八年级上Module 1 How to learn English.doc

Module 1 How to learn English Functions and Target language Functions and Target Language掌握提出建议的表达方式：How about?Why dont you?Its a good idea toYou shouldTry toUnit 1 Try not to translate every word. 1、Try not to translate every word.尽量不要把每个单词都翻译出来。（1）try to do sth. 尽力做某事, try not to do sth. 尽力不做某事，表建议。如:Ill try to be a good student.我尽量争取成为一名好学生。Try not to make any noise, the baby is sleeping.尽量不要发出任何噪音，孩子正在睡觉。not to do 是动词不定式的否定形式，即在“to”前加“not”。如：Tell the children not to play football in the street. 告诉孩子们不要在街上踢足球。如果是省“to”的那种不定式直接在动词前加“not”。let /make / have sb. not do sth. Let them not go out. 让他们别出去。（2）translate翻译, 常见搭配translate into“把翻译成” 。如：Would you like to translate English words into your own language? 你愿意把英语翻译成你们自己的语言吗？He translated the speech from Spanish into English. 他把这篇西班牙语讲演稿译成了英语。2、Im going to give you some advice.我打算给你们提一些建议。advice“劝告，建议”不可数名词，没有复数形式。如：some advice一些意见 a piece of advice一条意见give advice提出忠告 take ones advice接受忠告On his advice I am staying in bed. 听他的劝告，我卧床休息。I hope you can give me some advice. 我希望你能给我一些劝告。且advice不能与数词连用，表示“一条建议”时要用a/one piece of advice形式，“两/三/条建议”则为two/three/ pieces of advice.3、Why dont you write it down? Ready?（1）Why dont we (you) do sth.? 为什么不做？表示建议，后加动词原形。Why dont we drive to the park? 我们何不开车去公园呢？OK. 好的。Why dont you read something interesting?你为什么不看一些有趣的东西？同义句为：Why not do? Why dont you go with me? (Why not go with me?) 你为什么不和我去呢？Why dont we stay here? (Why not stay here?) 我们为什么不留下来？（2）write down “写下、记下”。 如果动词短语write down后面跟的宾语是名词短语, 可以放在down后面; 如果是代词, 则放在write和down之间。如:Please write down your name here.请把你的名字写在这儿。Please write it down in your exercise book.请把它写在你的作业本里。4、You should always speak English in class.你们应该经常在课堂上讲英语。You should“你们应该”，表提议、建议。如：You should get up early every day.你应该每天早起。5、What else? 还有什么吗？课文中Ms James就如何学好英语，在为同学们提出一些建议。这里的What else接在前几个表示建议的句子后，相当于：What else should you do?else意为“别的，其他的”，一般用在疑问词或某些代词之后，如：Who else did you see at the meeting? 你在会上还看见谁了？Does anyone else want to read this book？还有别人想要看这本书吗？6、Its a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.每天核查一下自己的词汇笔记是个好方法。本句的结构为“it + be + 表语（形容词 / 名词）+ 不定式”，句中it是形式主语，to check your vocabulary notebook every day是真正的主语，放在句末。如：It is my duty to care for that patient.照料那位病人是我的职责。It is not an easy thing to learn a foreign language well.学好一门外语不是件容易的事。7、How about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English?听听英语广播，读读英文报纸怎么样？How about? 后跟名词、代词或动名词，等于What about ? 征求对方意见，“怎样？”如：What /How about going to Europe for a holiday? 去欧洲度假怎么样？How about an order of spring rolls? 来点春卷怎么样？How about going out for dinner? 出去吃晚餐如何？用How about?提问时，肯定回答有Sure. /Of course. / Certainly. /OK. /Great. / Well. / Good idea. / I agree. 等。否定回答有Sorry / No, you cant. 等。Unit 2 Please help me. 1、Many students ask for advice about improving their English.很多学生询问有关提高他们英语水平的建议。（1）ask for 要求、索要The boy often asks for money. 这个男孩子经常要钱。Dont ask for trouble. 别找麻烦。（2）improve 提高Ill try my best to improve my English. 我将尽力提高我的英语水平。With the help of the teacher, his English is improving.在老师的帮助下，他的英语水平有所提高。2、Many people are shy when they speak English, so before you begin, take a deep breath and smile!许多人在讲英语时不好意思，所以，在开口前，深吸一口气，笑一笑。这里take a deep breath表示“深呼吸”。如：The doctor told me to take a deep breath. 医生让我深吸一口气。Take a deep breath and Ill time you你深深地吸口气，我来给你计时。breath作“呼吸”解，是不可数名词，故短语“喘气”take breath中不用冠词a。如：Half-way up the mountain we stopped to take breath登山的中途，我们停了下来喘口气。当 breath前有形容词作定语，它就作“（吸入）一口气”解，是可数名词，应带a，如：Doctors sometimes say，“Take a deep breath”when they examine you医生给你检查身体时，有时说“请深呼吸”。3、Smiling always helps. 微笑总能起作用的。help在这句话中的意思是“起作用，奏效”。如：If youre feeling so tired, perhaps a little sleep would help.如果你感到非常累的话，也许睡一会儿会好点儿。4、Try to remember eight or ten words a day.试着每天记八到十个单词。remember 通常用做及物动词I remember your face, but cannot remember your name.我记得你的样子，但想不起你叫什么了。Remember to be here before dark.记住要赶天黑前到这儿。remember to do sth.