（全国通用）2019版高考英语一轮复习 提分单元加餐练 第七辑 Unit 4 Sharing 新人教版选修7.doc

unit 4 sharing 单元加餐练.阅读理解athe meaning of the word “volunteer” may be a little different in different countries, but it usually means “one who offers his or her services”. there are many different ways in which people can volunteer, such as taking care of sick people, working in homes for homeless children, and picking up garbage from beaches and parks. volunteers may work within their own countries or in other countries. they are often people with a strong wish to help those who are less fortunate than themselves. volunteers dont expect any kind of pay.at the root of volunteering is the idea that one person may have the ability to offer services that can help other people. tracy, a good friend of mine, however, recently came back from india with a new idea of what being a volunteer means. she worked for two and a half weeks in one of mother teresas homes in calcutta. the following is her story.“i first heard about mother teresa in my high school. we watched a video about her work in india and all over the world. i was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after i graduated from high school, i also wanted to try her kind of work. so with two friends i flew to calcutta for a few weeks.”“i was asked to work in a home for sick people. i helped wash clothes and sheets, and pass out lunch. i also fed the people who were too weak to feed themselves and tried to cheer them up. i felt it was better to share with them than to think that i have helped them. to be honest, i dont think i was helping very much. it was then that i realized that i had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world.”篇章导读：本文为夹叙夹议文，主要介绍了tracy对volunteer一词的新的体会及理解。1according to the text, a volunteer refers to a person who _ .ais willing to help those in need without paybcan afford to travel to different placeschas a strong wish to be successfuldhas made a big fortune in life答案：a细节理解题。根据第一段的“one who offers his or her services”和第一段最后一句“volunteers dont expect any kind of pay.”可确定答案为a。2why did tracy choose to be a volunteer?ashe liked to work with mother teresa.bshe had already had some experience.cshe was asked by mother teresa.dshe wanted to follow mother teresas example.答案：d推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“i was so moved by her spirit . i also wanted to try her kind of work.”可知，她想以mother teresa为榜样。3what is tracys “new idea” (in paragraph 2) of being a volunteer?agoing abroad to help the sick.bworking in mother teresas home.cdoing simple things to help the poor.dimproving oneself through helping others.答案：d推理判断题。由第三、四段内容可知，tracy怎样在实践volunteer的过程中逐渐形成了新的体验和认识，且从文中最后一句可知new idea的含义。4what is the best title for the passage?ahow to be a volunteerbvoluntary life in indiaca different meaning of volunteerdinspiration from mother teresa答案：c标题判断题。本文以volunteer作为导入，讲tracy对volunteer的新体会和与以前不同的理解。c项切合文章的主题。bchimps (黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. but beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.in the laboratory, chimps dont naturally share food either. if a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor in the next cage, he will pull at randomhe just doesnt care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. chimps are truly selfish.human children, on the other hand, are naturally cooperative. from the earliest ages, they desire to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. the psychologist michael tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of experiments with very young children. he finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.there are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally possessed in young children. one is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave socially. another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. a third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their general cognitive (认知的) skills, at least when compared with chimps. in tests conducted by tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.the core of what childrens minds have and chimps dont is what tomasello calls shared intentionality. part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. but beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. they actively seek to be part of a “we”， a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过比较黑猩猩和小孩子的行为得出结论，相较于黑猩猩的自私，人类的本能和天性是帮助别人，与人合作和分享。5what can we learn from the experiment with chimps?achimps seldom care about others interests.bchimps tend to provide food for their children.cchimps like to take in their neighbors food.dchimps naturally share food with each other.