（全国版）2019版高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 Unit 1 Women of achievement 新人教版必修4.doc

unit 1women of achievement.情景默写1.we support(支持)each other financially and by showing up at events.(2017全国卷)2.his parents always had him weeding the garden，carrying out the garbage and delivering(递送)newspapers.(2016天津卷)3.he is such a great man that all of us show our respect(尊敬) for him.4.last week，i returned to the village where i grew up in my childhood(童年).5.none of us had seen an emergency(紧急情况) like this and we were all terrified.6.yesterday the police began a campaign(运动) to stop taking drugs.7.there is a generation(一代) gap between my parents and me.8.you cant imagine how many people crowded(挤满) the cinema on the new years day.9.computers have replaced televisions as our most popular form of entertainment(娱乐).10.helping others in need is a worthwhile(值得的) matter.11.the audience(听众) was no less than five thousand.12.he drove the injured to the nearest hospital out of kindness(好意).13.in time of success we remain modest(谦虚的)，while in time of difficulty we keep strongminded.14.she tried to sleep，but too many thoughts crowded_in(涌入脑海)on her.15.always check behind the car before you move_off(起程).16.mr. garcia looks_down_upon/on(蔑视；瞧不起)anyone who doesnt work hard.17.i came_across(遇见；碰见)this old photograph when looking for a book yesterday.18.youll have an accident if you carry_on(继续)driving like that.19.devoted_to(专心于)his research work，the scientist has little time to spend with his family.20.your notes are excellent materials to refer_to(查阅；参考)when you are studying for a test.词性转换1.do you believe that theres a connection(connect) between smoking and heart disease?2.i hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your dream of being admitted to a key university，which will give you a wonderful sense of achievement(achieve).3.i became inspired when i heard her inspiring speech. (inspire)4. he argued against smoking，and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health. at last，he argued us out of smoking.(argue)5. it is considerate of you to take his illness into consideration.(consider)6.the rich man went abroad with the intention of trying his fortune，while the poor man intended to learn some skills of earning money.(intend)7.much to my surprise，he behaved as if nothing had happened. in general，i was quite pleased with his behaviour.(behave)1.句型公式：while引导的时间状语从句当消防队员正试图控制火势时，直升机飞临到着火的大楼上空。while_the_firefighters_were_trying_to_control_the_fire，helicopters flew to the burning building.2.句型公式：only引起的部分倒装我们只有在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度。only when we landed did_we_see_how_badly_the_plane_had_beendamaged.3.句型公式：once引导的让步状语从句一旦感情被伤害了，很难去恢复，不管你做出多少努力。once_feelings_are_hurt，it is difficult to recover，no matter how much effort you make.4.句型公式：it hit/hits sb that.我突然想到我把护照落在厨房的桌子上了。suddenly_it_hit_me_that i had left my passport on the table in the kitchen. 5.句型公式：强调句型重要的并不是故事本身而是它所反映出来的东西。it_is_not_the_story_itself_but_what_is_reflected_in_the_story_that counts.(2015福建卷书面表达)6.句型公式：形容词作状语我回到了家，很疲劳但是很高兴。we returned home，tired_but_happy .第一板块 重点单词1.behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/微写作if parents do not teach their child how to behave himself(him)，he will do anything at will.i think all of us should mind our behavior(behave) in public places.(福建卷)they behaved bad to the guests，which made us very disappointed.badbadly最后，她不但赢得了他们的尊敬而且帮助他们变得表现良好、自信和体贴他人。(2015广东卷)finally，she_not_only_earned_their_respect_but_also_helped_themgrow_to_be_wellbehaved，selfconfident_and_considerate. 状元笔记全记牢(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb对待某人好/差behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体(2)wellbehaved adj. 表现好的badlybehaved adj. 表现差的(3)behaviour n. 举止；行为mind ones behaviour 注意某人的举止2.observe vt.观察；观测；注意到；遵守；庆祝高考必刷题练透写出下列句中observe的含义/单句语法填空it is a must for all of us to observe the rules and regulations.遵守it is a tradition for the people here to observe the spring festival.庆祝the scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.观察the thief was observed to open the window and run away.注意到on the top of mountain tai，people excitedly observed the sun rising (rise) from the sea.last night bruce was observed to_leave (leave) the building with two young men and take a taxi away.状元笔记全记牢(1)observe sb do sth观察某人做某事(全过程)observe sb doing sth 观察某人正在做某事observe that. 