高中英语 破题致胜微方法（虚拟语气2）5 虚拟语气用在as if引导的状语从句中.doc

5虚拟语气用在as if引导的状语从句中 as if/though 意思是“好像.”,引导方式状语从句。在其引导的状语从句中，可以使用虚拟语气，也可以使用陈述语气。具体有什么区别，本节课我们一起来看一下。一. as if/though引导的从句使用陈述语气的情况若从句中的情形是根据现在的迹象作出的合理的推测，则用陈述语气。it is becoming dark. it looks as if its going to rain.天变黑了。似乎要下雨。this meat tastes as if it has already gone bad. 这肉吃起来似乎已经坏了。ill start back and leave you to the hearing. it looks as if it will be quite a production.我这就动身回去了，您一个人去参加听证会吧！看起来会有一场好戏。he sat rocking over the fire, as if he was in pain.他坐在火炉旁边摇来摆去，像是忍受着什么痛苦似的。二. as if/though引导的从句使用虚拟语气的情况1. 若从句中的内容与事实不符或相反，则使用虚拟语气。2. as if/though引导的从句使用虚拟语气的时态规则时间从句时态与现在事实相反did/were与过去事实相反had done与将来事实相反would/could doif a pencil is partly put into a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. ( 与现在事实相反)如果把一支铅笔放入一杯水中，它看起来好像是折了。the girl looked as if she had seen a ghost. ( 与过去事实相反)这个姑娘看起来像遇见了鬼一样。she opens her mouth as if she would say something. ( 与将来事实相反)她张了张嘴好像要说什么。he comported himself as if he had already been elected. ( 与过去事实相反)他表现出好像他已经当选了似的。suddenly a woman burst into his shed, as if she had been blown in. ( 与过去事实相反)突然一个女人闯进了他的小屋，犹如大风把她刮进来一般。三.典型例题1. the teacher treats the pupil as if he _ her own child.a. is b. wasc.could bed.were解题思路：根据语境判断as if后的从句是否需要使用虚拟语气；根据句子中的时间状语或已给动词的时态判断出虚拟语气的时间；根据as if 后从句虚拟语气的时态规则比对个选项。解析：由事实可知“学生不是老师的孩子”，所以as if后需要使用虚拟语气。 由主句的谓语动词treat可知虚拟的时间为现在，与现在事实相反，所以从句中的时态应该使用一般过去时，be动词无论主语为第几人称，都使用were. 因此答案为d。2. the two strangers talked as if they _good friends for many years.a. had beenb.have beenc. wered.would be解题思路：根据语境判断as if后的从句是否需要使用虚拟语气；根据句子中的时间状语或已给动词的时态判断出虚拟语气的时间；根据as if 后从句虚拟语气的时态规则比对个选项。解析：主句the two strangers talked告诉我们“这是两个陌生人”，所以可以推测出从句中“good friends for many years为很多年的好朋友”与事实相反，本题需要使用虚拟语气。虚拟的时间可以由主句的谓语动词talked得知为“过去”, 所以从句中应该使用过去完成时，答案为a。四.总结1.根据语境辨别出as if/though引导的从句是否需要使用虚拟语气。2.牢记as if/though引导的从句使用虚拟语气时的时态规则。时间从句时态与现在事实相反did/were与过去事实相反had done与将来事实相反would/could do3.由题干中的时间状语或主句的谓语动词时态判断虚拟的时间。五.真题演练1. 【2014重庆卷】it was john who broke the window. why are you talking to me as if i _ it?a.had doneb.have donec.didd.am doing2. the girl listened as if she _into a stone. a. had been turned b. have been turnedc. had turnedd. have turned3. 【2016北京卷】my grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _ hes in his nineties.a. as long asb. as ifc. even thoughd. in case4.补全对话 阅读下列各小题, 根据汉语提示, 用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子.1). 曾经有段时间我对英语感到厌烦, 并且经历了几次失败.(time)_i got tired of english and went through several failures.2). 充分利用每一个机会说英语在英语学习起了很重要的作用.(use)_ every opportunity to speak english plays an important role in english study.3). 直到那时, 他才意识到他受伤了.(realize)not until then _.4). 这是我有生以来第一次参加如此盛大的庆典.(attend)this is the first time in my life that i _ such a grand celebration.5). 我多么懊悔我本该好好学习却玩掉了的那么多的日子!(study).how i regretted the days when i had played and _!6). 他认真的执教态度使他和学生相处得很好.(get)his serious teaching attitude made him _ his students.7). 被公认为美国最伟大的总统之一的林肯是我的偶像.(recognize)lincoln, _ one of the greatest presidents in american, is my idol.8). 光说而不采取任何行动是没有用的.(use)_ without taking any action.9). 人们开始纳闷, 他是怎么戒烟的.(give)people began to wonder _.10). 他继续工作好像什么都没有发生过.(happen)he kept working as if _.5. 【2016上海卷】短文填空：directions: after reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. for the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.bags of love last year, i was assigned to work at an office near my mothers house, so i stayed with her for a month. during that time, i helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries. after less than a week, i started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quicklywe were always suddenly out of something. (1) _(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, i began observing her daily routine for two weeks. to my surprise, i found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine. eventually, i decided to follow her and (2) _ happened truly amazed me. she was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (3) _she distributed it to children. i asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. the kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. then it hit mewhy would she not want to tell me about what she (4) _(do)? was she worried about how i would react or that i would stop (5) _(buy) the groceries if i found out?when she got home, i told her about my discovery. (6) _ she could react, i gave her a big hug and told her she didnt need to keep it a secret (7) _me. she told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. for years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. i was so impressed by (8) _selfless she was.6. 