at the meeting. (一般疑问句) _ our teacher going to _ at the meeting.I dont like this coat. He doesnt like it, either. (合并为一句) Neither I _ he _ this coat.The boy is so young that he cant join the game team. The boy is _ young _ join the game tea