观察(2)observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则observe christmas 过圣诞节【点津】observe sb do sth在变成被动语态时，应添加省略的不定式符号“to”。3.respect vt.尊敬；尊重；敬意 n.细节；方面；敬意；问候高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/微写作he is such a great man that all of us show our respect for him.chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste single grain of rice，out of respect for farmers labor.with respect to your other suggestions，i am not able to tell you our decision.this suggestion differs from the last one in many respects(respect).please send my respect to your parents when you go home next time.respectrespectsi respect him his courage，which has helped him overcome so much difficulty.respect后加for我可能会选择放弃，并且尊重大多数人的观点。(2015浙江卷)i_may_choose_to_give_it_up_and_respect_the_opinion_of_the_majority.状元笔记全记牢(1)respect sb for sth因某事而尊重某人(2)have/show respect for sb 尊重某人give/send ones respects to sb 向某人表示敬意out of respect for. 出于对的尊敬(3)in all/many respects 在各个方面/在许多方面in respect ofwith respect to 关于；就而言【点津】多重身份的名词“respect”： 表示“尊重；敬重”时为不可数名词；表示“细节；方面”时为可数名词；表示“敬意；问候”时，多用作复数形式。4.argue vi.& vt.讨论；争论；争辩；说服；用辩论证明高考必刷题练透(1)语段填空the workers，who argued for their own rights，argued with the boss for a few days，but failed to argue him into giving them a rise in wages because the boss argued against it and insisted that it was beyond argument that their pay had already been ok.(2)一句多译/微写作最终我说服了他戒掉吸烟的坏习惯。1 i_argued_him_out_of_smoking_eventually.(argue)2 i_persuaded_him_out_of_smoking/to_give_up_smoking_eventually. (persuade)3 i_convinced_him_to_give_up_smoking_eventually.(convince)我主张每个人都应该为保护环境做贡献。(2016北京卷)i_argue_that_everyone_(should)_make_contributions_to_protecting_the_environment.状元笔记全记牢(1)argue with sb on/about/over sth与某人争辩某事argue for/against sth 为支持/反对某事而辩论argue that.(should) do sth 主张argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事(2)argument n. 争论；争辩；论点beyond argument 无需争论【点津】表示 “说服某人做某事”的其他表达形式还有：persuade sb to do sthpersuade sb into doing sthconvince sb to do sthtalk sb into doing end vt.计划；打算高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/微写作he has made up his mind to intend his son to_manage(manage) the company.they intended to_have_gone (go)into the country，but the weather failed their plan.the school being built is said to be intended for the disabled children.this program was set up with an intention(intend)of helping the homeless.i intended to catch the early bus，but i didnt get up ended前加hadthe agreement，intended to helping homeless people，was signed last week.helpinghelp我打算在学校组织一些活动来提高我们的英语水平。(天津卷)i_intend_to_organize_some_activities_at_school_to_improve_our_english.状元笔记全记牢(1)intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事intend 打算做某事 本来打算做某事(2)be intended(3)with an/the intention of. 抱有的目的；打算第二板块 核心短语1.refer to提及；谈到；参考；查阅；提交；把称作高考必刷题练透(1)写出下列句中refer to的含义if you dont know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary.查阅when giving the lecture，he referred to his note from time to time.参考we have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及(2)单句语法填空/微写作you should refer this matter to our teacher for a decision.the scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.the dictionaries can be used as reference(refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.(2015天津卷)当面对困难时，我常常选择参考相关学习资料或网页。when_faced_with_a_difficulty，i_usually_choose_to_refer_to_relevantlearning_materials_or_web_pages. 状元笔记全记牢(1)refer to. as.把称作refer. to. 把提交给(2)reference n. 提及；参考；查阅in/with reference to 关于【联想】 “查字典”的多种表达：refer to the dictionarylook up a word in the dictionaryconsult the dictionary2.carry on继续；保持；经营；进行；生意、谈话等高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/微写作we carried on with our daily work not suspecting what was about to happen.they took great trouble to help him; as a result，their efforts carried him through.if you carry on working (work) like that，you will break down sooner or later.如何养成习惯？第一步就是制订计划表，然后坚持去执行它。(四川卷)how to develop the habit? the first step is to set_a_timetable_and stick_to_carrying_out_the_plan.状元笔记全记牢carry on继续做某事carry off 赢得；获得(奖品、荣誉等)carry out 实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等)carry through 帮渡过(难关等)；维持；完成第三板块 经典句式suddenly it_hit_me_how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么难。