（浙江专版）2018年中考英语特训总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理篇 第15课时 八下 Units 9-10（精讲）试题.doc

第15课时八年级(下)units 910,基础知识梳理重点单词1.camera n照相机；摄影机；摄像机2toilet n坐便器；厕所3encourage v鼓励4social adj. 社会的5perfect adj. 完美的；完全的6progress v& n. 进步；进展7ride n供乘骑的游乐设施；短途旅程8province n省份9thousand num.一千10fear v& n. 害怕；惧怕11whether conj. 不管(还是)；或者(或者)；是否12fox n. 狐狸13whenever conj. 在任何时候；无论何时14spring n春天15.yard n. 院子16sweet adj. 甜蜜的；甜的；含糖的17memory n记忆；回忆18toy n. 玩具19bear n熊20soft adj. 软的；柔软的21check v& n. 检查；审查22board n. 板；木板23junior adj.地位(或职位、级别)低下的24clear v清理；清除25bedroom n卧室26own v拥有；有27railway n. 铁路；铁道28part v. 离开；分开29while n. 一段时间；一会儿30.hometown n. 家乡；故乡31nowadays adv.现今；现在；目前32search v& n搜索；搜查33among prep. 在(其)中；之一34crayon n. 彩色铅笔(或粉笔、蜡笔)35shame n羞耻；羞愧；惭愧36regard v. 将认为；把视为37count v. 数数38century n百年；世纪39opposite prep. 与相对；在对面adj.对面的；另一边的40childhood n童年；幼年41consider v注视；仔细考虑词汇拓展1.society nsocial adj. 社会的2peace npeaceful adj. 和平的；安宁的3india nlndian adj.& n. 印度的；印度人4japan njapanese adj.& n. 日本(人)的；日语的；日本人；日语5scarf nscarves/scarfs pl. 围巾；披巾；头巾6memory nmemorize v记忆；记住7own vowner n. 物主；主人8believe vbelievable adj. 可信的unbelievable adj. 难以置信的；不真实的9collect vcollection n. 收集物；收藏品collector n. 收集者；收藏家10make vmaker n. 生产者；制订者made(过去式/过去分词)使成为；制造11hold vheld(过去式/过去分词)拥有；抓住12.rapid adj.rapidly adv. 迅速地；快速地13usual adj.unusual adj. 特别的；不寻常的usually adv.通常地；一般地14german adj.& ngermans pl. 德国人germany n. 德国15safe adj.safety n. 安全；安全性16simple adj.simply adv. 仅仅；只；不过17most adj.mostly adv. 主要地；通常18soft adj.softly adv. 轻轻地；轻柔地19certain adj.certainly adv. 无疑；肯定；当然；行20honest adj.dishonest adj. 不老实的；不诚实的honesty n. 诚实21truthful adj.truth n. 实情；事实true adj. 真正的；真实的22especial adj.especially adv. 尤其；特别；格外重点短语1.a couple of 几个；一对；两个2thousands of 数以千计的；许许多多的3on the one handon the other hand 一方面另一方面4all year round 全年5in need 在困难中6check out 观察；察看7clear out 清理；丢掉8no longer 不再；不复9.part with 放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)10as for 至于；关于11to be honest 说实在的12for a while 一会儿；一段时间13do with 处理14search for 搜索15according to 依据；按照续表核心句型1.have you ever been to a science museum？你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？2lets go somewhere different today.今天让我们去不同的地方。3i learned about the inventions that led to color movies，too.我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影。4watching the tea preparation is just as enjoyable as drinking the tea itself.看沏茶的过程和饮茶本身一样令人愉快。5.because i dont read it anymore.因为我不再读它了。6ive had this magazine for a couple of months.这本杂志我买了好几个月了。7my daughter was more understanding，although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.我的女儿比较通情达理，尽管要失去某些玩具也让她感到难过。话题与情景交际unit 9 谈论过去的经历1have you ever been to a science museum?yes，ive been to a science museum./no，ive never been to a science museum.2ive been to the art museum many times.me，too.and ive also visited the nature museum.3ive never been to a water park.me neither.unit 10 谈论所有物和你周围的事物1how long have you had that bike over there?ive had it for three years!2have you ever played football?yes，i did when i was little，but i havent played for a while now.