北京地区珍稀鸟类生态分布的GIS分析.docx

北京地区珍稀鸟类生态分布的GIS分析: DF(4280 KB) HTML (1 KB) 输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS) 摘要 为研究生物多样性恢复态势及其分布特点,借助ArcGIS 9郾3 地理信息系统软件建立了基于GIS 的北京地区9目66 种国家重点保护鸟类的生态分布数据库,并对不同时期的分布范围进行了分析。结果显示,珍稀鸟类的总体分布呈现相对集中的态势,在山区多见于植被良好的原生林区、水库与河流附近,在平原区主要见于人为干扰较少的城市公园和绿地,在农耕区则出现大片空白。通过对比国家玉级重点保护鸟类在20 世纪90 年代前后的生态分布发现,动物活动位点较分散,但随着时间的推移,新出现3 个目珍稀鸟类(雁形目中华秋沙鸭、鸡形目褐马鸡、鴴形目遗鸥),原有3 个目的分布位点也出现扩展。国家域级重点保护鸟类的分布位点呈现较为明显的扩张,新出现花尾榛鸡和蓑羽鹤,但黑浮鸥和黑脸琵鹭未见分布。这些结果表明,随着北京市森林和湿地生态系统的修复与重建,珍稀鸟类的总体生态分布呈现良性恢复,但也存在珍稀物种消失的现象,因此,加强野生动物栖息地保护依然是一个长期的生态环境建设过程。GIS 数据库为今后建设北京地区珍稀野生动物生态分布管理平台奠定了基础,对于从景观层次提出野生动物种群及栖息地保护对策有着重要的应用价值。服务把本文推荐给朋友 加入我的书架 加入引用管理器 E-mail AlertRSS作者相关文章关键词 ：GIS 数据库;, 珍稀鸟类, 北京, 生态分布 Abstract：In order to figure out the status of biodiversity restoration and distribution characteristics, we aliedArcGIS 9. 3 software system to establish a GIS database for the ecological distribution of 66 secies ofbirds under state key rotection belonging to nine orders, and analyzed the distribution trend at differenteriods. The results showed that the overall distribution of the rare birds was concentrated around originalforests with high quality vegetation, reservoirs and big rivers in mountainous areas, city arks andwoodlands with less human disturbance in lain areas; however, there was no distribution in farmlandareas. Comaring the ecological distribution sites of birds under State Key rotection Class I before andafter the 1990s, it was found that the distribution was sarse, but three new secies aeared after the1990s, namely Chinese merganser (Mergus squamatus ), brown eared heasant (Crossotilonmantchuricum) and relict gull (Larus relictus). Furthermore, the distribution sites of revious threeorders exanded. The birds under State Key rotection Class II also had an exansion trend indistribution with two new secies of the hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia) and demoiselle crane (Grusvirgo); however, the black tern (Chlidonias niger) and black-faced soonbill (latalea minor) couldnot be found. The above results revealed that there is a ositive recover for the overall distribution of therare birds with the restoration of forests and wetlands in Beijing. The fact that some secies disaearedrecently indicated that rotection of the habitat of wildlife is still a long-term rocess of constructingecological environment. The GIS database lays the groundwork for building the management latform ofrare wild animal distributions in Beijing, and ossesses the imortant alicable value for the measures ofrotecting