高考必刷题练透单句改错/一句多译it hit me the phone number i had told them was wrong.me后加thatit suddenly occurred him that he had left his keys in the office. occurred后加to我突然想到他们冤枉了她。状元笔记全记牢(1)“it hit(s) methat从句”意思是“我突然想到”，it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。(2)表示“(某人)突然想到”的结构还有：it occurs/occurred to sb that.it strikes/struck sb that.课文语法填空nobody before jane fully understood chimps 1.behavior (behave).she spent years observing and 2.recording (record) their daily activities.3.since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.however，this was not easy.when she first arrived in gombe in 1960，it was 4.unusual (usual) for a woman to live in the forest.only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed 5.to_begin (begin) her project.her work changed the way people think about chimps.for example，one important thing she discovered was 6.that chimps hunt and eat meat.until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts.she actually observed chimps as 7.a group hunting a monkey and then eating 8.it.she also discovered 9.how chimps communicate with each other，and her study of their body language helped her work 10.out their social system.课文短文改错for forty years jane goodall had been outspoken about making the rest of a world understand and respect the life of these animals.she has argued that wild animals should left in the wild and not used for entertainment and advertisements.she has helped to set up special places where they can live in safely.she is leading a busy life but she says：“once i stop，it all comes crowding in and i remembering the chimps in laboratories.its terribly.it affects me when i watch the wild chimp.i say to me，arent they lucky？and then i think about small chimps in cages though they have done something wrong.once you have seen that，you can never forget.答案for forty years jane goodall been outspoken about making the rest of world understand and respect the life of these animals.she has argued that wild animals should left in the wild and not used for entertainment advertisements.she has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.she is leading a busy life but she says：“once i stop，it all comes crowding in and i the chimps in laboratories.its .it affects me when i watch the wild .i say to ，arent they lucky？and then i think about small chimps in cages though they have done wrong.once you have seen that，you can never forget.单元要点微写作请根据下面提示写一篇短文，介绍著名人物汉斯(hans)。1.一生都奉献给了无家可归的儿童，赢得了所有人的尊重。2.曾被邀请在哈佛大学毕业典礼上发表(deliver)演讲。3.名言：照顾孩子是平凡的工作，但是你不要瞧不起平凡的工作。一旦开始做一件事情，你就必须坚持下去，否则你将一事无成。只有当年老回首往事你能够说你已经全力以赴时，你才会对你的一生感到满足。注意：1.词数60左右；2.尽量使用本单元的知识点；3.可适当增加细节。【参考范文】hans，a man of great achievements，has devoted all his life to homeless children.his behaviour has won respect of all.when asked to deliver a speech on the graduation in harvard university，he said，“caring for children is an ordinary job，but dont look down upon ordinary jobs.”and he added，“once you begin to do something，you must carry on with it，otherwise you will never achieve anything.only when you are old looking back and saying that you have tried your best will you be content with your life.”athe 15yearold actor reese hartwig stars in this summers newest movie，earth to echo.recently jack and jill interviewed this kid actor.jj：how did you get started in acting?reese：my family and i moved from arizona to california because my dad worked for a company that provides cars for movies like transformers.he was already in the business.when we came to california，i decided to give_acting_a_shot.jj：how was your first audition(试演)?reese：my brother ryan and i auditioned in the same building and on his birthday.our agent said，“why dont you each try out for both parts？”i ended up booking the part he went in for，and he booked mine.thats how it started.jj：is acting your dream job?reese：ive always wanted to be a plastic surgeon(整形外科医生)，but i will need money from acting to get through college and medical school.acting has been really fun，but you need a backup plan just in case.jj：tell us about your new movie，earth to echo.reese：the movies about three friends who live in a neighborhood thats being torn down to build a freeway.soon，the friends begin receiving strange messages on their cell phones.it turns out they find an alien，echo，and try to help the alien and save the neighborhood.jj：how was thisyour first big acting roledifferent from other projects youve done?reese：very different.the movie was filmed as if we，the characters，were holding the cameras and filming the scenes.it was interesting shooting scenes with the alien，echo，because you acted with an inanimate(无生命的)object，and then the technical staff developed the character on the computer.