“记得要做某事”remember doing sth.“记得做过某事了”Remember to lock the door when you leave.走之前要记得锁门。I remember telling him the news, but forget when.我记得告诉他这个消息了，但忘记是啥时候了。remember sb. to sb. 代某人向某人问好Remember me to your parents when you see them.见到你父母时代我向他们问好。5、Write them on pieces of paper and place them in your bedroom.把它们写在一些纸上放在你们的卧室里。(1)不可数名词前不能直接跟数词，要用量词，如：a piece of news / advice 一条新闻/建议a piece of meat 一片肉Danny has written the way on a piece of paper. Danny已经把地址写在一张纸上了。When he was a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music. 当他是个小男孩时，他就能够哼唱歌曲和一些较难的音乐篇章。(2)place 放置、安置、安排Place the words in alphabetical order.将单词按字母顺序排列。Unit 3 Language in Use 提建议的表达方式有很多，本课我们学到的主要有以下几种：shouldWhy dont you?Its a good idea toHow about?Try not toEveryone should have a dictionary.每个人都应该有一本字典。Why dont you go out for a walk?你为什么不出去散步呢？Its a good idea to sing English songs.唱英文歌是个不错的方法。How about swimming?游泳怎么样？Try not to break the glass.别把玻璃打破了。Grammar 一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时 本课我们回顾一下以前所学过的这四种时态，从而为本学期的学习奠定扎实的基础。 1、一般现在时(1)一般现在时主要强调事实、经常发生的动作或存在的状态。(2)动词be除第一人称单数用am，第三人称单数用is外，其余一律用are。(3)动词have除第三人称单数用has外，其余一律用have。(4)行为动词（实义动词）除第三人称单数外，其余一概与动词原形同形。(5)动词第三人称单数加s的方法：一般直接在词尾加s: swims, likes, wants以s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾的词，在词尾加es: washes, teaches, goes以辅音字母+y结尾的词，先将y变i再加es: studies, flies(6) 动词第三人称单数加s的读音：清辅音后读/s/: likes, helps浊辅音和元音后读/z/: swims, plays /t/后读/ts/: wants, gets/d/后读/dz/: needs, rides以s, x, ch, sh结尾加的es读/iz/: teaches, guesses(7)句子中常出现频度副词always（总是），often（经常），usually（通常），sometimes（有时），seldom（很少），every day（每天），once a week（每周一次）等。2、现在进行时(1)现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。(2)构成：be（am/is/are）+动词-ing(3)动词-ing叫做现在分词，其构成如下：一般在动词原形末尾加-ing: going, asking, looking以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加-ing: writing, closing, taking以“元音字母辅音字母”的重读音节结尾的动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing: getting, running, swimming, beginning3、一般过去时(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last night, in 1999, two weeks ago等。(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often, always等表示频度的副词连用。(3)规则动词过去式的构成如下：在动词原形末尾+ed: looklooked, playplayed结尾是e的动词+d: livelived, hopehoped结尾是“元音字母+辅音字母”的重读音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再+ed: stopstopped, triptripped结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变y为i，再+ed: study studied, carry carried(4)不规则动词要逐一记忆，可参考不规则动词表。4、一般将来时(1)一般将来时表示将来某一时间的动作或状态。常与tomorrow, next week, from now on, in the future等连用。(2)由助动词shall（第一人称）/will（第二、三人称）+动词原形构成。(3)美国英语则不管什么人称，一律用will。(4)“be going to+动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事：We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们要开会。(5)一些动词（go，come，start，move，sail，leave，arrive，stay等）的进行时态可表示近期的计划和打算：Im leaving for Beijing. 我要去北京。(6)“be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见：Are we to go on with this work? 我们继续干吗？Work alone I. 选择填空（ ）1、His friend Jenny gave him some good _. A. adviseB. advicesC. adviceD. advises（ ）2、 Im sorry that Im late. It doesnt matter this time. But _on time next time.A. try to comeB. try not comeC. dont comeD. dont be（ ）3、Its hard for me _ this sentence _ English.A. to translate; intoB. translate; intoC. to translate; inD. translate; in（ ）4、Lucys phone number is 5-6-3-2-6-4, please on a piece of paper.A. write down themB. write them downC. write it downD. write down it （ ）5、How about _?A. go hikingB. to going to hikeC. go hikeD. going hiking （ ）6、Were trying hard _our English. A. improveB. to improveC. improvesD. improving（ ）7、Remember _ your homework here tomorrow.A. to bringB. to takeC. bringD. take（ ）8、Id like a piece of paper _.A. to writeB. writingC. to write onD. writing on（ ）9、I have a friend _ me with my lessons.A. helpB. helpsC. helpingD. to help（ ）10、_ stop to have a rest?A. What aboutB. How aboutC. Why not toD. Would you like to. 