黑龙江省宝清县2017高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选练（一）.doc

黑龙江宝清县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（一）（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。shanghaihealth experts in shanghai are calling for more protection for young children as the latest research shows about half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.about 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in families，50 percent in public places，and almost 6 percent on public transportation，shows a research released by the shanghai childrens medical center on tuesday.“not only adults but also children and newborn babies are at risk for the adverse effects of passive smoking, ”said tang jingyan, a doctor at the shanghai childrens medical center.“actually, those young children whose bodies are still growing and developing are more sensitive to the effects of secondhand smoke.”research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds, coughs and sore throats，and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis, pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer.doctors even suggested that children suffering passive smoking are more likely to have behavioral problems and may not developmentally as quickly as their peers.other research by the shanghai childrens medical center has found that more than 80 percent of child patients in the center live in a smoke filled household, where one or both parents smoke.“though doctors have stressed the harm of passive smoking over and over, it is still hard to reach a totally smoke free home, ”said a pediatrician named zhang yiwen, noting that parents are often tempted to smoke even though they have learned the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.china has 540 million people suffering from passive smoke，180 million of them younger than 15.the age of smokers is also getting lower, earlier reports said.“there are more young smokers than before.you can see young people wearing a school uniform and carrying a schoolbag light a cigarette on the street.some of them are even female students, ”said jing xingming, a professor of childrens developmental behavior at the center.“children like to imitate adults, especially their parents.if parents often smoke at home, it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit, which can cause a vicious circle，”jin said.reports from the ministry of health said china has about 350 million smokers, of whom 15 million are underage smokers.also, around 40 million of the countrys 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking, and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco.【语篇解读】本文主要说明了许多儿童目前受二手烟的影响，以及二手烟对儿童产生的危害。1what is the main idea of the passage?aabout half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.bexperts are calling for more protection for youngsters from smoking.cmore and more youngsters are picking up the habit of smoking.dsmoking does great harm to the health of the youngsters.答案b主旨大意题。根据文章大意，文章先说明了许多儿童目前受二手烟的影响，后文又说明了二手烟对儿童的危害，所以文章主要说明的其实是呼吁保护孩子们免受二手烟影响，故选b。2which youngsters most possibly develop a habit of smoking?achildren of nonsmoking mothers.bchildren of nonsmoking fathers.cchildren of heavy smokers.dchildren from some smoking centers.答案c细节理解题。根据文中第六段倒数第一句“if parents often smoke at home，it is vey likely children will develop a smoking habit”可知， 如果父母经常在家吸烟，孩子就更可能养成吸烟的习惯，故选c。3which of the following diseases may not be connected with secondhand smoking?acancer. bbehavioral problems.csore throats. dcoughs.答案b细节理解题。根据文中第三段第一句话“research has shown.more colds，coughs, and sore throats and they.will have a higher risk of developing cancer”可知a、c、d均与二手烟有关，故选b。4the underlined word “vicious” in the sixth paragraph most probably means _acomplete bsimple cgreat dbad答案d词义猜测题。根据单词所在句句意“如果父母经常在家吸烟，孩子就更可能养成吸烟的习惯”而吸烟是一种不良习惯，所以这种循环应该是一种恶性循环，故选d。5what can be inferred from the passage?aabout 80 percent of the children in the shanghai childrens medical center smoke heavily.babout 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in the shanghai childrens medical center.cabout 540 million people are heavy smokers in china.dchildren aged between 13 to 18 are more likely addicted to smoking.答案d推理判断题。根据文章倒数第一段第二句可知“around 40 million of the countrys 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking，and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco”可知13到18岁的儿童更容易对吸烟上瘾，故选d。文中第一段的数据只是由childrens medical center调查研究提供的，是对整个城市的一个普遍调查，不是在这个中心内的，故a、b项错误，根据文中倒数第三段第一句可知54 000万人是间接吸烟者，并不是吸烟的人，故c项错误。史地自然型阅读理解- besides containing attractive flowers, trees and other plants that beautify the community, ecofriendly rain gardens(雨水花园) are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby. a rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden. it is just a far more ecofriendly garden. usually it is built lower than the ground. rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak(浸入)slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.thus, a rain garden keeps the water, allowing it to be used as needed by plants in the rain garden, rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and going unused. the water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two. this creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed. this is a simple, attractive, and ecofriendly “green” way to treat storm water.whats more, planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment. without using expensive machinery and chemicals, rain gardens remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate, soil, and water conditions. they may attract local wildlife such as native birds. water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week, unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week. once the native plants establish the necessary root system, it will require little care.often, local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve flooding problems. however, you dont need to be a professional environmental engineer to create a rain garden. as long as youre ecoconscious homeowners, you can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.1which of the following is not true for the function of rain gardens?a. they are good for living conditions. b. they increase pollution.c. they can beautify the community. d. they improve the environment.2which of the following is the ecofriendly function of rain gardens discussed in paragraph 4?a. they can keep the rain and storm water. b. they can help reduce the pollution problem.c. they can be healthy for the people around. d. they can make the environment more beautiful.3one of the main reasons why native plants are recommended is that _.a. they cost less and are much easier to get b. they may attract local wildlife to comec. they require little care from the local gardener d. they are more used to the local growing conditions4what do we know about rain gardens?a. they need little water after all the plants are planted.b. they usually need at least an inch of rainwater a week.cthey may attract local birds and change the local climate.d. they may reduce the water pollution problem by 70%.5. who are the intended readers of the passage?a. homeowners. b. students. c. engineers. d. educators. (三)【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了环境友好型的雨水花园是如何运作的。