非谓语动词(不定式)PPT课件.ppt

非谓语动词 动词不定式TheinfinitiveoftheVerb 1 基本形式 todo doing done 分词 现在分词 动名词 过去分词 非谓语动词的特点 在句中不充当 谓语动词 2 不定式 todo 一 不定式的时态 语态 一般式完成式进行式完成进行式 todo tohavedone tobedoing tohavebeendoing 被动 tobedone 被动 tohavebeendone 意义 时间 表示的动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或发生在其后 之后发生 同时发生 之前发生 到谓语动作发生时 可能停止 也有可能持续下去 3 Haveatry 1 Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection AtohaveseenBTosee2 Robertissaid abroad butIdon tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin AtohavestudiedBtostudyCtobestudyingDtohavebeenstudying3 Themeeting tomorrowisofgreatimportanceAtobeheldBheldCbeingDtohavebeenheld studies yesterdaywas 4 二 不定式的否定形式 在to前加not或never 即 nottodo nottohavedone nottobeingdoing nottohavebeendoing Haveatry Mrssmithswarnedherdaughter afterdrinking AnevertodriveBtoneverdriveCneverdrivingDneverdriveTomkeptquietabouttheaccident losehisjob AsonotastoBsoasnottoCsoastonotDnotsoasto 5 表语 主语 宾语 不定式 补语 定语 状语 三 不定式在句中充当的成分或功能 6 1 作主语 位置有以下两种 1 把不定式置于句首如 Togotherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour 2 用it作形式主语 把真正的主语 不定式 置于句后 常用于下列句型中 It be n todo 骑自行车去那花了我们半个小时 Ittakesushalfanhourtogotherebybike 7 It be adj forsb todo 对我来说明天到这来比较方便 It be adj ofsb todo Itwasselfishofhimnottocontributeanything of与for的区别 Itwillbeconvenientformetocometomorrow 他什么都不捐献是很自私的 8 It seems appears adj todo视乎 Itseemsimpossibleforhimtounderstandmodernmusic 2 作宾语 作动词宾语 affordtodo learntodo decidetodo 用 it 作形式宾语代替不定式 把不定式置于补语之后 即 动词 it 补语 todo 把做 当做规则 责任 必要地 makeitarule duty responsibility necessarytodosth 9 Idon tthink necessarytomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork AthisBthatCitsDit我认为对我们来说学好一门外语使狠重要的 Ithinkitquiteimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguagewell 3 疑问词 todo 作动词宾语 相当于名词 我不知道如何处理这个问题 Idon tknowhowtodealwiththeproblem 10 Haveatry Whilestillayoungboy Tomknewhowtoplaythepiano 1 当Tom还是晓男孩的时候 他就知道怎样弹钢琴了 2 ItissaidthatinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows AitwhattodowithBwhattodowithitCwhattodowithitDtodowhatwithit3 I veworkedwithchildrenbefore soIknowwhat inmynewjob AexpectedBtoexpectCtobeexpectingDexpects 11 注 有时疑问词前可用介词Ihavenoideaofhowtodoit 3 作补语 1 使役动词后作宾语补足语 getsbtodo leavesbtodo 但have let make后跟不带 to 的动词不定式 即 have let make sb do 2 作感官动词的宾语补足语 see watch lookat notice observe hear listento smell feel find sb do 注意 在被动语态中 还原 to sbbeseentodo sbbewatchedtodosbbelistenedtotodo 12 4 作表语 连系动词 todo be todo 表将来 表目的 谓语通常是 desire hope wish aim purpose Haveatry Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier itmoredifficult AnotmakeBnottomakeCnotmakingDdonotmake 13 Insuchadryweather theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey AhavesurvivedBaretosurviveCwouldsurviveDwillsurvive 注意 当主语部分出现 do或did或does或todo 时 作表语的不定式常不带 to 如 Theonlythingtodoiswritetohim 主语 表语 14 2020 1 8 15 5作定语 1 时间上 表示将来的动作我有很多信要打 接下来的几年 2 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系 每天早上她带报纸给他读若使vi 则需加 介词 他居住在舒适的房子里 Hehasacomfortablehousetolivein Ihavemanyletterstotype yearstoapproach Everymorningshebringshimthepapertoread 16 注意 todo与被修饰词之间若有动宾关系 同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系 尽管有被动含义 却仍用主动形式 若只有动宾关系 却没有逻辑上的主谓关系 则需要用被动形式 1 I mfreenow Ihavelotsofletters 2 Doyouhaveanything ProfessorSmith No thanks A totypeB typingC tobetypedD beingtyped A C Haveatry 在英语学习方面 我们还有很长的路要走 InEnglishstudy westillhavealongwaytogo I mgoingtoBeijingnextweek Doyouhaveanything toyourson tobetaken AreyougoingtoBeijing Doyouhaveanything toyourson totake 用take的正确形式填空 17 3 由only last next 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语 张先生总是第一个到办公室 最后一个走 Mr Zhangisalwaysthefirstman attheofficeand 他是做这个工作的最好人选 Heis thework 6 作状语 1 作目的状语句首 通常用逗号隔开 句尾 不用逗号隔开inordertodo和soastodo也表目的 不位于句首 toarrive thelastmantoleave thebestonetodo 18 Cantheprojectbefinishedasplanned Sure itcompletedintime we llworktwomorehoursaday AhavinggotBtogetCgetting forgetit I llwritedownhispostcode AInordertonotBSoasnottoCHavingnotDInordernotto 19 2 作结果状语 表出乎意料的结果 just never only todoThenewsreportershurriedtotheairport only thefilmstarshadleft AtotellBtobetoldCtellingDtold表结果的还有 so asto such asto enough to too to 3 作原因状语在表心里感受的形容词后用todo Be happy glad sad frightened sorry delighted surprised determined willing todo 20 很抱歉听到这件事 Iwassurprised AwatchinghimtoeatsoquicklyBwatchhimeatsoquicklyCwatchhiseatsoquicklyDtowatchhimeatsoquickly Iamsorrytohearthat 21 Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier itmoredifficult MET99 A notmakeB nottomakeC notmakingD donotmake2 I veworkedwithchildrenbefore soIknowwhat inmynewjob MET2000 A ExpectedB toexpectC tobeexpectingD expects3 Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouplesbutitremains whethertheywillenjoyit MET2001 A toseeB tobeseenC seeingD seen 22 4 CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered thefirstcomputer MET1993 A toinventB inventingC tohaveinventedD havinginvented5 Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas tocarryallthewayhome MET2003 A muchtooheavyB toomuchheavyC heavytoomuchD tooheavymuch 23 24 9 lateintheafternoon Bobturnedoffthealarm 2001年北京春季高考 A TosleepB SleepingC SleepD Havingsleep10 Withalotofdifficultproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime 2002年上海春季高考 A settledB settlingC tosettleD beingsettled 25 11 Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive 2003上海春季高考 A tohaveplayedB toplayC tobeplayedD tobeplaying12 Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket manystateruncompaniesaretrying theirproductsmorecompetitive 2002上海春季高考 A tomakeB makingC tohavemadeD havingmade 26 13 Theteacheraskedus somuchnoise 2003北京春季高考 A don tmakeB notmakeC notmakingD nottomake 27 Homework Finisho