定语从句专题讲座.ppt

定语从句专题讲座 重庆市七十九中学黄垚 1 定语从句的概念 2 定语从句的关联词 3 定语从句的分类 主要内容 什么是定语 Themanhaslostthebook Thefatmanhaslostthenewbook Thefrustratedmanhaslosttheinterestingbook Therunningmanhaslosttheborrowedbook 形容词做定语 形容词做定语 形容词做定语 现在分词做定语 过去分词做定语 Themaninblackhaslostthebookonscience Themanrunningonthestreethaslostthebookborrowedfromthelibraryyesterday Themanwhoisrunningonthestreethaslostthebookwhichheborrowedfromthelibraryyesterday 介词短语作定语 现在分词短语作定语 过去分词短语作定语 定语从句 先行词 中心词antecedent Themanwhoisrunningonthestreethaslostthebookwhichheborrowedfromthelibraryyesterday 定语从句attributiveclause 主句谓语predicateverb 关系联词 主句主语 主句宾语 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后 Themanwhoisrunningonthestreethaslostthebookwhichheborrowedfromthelibraryyesterday 关系联词 从句主语 从句宾语 从句谓语 从句谓语 从句地点状语 从句时间状语 关系联词的作用 1 代替前面的先行词 2 在从句中作相应的成分 即 关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语 Whose还可作定语 关系副词在从句中作状语 Themanborrowedabookfromthelibraryyesterday Themanisrunningonthestreet Themanhaslosthisbook 那位在街上跑的人丢了昨天从图书馆借的书 Theonthestreetrunningmanhaslostyesterdayfromthelibraryborrowedbook 主语 宾语 谓语 Themanwhoisrunningonthestreethaslostthebookwhichheborrowedfromthelibraryyesterday 关系联词 关系代词Who whom whose that which as 在从句中作主语 宾语 定语等 关系副词when where why how 在从句中作状语 1 代替先行词2 在从句作相应的成分 who whom whose who whom whose指人 who是主格 在从句中作主语 whom宾格 在从句中作宾语 在非正式英语中也可以用who来代替 whose是属格 在从句中作定语 Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafriendofmine Themanwhomheistalkingwithismyteacher Themanwhoheistalkingwithismyteacher Themanwithwhomheistalkingismyteacher Iknowagirlwhosemotherisadoctor which Which在从句中既可用作主语 也可用作宾语 一般代替物 还可用作表语 Thisisthebookwhichhasbeenlostforweeks WhereisthebookwhichIboughtthismorning Afterthewar thiscityisnolongertheonewhichitwas that That在从句中可指人或物 代替who whom which 在从句中作主语或宾语 但不能放在介词后作介词的宾语 Themanthat who isspeakingatthemeetingisafriendofmine Isthistheactorthat whom youtalkedaboutyesterday about不能放在that前 Theletterthat which Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommybrother Beijingisacitythat which hasahistoryof2000years 关系代词作主语 Themanwhowashereyesterdayisapainter Aletterthatiswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread Ishethemanthatsellseggs Thatisthestrangerwhosavedtheboy slifetheotherday Beijingisacitywhichhasahistoryof2000years Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafriendofmine 关系代词作宾语 ThemanwhoImetyesterdayisMr Brown TheletterthatIreceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant WhereisthebookIboughtyesterday Theladywhohewantstovisitisascientist WhoisthestudentwhomMr Greenspeakshighlyofatthemeeting Hehaslostthebookwhichheboughtyesterday 在下列情况下只能用that 1 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级或only thesame thevery等词修饰时 ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasaHardTimesbyCharlesDickens 我读的第一本英语小说是狄更斯写的 艰难时代 RoseisthemostdiligentstudentthatIhaveeverknown 罗斯是我认识的学生中最勤奋的 Mynecklaceistheonlythingthatismissing 唯一不见的东西是我的项链 That sthesamemanthataskedforhelpthedaybeforeyesterday 那是和前天求助的同一个人 在下列情况下只能用that 2 在用all everything nothing something anything等不定代词作先行词时 Everythingthatwesawatthevillagegreatlyinterestedus Theschoolhastoldussomethingthatweshoulddointhesummervacation Allthatglittersisnotgold 闪光的不都是金子 Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobu