初中定语从句讲解PPT课件.pptx

定语可以由形容词 代词 数词 名词 分词 不定式 介词短语等来担任 修饰名词 以介词短语 分词为例 例 ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk 喝醉的 定语从句在英语中 修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句 例 ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk TheAttributiveClause 定语从句 1 关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister SheworksinShanghai 代替sister普通代词 只起代替的作用 如上例she Ihaveasisterwho thatworksinShanghai 关系代词 如上例who that 1 代替先行词 2 它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分 3 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句 把主句和从句连起来 2 Thebuildingisourschool Thebuildingstandsbytheriver 关系代词的使用取决于先行词 它们的关系非常密切 因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词 所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后 而且它的人称 数必须和先行词一致 Thebuildingwhich thatstandsbytheriverisourschool 先行词关系词定语从句 which that是关系代词 它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding 同时担任从句中的主语 也起连词的作用 把两个简单句连接起来 3 关系词判断步骤 首先 要看先行词 如果先行词是指人 关系代词可用who that whom whose 如果先行词指物 关系代词可用which或that 然后 要确定关系词在从句中的成分 请看下表 4 5 最后 定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致 注 定语从句的时态不受主句的限制 Thewomanwho thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother 主句 Thewomanismymother 叙述客观事实用一般现在时 从句 Thewoman who that spokeatthemeetingyesterday 句中yesterday表示过去时间 6 thetallthestrongtheclever boy TheboyisTom TheboywhoistallisTom TheboywhoisstrongisTom TheboywhoiscleverisTom 7 TheboyisTom Theboyissmiling TheboyisTom Theboyhasaroundface TheboywhoissmilingisTom 主语 TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom TheboyisTom Hesitsinfrontofme TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom 8 Themaniskind Everyonelikeshim Theman whom everyonelikesiskind 宾语 Thewomangotthejob Wesawheronthestreet Thewoman whom wesawonthestreetgotthejob Theteacherwillgiveusatalk Wemettheteacheryesterday Theteacher whom wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk 9 关系代词 1 who指人 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 Theman who Italkedwithisourteacher Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief 2 whom指人 作宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 Theman whom who ItalkedtoisMr Li ThemantowhomItalkedisMr Li 10 关系代词 3 whose是代词的所有格形式 它既可以代人也可以代物 Pleaseshowmethebook Itscoverisred Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred Isawawoman Herbagwasstolen Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen 11 apple theredthegreenthesmallthebig Theapplewhichisredismine Theapplewhichisgreenisyours Theapplewhichisredissmall Theapplewhichisgreenisbig 12 Canyoufindthepen Iwrotewithitjustnow CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow Canyoufindthepen which Iwrotewithjustnow 13 4 which指物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear TheTVset which heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan Isthisthelibrary which youborrowbooksfrom Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks 14 1 Thisisthehero whom weareproudof Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud Thisisthehero that weareproudof 2 Theroom that Iliveinisverybig Theroom which Iliveinisverybig TheroominwhichIliveisverybig 注意 固定动介词组不可分割 介词不能提前 例如 lookafter lookat 关系代词与介词 介词放在关系代词的前面时 介词宾语只能用which代物 用whom代人 介词在末尾时 关系词可以省略 TheroomwhereIliveisverybig 15 定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that 而不宜用which1 从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory that Ihaveeverheard Thefirstmeeting that wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon 2 先行词是something nothing anything等不定代词时Hereissomething that Iwilltellyou 16 3 先行词既有人也有物时 只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures that Isee 4 先行词是oneof theone 或用little much few no all some any theonly thevery thesame thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant Ihaven tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou 5 当主句已有疑问词who或which时 用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting 17 注 who that在指人可以通用 但下列宜用who 不用that1 先行词是anyone someone those时 关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere 2 在therebe句型中 先行词指人 关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim 18 关系副词 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的 它和关系代词一样 在从句中代替先行词 在句中作状语 where 在从句中作地点状语 指代地点 when 在从句中作时间状语 指代时间 1 Thehotelwasn tclean Westayedatthehotel Thehotelwherewestayedwasn tclean Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasn tclean Thehotel which westayedatwasn tclean 20 2 I llneverforgettheday IjoinedthePartyonthatday I llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty I llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty 21 1 Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld Wemetheryesterday Thescientist wemetyesterdayisverywhofamousintheworld whomthat 2 Thedressisnew Sheiswearingit Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew which 22 3 Heisthekindperson Ihaveeverworkedwithhim 4 Thisisthebestfilm Ihaveeverseenthisfilm HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwhowith whom ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen 23 单项选择 1 Thisisthejob theylaughedat A whichB asC itD who2 BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark builtabout300yearsago A wherewasB thatwereC whichwasD where3 Whowasthegrey hairedman atyesterday smeeting A wesawhimB wesawC wesawwhoD shewasseen4 Theman ispaintingthehouseismyuncle A heB whomC whoseD who5 Whatistheanimal babyissleepinginitspocket A whoB whoseC itsD which A C B D B 24 6 Thisbookisforthestudents motherlanguageisn tEnglish A thatB ofwhomC whoseD who s7 Therobbersshouted Handsup I llshootanyone moves A whomB thatC whoD whose8 Thedictionary hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful A whichB forwhichC onwhichD aboutwhich9Theboy parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow A whoseB whoC hisD 10 Theman issmokingisabusdriver A whomB whoC whichD what C C A A B 25 1 Thisisthebag mymotherboughtyesterday A thatB whoC whomD this2 Theman livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher A whomB whichC whoD 3 Thegirl yousawinthestreetisMary A thatB whoseC whichD as A A A 定语从句练习 26 4 Isthisthefactory alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday A theoneB whichC whoD whom5 Isthisfactory alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday A theoneB thatC whichD 6 Theonlylanguage iseasytolearnisthemothertongue A whichB thatC D it B b B 定语从句练习 27 7 Thegirlhandedeverything shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice A whichB inwhichC thatD all8 cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised A ThatB WhoC TheonewhoD Thestudentswho9 Pleaseshowmethebook youboughtyesterday A whichB whomC whoseD this C C A 定语从句练习 28 10 Thisisthebestbook Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear A whoB whomC whichD 11 Thisistheonlyarticleofthesethat writtenbyhim A wasB wereC isD are12 Theman washerejustnowisadoctor A whomB whoC D he D C B 定语从句练习 29 13 Theboy hastwolovelydogs A wholivenextdoorB whichlivesnextdoorC whomlivesnextdoorD thatlivesnextdoor14 Those madenomistakesintoday sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands A whichB whomC thatD who15 Thefarm westayedlastweekisalovelyplaceforaholiday A whenB whereC thatD atthat D D B 定语从句练习 30 16 Heisthemostcarefulboy Iknow A whatB whichC asD 17 Thisistheschool Mr Smithoncetaught A inthatB whenC whereD there18 Haveyouvisitedthehouse thefamousscientistwasborn A whereB inthatC thatD which D C A 定语从句练习 31 19 Thefactory Mr Liusedtoworkwasclosedlastweek A whenB whereC thatD which20 Doyoustillremembertheday wefirstmet A thatB whenC whatD onthat B B 定语从句练习 32 21 October1 1949istheday we llneverforget A whenB thatC whereD inwhich22 October1 1949wastheday thePeople sRepublicofChinawasfounded A whichB whenC whereD inwhich23 Isthistheshop sellschildren sclothing A whichB whereC inwhichD what B B A 定语从句练习 33 24 Isthismuseum theyvisitedlastmonth A thatB whichC whereD theone25 Istillrememberthesitting room mymotherandIusedtositintheevening A whatB whichC thatD where D D 定语从句练习 34 26 Haveyouseenthegirl A thatItoldB ItoldyouofC whomItoldD Itoldof2