（贵阳专版）中考英语总复习 第三部分 中考题型攻略篇 题型6 基础知识与运用（精讲）试题.doc

题型六基础知识与运用,贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势贵阳市中考基础知识与应用部分的具体题型及赋分如下：题号题型内容题数小题分值分值小计赋分基础知识与运用a.单词拼写及词形转换。(要求考生根据语境和句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。)b短语填空。(要求考生根据语境或句意，从所给的六个短语中选择恰当的短语并用其适当形式完成句子或语篇。)51510515词汇考查方式共有以下两种题型，一种是用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，共5分；一种是从方框中选恰当的词、词组或短语填空，每小题1分，共5分。一般情况下，贵阳市的试题在词语运用部分都是10分，分两种不同的类型考查。基础知识与运用题主要考查学生对于不同语境下英语词形的掌握情况，如对于名词要考虑单数、复数、所有格形式；对于动词要考虑人称、时态、单复数、语态以及非谓语动词等形式；对于代词，要考虑其所指代的不同人称和数的相应形式；对于形容词、副词，要考虑比较级、最高级的变化；对于修饰语，要考虑用形容词修饰名词或代词，用副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子；另外，这一题型还常考查近义词的辨析。2017年的考查方式有：单词拼写及词形转换(要求考生根据语境和句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。)、短语填空(要求考生根据语境或句意，从所给的六个短语中选择恰当的短语并用其适当形式完成句子或语篇。),解题方法与技巧一、用所给词的适当形式填空该题旨在考查考生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力，通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词的词性弄清所给句子的意思确定空白处所需的词性正确写出所填的词。具体操作方法如下：首先要认真阅读句子，正确理解句意。其次要分析应填词在句中充当的句子成分，正确判断应填词的词性。再次要判断所填词应采用的正确词形。若为名词，应注意其单复数、是可数还是不可数，以及是否需要用其所有格形式；若为动词，应注意人称、数、时态、语态及非谓语动词形式；若为修饰语，应注意修饰名词或代词时用形容词，而修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句时要用副词；若为代词，应明确其所指代的人称和数的相应形式；若为形容词、副词，应注意等级变化；若为数词，要注意基数词与序数词的正确选择。二、根据语境或句意，从方框中选择词组或短语填空该题型通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词组或短语的含义弄清所给句子的意思确定空白处所需的短语的意思正确选出所填的词组或短语。(2016贵阳初中毕业生学业考试)a根据语境或句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。1bell invented the telephone by trying many _(time) and learning from his mistakes.2fathers day is on the _(three) sunday of june and its popular in the usa.3if everyone plays a part in saving the earth，the world will be a _(good) place.4the big data expo was held _(successful)in guiyang in may，2016.5today，sky lanterns _(use) at festivals and other celebrations.1times【解析】句意：贝尔在多次尝试和总结错误中发明了电话。根据many提示，time应该用复数，故填times。2third【解析】句意：父亲节在六月的第三个星期天，并且在美国很受欢迎。根据句意这里缺少序数词，修饰sunday，故填third。3better【解析】句意：如果每个人都在拯救地球中起到作用，地球将会变得更好。考查形容词的比较级，根据句意这里填更好，故填better。4successfully【解析】句意：贵阳在2016年五月成功举办了数博会。这里考查副词修饰动词hold，故填successfully。5are used【解析】句意：今天，孔明灯被用于节日和其他庆典中。根据句意，考查被动语态的使用，并且主语sky lanterns是复数，be动词用are，故填are used。b根据语境或句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。take place，according to，are thirsty for，as long as，each other，in the end1great changes will _ in china in the next five years.2all students _ knowledge because it will give them wings to fly.3we can make our dreams come true some day _ we dont give up.4lucy and lily are twins，but they are different from _ in many ways.5_the survey，shopping on the internet is getting more and more common.1take place【解析】句意：在五年内中国将会发生巨大的变化。根据句意填take place。2are thirsty for【解析】句意：所有学生都渴望知识，因为知识会给他们飞翔的翅膀。根据句意填are thirsty for。3as long as【解析】句意：只要我们不放弃，总有一天我们能实现我们的梦想。根据句意填as long as。4each other【解析】句意：露西和莉莉是双胞胎，但她们在许多方面彼此不同。根据句意填each other。5according to【解析】句意：据调查，网上购物越来越普遍。根据句意填according to。a根据语境或句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。1thanksgiving is always on the _fourth/4th_ thursday in november.(four)2erquan yingyue is the most _moving_ piece of music that ive ever heard.(move)3chinese are supposed to shake _hands_ when they meet for the first time.(hand)4jack is talented in sports.he can play basketball as _well_ as his brother.(good)5to protect elephants，we must save the trees and not buy things _made_ of ivory.(make)b根据语境或句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。on weekends，be good at，be thankful to，kind of，belongs to，team leader1i dont like this movie because its _kind_of_ boring.2we should never fail to _be_thankful_to_ the people around us.3i think qianlingshan park is the best place to have fun _on_weekends_4a good _team_leader_ helps everyone to work together in a group.5this book _belongs_to_ mary because jk.rowling is her favorite writer.,2018备考猜押a.根据语境或句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。1i cant understand the sign which was written by _japanese_(japan)2the old man enjoys _collecting_(collect) stamps.3this is an _unusual_(usual) problem，so we should deal with it in a different way.4i think _foxes_(fox) are really smart.5this place is _dangerous_(danger)b根据语境或句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。in common，moremore，worrying about，left out，neithernor，feel like1its a waste of time_worrying_about_ the future.just work hard now.2it is _neither_ too cold _nor_ too hot today.its ve