辽宁省珲市高考英语语法填空和阅读能力训练（9）.doc

辽宁珲春市2015高考英语语法填空和阅读能力训练（9）及答案语法填空。阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当 的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位 置上。the 2,298-kiiometer beijing-guangzhou high-speed railway 16_ (official) opened to passengers on december 26，2012. it is the worlds longest high-speed rail route. the 17_ (design)speed of the track is 350 km, though speeds during the initial period of operation will be limited to about 300 km/h. the new route cuts the travel time between beijing and guangzhou 18 almost two thirds, from 22 hours to roughly eight hours .on december 1, 2012，not long before the opening of the beijing-guangzhou high-speed railway, the harbin-dalian high-speed railway, 19_ first high-speed line ever to cross land that lies frozen for almost half a year, began operations, 20_ allows passengers to appreciate the view off the coast from dalian in the morning, 21_ the winter snowscape of frosty harbin in the afternoon .at present the total 22_ (long) of high-speed lines in china 23_(reach)9,349 km. with four main lines 24_ (run) east-west and four north-south, the countrys high-speed train network is the worlds largest. china plans to expand 25_ high-speed railway network to 50，000 km by 2020, to cover almost all large and medium-sized cities.【参考答案】语法填空：16. officially 17. designed 18. by 19. the 20. which 21. and 22.length 23. has reached 24.running 25. its完形填空if you make one close friend in school, you will be the most fortunate. a true friend is someone who stays with you for life. 1teaches that is right: a good friendship is not easily2. it is possible that we simply do not stay in one place long enough for a3friendship to develop. however, there can be4disagreement on the need for each of us to think carefully about the kinds of friendship we5. to most of us, 6is considered very important, but we need to be clear in our7about the kinds of friendship we want. are they to be close or8at arms length? do we want to9ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? for some people, many friendships on the surface are10enoughand thats all right. but at some point, we need to11that our expectations are the same as our friends expectations. the sharing of personal experience12our tears as well as our dark dreams is the surest way to deepen friendships. but it13be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there are14of interest and actions in return. what are some of the15of friendship? the greatest is the attraction to expect too much too soon. deep relationships16time. another“major difficulty”is the selfishness to think one“possesses”the other, including his time and attention. similarly, friendships17actions in return. in18words, you must give as much as you take. finally there is a question of taking care of the friendship. unless you spend19time together, talking on the phone, and writing letters, friendships will die20. 【文章大意】人人都渴望友谊。那么如何才能培养和发展真正的友谊呢? 现实生活中, 人与人之间的友谊又常常面临哪些困难呢? 该如何克服这些困难, 让你和朋友们的友谊不至于逐渐消失呢? 读完本文, 你就会找到这些问题的答案。1. a. knowledgeb. teacherc. experienced. parent【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。由语境可知。“a true friend is someone who stays with you for life. ”是由生活经验总结出来的。所以选experience。2. a. understoodb. formedc. realizedd. produced【解析】选b。背景常识题。友谊(friendship)是form(培养)出来的, 而不是understand(理解), realize(实现)或produce(生产)的。3. a. trueb. commonc. deepd. actual【解析】选a。逻辑推理题。由上文的“a good friendship”可知, 此处应是a true friendship“真正的友谊”。4. a. nob. somec. anyd. none【解析】选a。逻辑推理题。there is no disagreement on. . . “在方面是没有分歧的”。5. a. findb. getc. wantd. receive【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。由前文的need可断定这里应该选want, the kinds of friendship we want“我们所想要的那种友谊”; 且下段有提示。6. a. disagreementb. friendshipc. wantd. receive【解析】选b。词汇复现题。全文一直在谈友谊, 下文也有暗示。7. a. heartsb. thoughtsc. actionsd. minds【解析】选b。词语辨析题。下面几句列举的都是想法, 所以用thought“思想, 想法”, 指一般概念。mind指“思维, 理智, 注意力”。8. a. remainedb. leftc. stayedd. kept【解析】选d。词语辨析题。这里表示的是“使友谊保持一定距离(at arms length)”这一状态, 只能用及物动词keep。9. a. ownb. owec. shared. spare【解析】选c。词汇复现题。根据下文的the sharing of personal experience可知。share ourselves“我们之间相互分享”。10. a. thatb. veryc. notd. quite【解析】选d。逻辑推理题。由下文的“and thats all right”可知, 这里要表达的是肯定的意思, quite enough“足够”。11. a. make sureb. rememberc. expectd. check out【解析】选a。逻辑推理题。由上下文可知, 确保(make sure)我们的期望值和朋友的期望值一样是获得友谊的基础。12. a. andb. orc. includingd. besides【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。including表示包括。13. a. canb. needc. willd. must【解析】选d。逻辑推理题。句意: (尽管别人分享自己的经历能加深友谊, )但这一活动必须(must)在对方表现出兴趣或有回报的活动等类似的迹象时才能慢慢进行。14. a. marksb. sightsc. scenesd. signs【解析】选d。词语辨析题。sign“征兆, 迹象”。15. a. difficultiesb. differencesc. advantagesd. things【解析】选a。词汇复现题。该部分讲述了发展友谊的两大困难: the attraction to expect too much too soon和the selfishness, 也可以从下面的another“major difficulty”得到启示。16. a. costb. spendc. askd. take【解析】选d。词语辨析题。上文提到发展友谊最大的困难就是期望尽快得到太多的东西, 也就是说像友谊这样的深层关系需要时间, take“需要, 花费”。spend也可以指花费时间, 但主语应是表示人的词语。17. a. requireb. requestc. dependd. suggest【解析】选a。