答案：a细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的实验得知，黑猩猩不关心、不在乎同类。故a项正确。其中c项干扰性较大，由实验得出的结论是黑猩猩自私，而不是喜欢那么做。6michael tomasellos tests on young children indicate that they _ .ahave the instinct to help othersbknow how to offer help to adultscknow the world better than chimpsdtrust adults with their hands full答案：a推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一、二句得知，小孩帮助他人是出于本能和天性。故a项正确。7the passage is mainly about _ .athe helping behaviors of young childrenbways to train childrens shared intentionalityccooperation as a distinctive human naturedthe development of intelligence in children答案：c主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者通过对黑猩猩和小孩进行的对比实验证实了助人、与别人合作是人独有的本能。a项干扰性较大，文章不是简单地介绍了小孩子的助人行为。.七选五ten requirements for teens that wont get theminto college but will make them better peoplewrite a letter. an actual letter that does not begin with “hey ” and is written, in handwriting, on real paper.read a book for pleasure. _1_ repeat when needed until you find a book you really love.hold down an unpleasant job that makes you hate your parents a little bit because they wont let you quit.go somewhere for the weekend without your phone. _2_ every time you get a new toy or gadget (小玩意), give an old toy or gadget away to someone who doesnt get new things as often as you do.take care of someone or something other than yourself. _3_ and if its a dog, learn to brush the dog far enough away from the back door so that the hair does not all come back in your house when you are finished._4_ even if this person hasnt given you a holiday or birthday present, find something to thank him for.learn to cook a good meal that can feed the entire family, no matter what size family you have.do something nice for a neighbor without expecting any credit for it and keep your identity secret._5_ if you want to aim for the top, good for you. but try to get there slowly, without knocking everyone else out of the way. or missing the beautiful view.adont race to the top.ba pet does nicely here.cguess which job taught me more about life.dthen you may know what it feels like to be alone.eif you start one and still hate it on page 50, find another one.fwrite a heartfelt thankyou note to someone over the age of 70.gput the newspaper on the front step if it landed in the middle of the driveway.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了十件对青少年成长有益的事情。1e e项中的“page 50”符合本段关于读书的语境，且“find another one”与设空后的“until you find a book”相呼应，故选e项。2d 根据本空前的“without your phone”及我们的日常经验可知，不带手机意味着无法与其他人取得联系，只能“独自一人”，这与d项中的“to be alone”相呼应。3b 根据本空后的“if its a dog”可知，作者在这里以“宠物”为例，建议青少年照顾其他人或物。故b项符合语境。4f 根据本段中的“find something to thank him for”可知，作者建议青少年写一封“感谢信”，f项符合前后语境。5aa项中的“dont race to the top”与空后的“the top”，“get there slowly”相呼应。故选a项。.语法填空recently i have been thinking about how i can help others, even _1_ the simplest ways. because i spend five days studying at school, i focus on _2_ i can do for my classmates. i started in my english class.i usually go downtown for lunch. so after i ate my food, i bought two small bags of cookies and a large cup of iced tea. i got to class before everyone else, and i decided to pick someone _3_ needed a little more brightness on that day.everyone came in _4_ read the note：“random act of kindness. pay it forward.” they were pretty _5_ (excite). i acted as if i were astonished to avoid being found out and remain unknown. to my _6_ (surprised), the boy shared the food with the entire class. the next day, the boy who received my gift did pass it on. and he bought some food and a drink for _7_ student who had class after us.the following day, i made a cd, which was filled with pleasant music, with the purpose of _8_ (cheer) anyone up who was having a rough day or who just wanted to be in a good mood. i put _9_ on another students desk. when he saw the cd, he shared the music with us during class, which made everybody happy. and i _10_ (leave) feeling good about myself the whole day. 1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者决定从帮助身边的人入手开始帮助他人。他默默地做出两个小小的善举为同学买午饭及送同学cd，并收到了很好的效果：其他同学分享并传递了他的爱心行为，同时作者也体会到了助人的快乐。1in 考查介词。名词way通常与介词in搭配，表示“以的方式”。2what 考查宾语从句的连接词。空处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，故用连接词what引导。3who 考查定语从句的引导词。空处引导定语从句，先行词为someone，从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词who。4and 考查连词。大家进来后，读了那张便条。表示紧接着发生的两个动作，因此填连词and，表示并列关系。5excited 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，主语是人，本空应填过去分词excited “激动的，兴奋的”，作表语，描述人的心理状态。6surprise 考查词性转换。to ones surprise为固定搭配，意为“使某人惊奇的是”，所有格ones后应填名词surprise。7a 考查冠词。根据语境，此处泛指“一个同学”，故用不定冠词a。8cheering 考查非谓