语法聚焦1.现在完成时(含been，ever和never)2现在完成时(含since，for),知识点解析encourage的用法【名师解析】encourage v意为“鼓励”，常用结构为encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事，其被动形式为：be encouraged to do sth.被鼓励做某事。如：parents should encourage children to do things by themselves.父母应该鼓励孩子独立做事。the young should be encouraged to read more books.青少年应当被鼓励多读书。【对点导练】1i often encourage myself_to_behave_(behave)better in both my life and study.2he looks upset.lets go and_encourage_(鼓励) him.辨析whether与if【名师解析】区别用法例句相同点whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。i wonder whether/if i can get some advice from you.我想知道我能否从你那里得到一些建议。ask him whether/if he can come.问问他是否能来。续表区别用法例句不同点whether 引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not连用，而if一般不能。let me know whether you can come or not.让我知道你是否能来。当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导，而不能用if。whether it is true or not，i cant tell.是真是假，我无法判知。【对点导练】whether, if1emma is not sure_if_she can arrive here on time.2_whether_you can finish it on time or not，please let me know.consider的用法【名师解析】consider作“考虑”讲，后面跟n.，pron.，doing或从句。不能跟动词不定式，但可跟“疑问词不定式”。作“认为”讲，后面可跟从句，也可跟复合宾语。如：im considering going abroad some day.我在考虑有一天能出国。lets consider how to deal with this problem.让我们来思考一下怎样处理这个问题。【知识拓展】有关consider的短语：considerto be认为是consideras把认为是/当作如：he is considered to be our leader.他被当作是我们的领导。she considered john as a bad student.她认为约翰是个差生。【对点导练】1why not consider_visiting_(visit) paris？it is the most fascinating city in the world.2we all_consider_(考虑) mr.liu as a good teacher.he is friendly to us all the time.辨析have been to，have gone to与have been in【名师解析】have been to“曾去过某地”，强调经历，人已经回来 have gone to“到某地去了”，强调去了未回，人不在说话现场 have been in“在某地待了多久”，强调过去到现在一直待在某地注意：当have/has been to和have/has gone to后跟某些地点副词，如here，there和home等时，介词to要省略。【对点导练】have been to, have gone to, have been in1mr.green_has_been_in_this city for three years.2i_have_been_to_hong kong twice and it is really an amazing city.3lisa_has_gone_to_the park for two hours，and i think she will be back soon.ive had this bike for three years.这辆自行车我已经买了三年了。【名师解析】现在完成时常和since及for引导的时间状语连用。since之后常接(1)过去的一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日、钟点)；(2)一段时间ago；(3)从句(从句多用一般过去时)来说明动作起始时间。for之后常接时间段，说明某种情况已经持续了一段时间。句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词。短暂性动词buy可换成have。现在完成时中，对一段时间提问，常用how long。如：my aunt has worked in a bank since 1992.自从1992年我姑姑就在一家银行工作。【对点导练】1自从离开家我就在北京了。i have been in beijing_since_i left home.2ive lived here_for_(since/for) ten years.its really interesting，isnt it？它真的是有趣的，对吗？【名师解析】这是一个反意疑问句。反意疑问句通常由两部分构成：前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是一个附在前一部分上的简单疑问句。如：you are a student，arent you？你是个学生，对吗？反意疑问句前后两部分的人称和时态要一致。如：john doesnt like watching tv，does he？约翰不喜欢看电视，是吗？回答反意疑问句时要根据实际情况，且前后要一致。如：he is an engineer，isnt he？他是一个工程师，难道不是吗？yes，he is./no，he isnt.不，他是。/是，他不是。【知识拓展】(1)陈述部分是