【2013年四川卷】he is so busy. he cannot afford enough time with his son _ he wants to.【选项】a. even ifb. as ifc. becaused. before7. 【2013年天津卷】阅读理解guide to stockholm university library our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment.zones the library is divided into different zones. the upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. the reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. the ground floor is the zone where you can talk. here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.computers you can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers; you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as microsoft office. they are situated in the area known as the experimental field on the ground floor.group-study places if you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. some study rooms are for 2 - 3 people and others can hold up to 6 - 8 people. all rooms are marked on the library maps. there are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website. to book, you need an active university account and a valid university card. you can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week.storage of study material the library has lockers for students to store course literature. when you have obtained at least 40 credits(学分), you may rent a locker and pay 400 sek for a years rental period.rules to be followed mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls. please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.1）. the librarys upper floor is mainly for students to _.a. read in a quiet placeb. have group discussionsc. take comfortable seatsd. get their computers fixed2）. library computers on the ground floor _.a. help students with their field experimentsb. contain software essential for schoolworkc. are for those who want to access the wi-fid. are mostly used for filling out application forms3）. what condition should be met to book a group-study room?a. a group must consist of 8 people.b. three-hour use per day is the minimum.c. one should first register at the university.d. applicants must mark the room on the map.4）. a student can rent a locker in the library if he _.a. can afford the rental feeb. attends certain coursesc. has nowhere to put his booksd. has earned the required credits5）. what should not be brought into the library?a. mobile phones.b. orange juice.c. candy.d. sandwiches.参考答案与解析：1. 答案：a2. 答案：a解析：由句意“那女孩倾听着,好像已经变成了石头似的。”可知应该使用被动语态。“女孩被变成石头”是与事实相反的假设，所以需要使用虚拟语气。由主句的谓语动词“listened”可知这是与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以从句的时态需要使用过去完成时。3. 答案：c4. 答案：1) there was a time when2) making full use of3) did he realize that he had been injured4) i have attended5) should have studied6) get along well with7) who was recognized as8) its no use speaking9) how he had given up smoking10) nothing had happened5. 答案：1). wondering考查非谓语动词作状语。wonder与逻辑主语i之间为主动关系，所以应该使用现在分词。2). what考查主语从句。“_ happened truly amazed me.”是一个主语从句，从句“_ happened”中缺少主语，所以引导词应该使用what.3). which考查定语从句。“she was taking the food to the refugee camp, in _she distributed it to children.”这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为camp，在从句中做地点状语，引导词应该使用where或in which。4). had done考查动词的时态。本句“then it hit mewhy would she not want to tell me about what she (4) _(do)?”中“她做这件事情”的动作发生在“hit”之前，“hit”使用的是一般过去时，那么“do”为“过去的过去”，应该使用过去完成时。5). buying考查动词短语。 stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”； stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做另一件事情”。此处指的是“我停止买食品”，所以应该使用短语stop doing sth.6). before考查连词。根据前后句的逻辑关系判断。7). from考查介词用法。keep a secret from sb.意为“对.保密”8). how考查感叹句。_selfless she was. 本句的中心词selfless是形容词，所以感叹句的引导词应该使用how。6. 答案：a解析：考查状语从句.句意:他很忙,即使他想抽出时间陪他儿子也无法如愿。even if引导让步状语从句,意为“即使”,符合语境,故选a.as if引导方式状语从句,意为“好像”;because引导原因状语从句;before引导时间状语从句.7. 答案：1). a 2). b 3). c