补全对话John: Hello, Jim. May I come in?Jim: Oh, hello, John. Yes, come in, please.John: You dont look very well. Whats the matter?Jim: _(1).John: Oh dear! Why dont you go to bed for a rest?Jim: _(2)John: Shall I call him and tell him youre ill?Jim: _(3)John: OK. Ill do that. Im going to the shops now. Can I get you some medicine?Jim: _(4)John: Yes, of course. Is there anything else I can do?Jim: _(5)John: See you later then. Take care!A. Oh, yes, please. His number is in the phone book.B. No, Ill be all right. Thanks for your help.C. My head hurts and I feel really hot.D. Could you buy me a bottle of aspirin（阿司匹林）, please?E. It doesnt hurt very much.F. I cant. I will play pong-pong with our teacher this afternoon.G. Do you think its a good idea?. 完形填空It is interesting to visit another country, but there were sometimes problems when we dont know the 1 very well. It may be 2 to talk with the people there. We may not know how to use the telephone in the country we are visiting. We may not know how to buy the 3 we need. In a 4 country we might not know where to eat or what to order in a 5 . It is not easy to decide how 6 to tip （给小费）waiters or taxi drivers. When we need help, we might not know how to ask for help. It is not pleasant to have an experience （经历） 7 that. 8 a short time, however, we learn what to do and what to 9 . We learn to enjoy life in another country, and then we may be 10 to leave. （ ）1A. people B. countryC. language D. words（ ）2A. easyB. difficultC. happy D. tired（ ）3A. thingsB. shopping C. something D. anything（ ）4A. strangeB. knownC. native D. new（ ）5A. schoolB. shop C. restaurant D. hospital（ ）6A. oftenB. many C. soonD. much（ ）7A. asB. forC. like D. with（ ）8A. Before B. AfterC. ForD. In（ ）9A. speak B. talk C. tell D. say（ ）10A. sorryB. glad C. worriedD. interested. 阅读理解I was in a strange city, besides I could not speak a word of the language. After having spent my first day in the town center, I decided to lose my way on my second day, since I believed that this was the surest way of getting to know the strange city.I rode on a bus for several stops, then got off it and walked on. The first two hours passed pleasantly enough. Then I decided to turn back to my hotel for lunch. I wanted to ask the way. But the trouble was that the only word I knew of the language was the name of the street my hotel was in.I stopped to ask a newspaper-seller. He smiled and handed me a paper. I shook my head and repeated the name of the street and he put the paper into my hands. I had to give him some money and went on my way. The next person I asked was a policeman. The policeman listened to me carefully. There was a strange look in his eyes as he pointed left and right and left again. I nodded politely and began walking in the direction he pointed. About an hour passed and I noticed that the houses were getting fewer and fewer and green fields were seen on either side of me. I knew the only thing left for me to do was to find the nearest railway station.（ ）1、The writer believed that if you wanted to get to know a strange city, _.A. You should go everywhere on footB. You should have a mapC. You should ask people the way D. You should get lost（ ）2、The newspaper-seller _.A. could understand what he saidB. didnt know what he saidC. laughed at himD. didnt want to take the money（ ）3、The writers real trouble was that _.A. he couldnt speak the language B. he followed the policemans directionC. he took the wrong busD. he left the town-center（ ）4、The policeman _.A. didnt help himB. pointed at himC. didnt understand what he really meantD. didnt know the way（ ）5、Towards the end of the story, the writer _.A. got closer to his hotelB. found that he was much farther away from the hotelC. got to the hotel with the help of the policemanD. found the hotel in the direction the policeman pointed. 书面表达（A）请认真阅读Mike写给Ellie的信，找出Mike目前遇到的问题：（4分）Dear Ellie，I really need some advice. I will finish college soon and I must decide about