逻辑推理题。上文提到友谊的第二大困难: 自私, 想占有对方的时间和注意力。因此要发展友谊需要(require)有回报的行动。18. a. someb. manyc. otherd. different【解析】选c。固定搭配题。“you must give as much as you take”是对上句“friendships require actions in return”的解释说明, 所以用in other words, 意思是“换句话说”。19. a. enoughb. comfortablec. lessd. a lot【解析】选a。逻辑推理题。句意: 除非你们有足够的时间在一起、打电话、写信, 你们的友谊才不会停止。下文所列举的“talking on the phone, and writing letters”需要足够的时间去做, 才能使友谊经久不衰。20. a. forb. awayc. outd. from【解析】选b。词语辨析题。die away事物逐渐消失; 慢慢变弱。die for为而死; die out灭绝; die from死于, 均不符合句意。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013湖北，c)weve reached a strangesome would say unusualpoint. while fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the world health organization (who), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight. its the good life thats more likely to kill us these days.worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. whats going on?we really dont have many excuses for our weight problems. the dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting throughup to a point.in the 1970s, finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause. not any more. a publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.maybe that explains why the percentage of people in finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. that has become a sort of fashion. no wonder it ranks as the worlds most bodyconscious country.we know what we should be doing to lose weightbut actually doing it is another matter. by far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. more than half of us admit we lack willpower.others blame good food. they say: its just too inviting and it makes them overeat. still others lay the blame on the americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much americanstyle fast food.some also blame their parentstheir genes. but unfortunately, the parents are wronged because theyre normal in shape, or rather slim.its a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. parents are eager to see their kids shape up. do as i saynot as i do.文章大意：本文讲述的是世界上的人们，因为生活变好，而导致的肥胖问题已经成为一个日益严峻的问题，本文深刻剖析了引起肥胖的各种原因，警醒人们要以健康为重。9what is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence?athe good life is a greater risk than the bad life.bstarvation is taking more peoples lives in the world.cwho report shows peoples unawareness of food safety.doverweight issue remains unresolved despite whos efforts.答案：a推理判断题，第一段主要讲述人们在为了消除世界饥饿问题而大伤脑筋之时，过度肥胖却是另外一个更令人头痛的事情，甚至比饥饿问题更加严峻，因此选a。10why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight?aa lot of effective diet pills are available.bbody image has nothing to do with good food.cthey have been made fully aware of its dangers.dthere are too many overweight people in the world.答案：c细节理解题，根据文章the dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns可知，此事已经深入人心。11the example of finland is used to illustrate _.athe cause of heart diseasebthe fashion of body shapingcthe effectiveness of a campaigndthe history of a bodyconscious country答案：c细节理解题，根据文章的not any more. a publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades可知，这场运动使得这个问题的解决起了很大的作用，因此选c。12which would be the best title for the passage?aactions or excuses? boverweight or underweight?cwho in a dilemma dno longer dying of hunger答案：a整体理解题，本文主要论述了人们对于肥胖的各种借口和理由，却没有意识到我们应该采取行动去解决这个问题，由its a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. parents are eager to see their kids shape up可以得出暗示。阅读理解。there were smiling children all the way. charily they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards penang. often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. this is the simple village people of malaysia. i was moved. i had always traveled to malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time i was on a train. i did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. i looked about the train. there was not one familiar face. i sighed and sat down to read my economics. it was not long before the train was across the causeway and in malaysia. johor bauru was just another city like singapore, so i was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. as we went beyond the city, i watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. then the first village came into sight, immediately i came alive; i decided to wave hack. from then on my journey became interesting. i threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in malaysian life. then everything came alive. the mountains seemed to speak to me. even the trees were smiling. i stared at everything as if i was looking at it for the first time. the day passed fast and i even forgot to have my lunch until i felt hungry. i looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00 pm. soon the train pulled up at butterworth. i looked at the people all around me. they all looked beautiful. when my uncle arrived with a smile, i threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug (拥抱). i had never don