1b细节理解题。由第四段第一句“whats more, planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.”可知，雨水花园不会增加污染，故b项有误。由第一段“besides containing attractive flowers, trees and other plants that beautify the community, ecofriendly rain gardens(雨水花园) are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.”可知，雨水花园可以美化社区、改善环境以及对居住环境有益，为环境友好型花园，故a、c、d三项正确。2b细节理解题。由第四段第一句“whats more, planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.”可知，雨水花园可以帮助减少污染。3d细节理解题。由第五段第一、二句“native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate, soil, and water conditions.”可知，建议种本地的植物是因为本地的植物更适应本地的环境。4b细节理解题。由第五段第三句“water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week, unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.”可知，雨水花园需要一个星期一英寸的雨水。5a推理判断题。由本文最后一句“as long as youre ecoconscious homeowners, you can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.”可知本文主要是写给房主的。 文化教育型阅读理解-(一)a practical english grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and postintermediate students. we hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.the book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern english and illustrated with numerous examples. areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.in the fourth edition，the main changes are as follows.1. explanation and examples have been brought up to date.2. there is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of place, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses.3. some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. for example, parts of chapters on can, may, must, etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.4. the content list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more references.in this edition the sign “” is frequently used to show a change of speakers in examples of dialogues. although the sign “” sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, eg. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.we wish to thank all at oxford university press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. we would also like to thank professor egawa of nihon university, japan, professor rene dirven of duisburg university, germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.london, november 1985 aj.t., avm1the grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for _aa middle school teacherba primary school studentca senior high studentda college student2according to the passage, we know that his grammar book_acompares modern english with old englishbgives a large number of examples to reduce difficultycattaches more importance to controversial formsdpays little attention to strict grammatical forms3which of the following statements about the changes is true?athis book keeps up with the latest usages of the american english language.bthis edition offers more information about pronouns.cits not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.done particular chapter discusses verbs like “care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish”4when you see this line in the book, “did you get a ticket? yes, i managed to get one.”， we can understand that _athe two parts before and after the sign “” mean the samebthe two parts before and after “” are said by two different peoplecthe second speaker repeats what the first speaker saysdthe topic is changed in the part after the sign “”5in the last paragraph, the authors thank several people because_athey have helped the authors with this editionbthey have agreed to buy a lot of books from the authorscthe authors want to make use of the fame of those peopledthose people will make advertisements for this book(一)【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了一本语法书的特点及对它的第四版的主要变化进行了介绍。1b细节理解题。根据文章第一段“a practical english grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and postintermediate students.”可知，语法书适合中级水平或者更高水平的学者，即不适用于小学生。故选b项。2c细节理解题。根据第二段“differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.”可知，更加注重于有争议的形式。故选c项。3d推理判断题。根据第三条的“verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves”可知。故选d项。4b细节理解题。从“in this edition the sign is frequently used to show a change of speakers in examples of dialogues.”可知，“”表示两个不同的人在对话，所以前后两部分是不同的人说话的内容。故选b项。5a细节理解题。从“we would also like to thank professorfor their friendly and helpful suggestions.”可知，他们这些人都给作者们提供了好的建议和帮助。故选a项。2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。 【题文】bnever before in chinese history has a documentary film aroused so much public enthusiasm. everybody is talking about a new 7-part documentary called a bite of china which was recently broadcast late at night on cctv i. the documentary describes various gourmet items across the vast chinese culinary (烹饪) landscape.according to taobao, chinas biggest online retail website, just five days after the series began to air, nearly 6 million people went to the site in search of various local specialities, particularly those mentioned in the documentary. more than 7.2 million deals were concluded. a ham producer from yunnan province saw his sales grow 17-fold in five days.however, one cant help but believe that the documentarys popularity is probably linked to the endless stream of terrible food security issues that have emerged in recent years. in one well-received article, a netizen wrote, “i wonder how many felt so empty-hearted and sighed after watching the film .formaldehyde(甲醛) sprayed cabbage, sudan red colored salty eggs, restaurants using gutter oil. the list is long” a varied and ancient food culture that is famous world-wide and which should have made the chinese proud ends like this: one can only sigh. food is the most vital thing in peoples lives. yet chinas food industry is a typical description of “bad money driving out the good”. the market is huge while the cost of faking and cheating is so low for unscrupulous (不道德的) businessmen; and the punishment is too light. take the milk industry as an example. although sanlu, the company that sold the melamine-adulterated milk powder, was punished, thou