【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章是jack and jill杂志对童星reese的访谈。1.what does the underlined part “give acting a shot” mean?a.give up acting.b.think about acting.c.try to do some acting.d.choose acting as a lifelong career.答案c词义猜测题。根据下文reese描述他如何开始演艺之路以及他的理想工作是整形外科医生可知，受到父亲的影响，来到加州后的reese想要尝试一下演戏。2.the day reese went to his first audition，_.a.he came across ryanb.it was his 15th birthdayc.he got the part ryan wantedd.he did some sightseeing in arizona答案c细节理解题。根据文中的i ended up booking the part he went in for，and he booked mine可知，在第一次试演的那天，reese得到他兄弟ryan喜欢的角色。3.what can we learn about earth to echo?a.it is a science fiction film.b.it was filmed by reeses friends.c.it shows the importance of friendship.d.it calls on people to protect the earth.答案a推理判断题。根据reese对新电影earth to echo的介绍receiving strange messages.find an alien.help the alien可推测，这是一部科幻片。b “when i was a child，space was all i dreamt and talked about.my parents thought it was just a phase(阶段)，but as i grew up i became greatly interested in science.i never doubted that one day id be an astronaut(宇航员).”as an adult，anousheh ansari left her home country iran，settled in the usa and started a company.the company was so successful that she was finally able to sell it for $750 million.“the first thing that crossed my mind was that my lifes goal might now be within reach and i signed up to become the first female(女性的)private space explorer at a cost of around $20 million.”anousheh set off on september 18th along with two astronauts.on the space station，each member of a space crew(全体机组人员)，tourist or not，is expected to carry out important experiments on board.for anousheh，this means working on lower back pains in astronauts and studying tiny life forms that can carry diseases on board the station.many people might have considered this“working holiday” bad，but anousheh loved it.anousheh faced many difficulties on board.to wash her hair，for example，she had to put water over her head；however，little bits of water would float(漂浮)away.“the guys liked to make fun of me.theyd ask me to pass the bread and when i handed it to them，rather than floating it，theyd say id taken all the fun out of it.after a while，i got used to all this，though，and i felt so at home that in the end it was hard to go back to normality.”anousheh is proud to be the first female space tourist and wants to encourage women all over the world.however，she doesnt like the title “space tourist”.“i think if my experience is to be compared to an experiment or an experience on earth，it is probably closer to an adventure to antarectica or climbing mount everest，”she explains.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了首位太空女游客阿努什安萨里的相关故事。4.as anousheh was growing up，_.a.she didnt think she would ever become an astronautb.her interest in space wasnt expected to lastc.she disagreed with her parents plansd.others tried to discourage her dreams答案b推理判断题。根据第一段中的when i was a child，space was all i dreamt and talked about.my parents thought it was just a phase，but as i grew up i became greatly interested in science可推断，anousheh对于太空的热爱在父母看来只是一时头脑发热，不会持续太长时间。5.the space crew members _.a.often carry diseases onto the space stationb.can suffer aches and painsc.must have a strong background in scienced.have little time to relax答案b细节理解题。根据第二段中的working on lower back pains in astronauts可知，太空机组成员可能遭受疼痛之苦。6.on the space station，_.a.anousheh did a lot of practice on breadb.it seemed impossible for anousheh to wash with waterc.anousheh liked playing games with the other astronautsd.it took anousheh some time to get familiar with the conditions答案d细节理解题。根据第三段中的after a while，i got used to all this，though，and i felt so at home that in the end it was hard to go back to normality可知，anousheh在太空站慢慢适应了那里的环境。7.in anoushehs opinion，her experience as a space tourist _.a.will give other women the courage to explore spaceb.cannot be compared to any experience on earthc.turned out to be a dangerous experimentd.was not as good as she hoped答案a推理判断题。根据最后一段中的anousheh is proud to be the first female space tourist and wants