湖南省长沙市芙蓉区高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（7）.doc

湖南省长沙市芙蓉区2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（7）阅读理解。why should mankind explore space? why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on earth? these are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. what drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? the wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. with knowledge, we can lessen its effects.exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. resources may be more than physical possessions. knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. the techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. we have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!while many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. while space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. the danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.while earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. it is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.本文是一篇议论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域包括太空的能力。人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处，但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。1why does the author mention the questions in paragraph 1?ato express his doubts.bto compare different ideas.cto introduce points for discussion.dto describe the conditions on earth.答案：c。推理判断题。作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。2what is the reason for exploring space based on paragraph 2?ahumans are natureborn to do so.bhumans have the tendency to fight.chumans may find new sources of food.dhumans dont like to stay in the same place.答案：a。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。3the underlined word “spinoffs” in paragraph 4 probably refers to _.asurvival chances bpotential resourcescunexpected benefitsdphysical possessions答案：c。词义猜测题。后面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处，好处”。4what makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?aour genetic makeup. bresources on the earth.cthe adaptive ability of humans.dbyproducts in space exploration.答案：c。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。5which of the statements can best sum up the passage?aspace exploration has created many wonders.bspace exploration provides the best value for money.cspace exploration can benefit science and technology.dspace exploration may help us avoid potential problems on earth.答案：d。主旨大意题。a、b两项可以容易地排除。全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处，而不是对科技的益处。阅读理解。visiting u.s. president george w. bush said in beijing friday that both china and the united states should encourage bilateral(双边的) contacts and exchanges to promote mutual(相互) understanding. “its important for our political leaders to come to china,” said bush, who gave a speech friday morning at qinghua university, one of the most prestigious universities in china. his working visit to china and discussions with oinghua students “help promote” sino-u.s.(中美) relations, bush said in response to a students question about what he would do to promote sino-u.s. relations. “many people in my country are very interested in china,” he said, adding that these americans have learned more about chinas culture and the chinese people. he said that he would keep encouraging such contacts and exchanges between the two countries. bush said that he would describe back home what he has seen here and that china as a great nation not only has a “great history” but also an “unbelievably exciting future.” the president said that the 2008 olympic games would make a significant opportunity for the rest of the world to understand china, which enables more people to come to china and feel the modernization taking place, and many more people will see it on the television. bush arrived in beijing thursday for a two-day working visit to china. 1. what the word “prestigious” in the second paragraph probably means? a. great b. famous c. honorable d. modest答案解析：答案为b。本题为词义猜测题。结合 “prestigious” 所在的上下文， “who gave a speech friday morning at qinghua university, one of the most prestigious universities in china.” 根据常识，清华大学在我国非常著名，故答案为b。2. which of the sentence is not true? a. bush think bilateral contacts and mutual understanding will promote sino-u.s. relations. b. many americans are interested in china. c. bush and the students of qinghua discussed something about how to make china richer and stronger. d. the 2008s olympic games is a great change for china been known by the world. 答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节判断题。由第一段内容可知，a选项符合文意。由第四段 “many people in my country are very interested in china,”可知，b选项符合文意。由倒数第二段内容可知，d选项符合文意。只有c选项“布什和清华大学的学生讨论如何使中国更富强”未提及。故答案为c。3. many americans are interested in china because _. a. they want to come here to take part in the 2008 olympic games b. they have learned something of china and they want to learn more c. china has been taking place great change d. china has a “great history” and “unbelievably exciting future” 答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节题。由第四段“adding that these americans have learned more about chinas culture and the chinese people.”可知，答案为b。4. the narrator(叙述者) of the passage was most probably _. a. a reporter b. a psychologist c. a politician d. a sociologist答案解析：答案为a。本题为推理题。根据文章的内容可判断文章的体裁为新闻报道，叙述者最有可能是记者。故答案为a。阅读理解。a senior united nations childrens fund(unicef) official on may 29 praised china for its remarkable achievements in childrens welfare. a. h. m. farook, unicefs operations area officer for china and mongolia said that china “can be very satisfied to tell the whole world what can be done with limited resources to help its children to grow healthily and happily.” chinas child population makes up one-fifth of the worlds total. “the reason behind the tremendous(巨大的) achievement is chinas long tradition of caring for children both at home and in society,” he said. “whats more is that chinese people have always given special attention to children who are in special need.” the un official made the remarks when addressing a group of 50 children and staff from the beijing childrens welfare home at the shangri-la hotel, beijing. the hotel invited the orphans to share snacks, sing, dance and play games at a park inside the hotel for a “share the sunshine” party, as a prelude(前奏) to celebrations to mark the childrens day. the beijing childrens welfare home, set up soon after new china was founded in 1949, has at present more than 400 children. a leading official of the welfare institution said that the children live a happy life and that the agency spends 400500 yuan a month for an average orphan. an average chinese workers earned 440 yuan a month during the first quarter this year. gu xiaojin, deputy secretary-general of the china youth development foundation(cydf), said people from all walks of life have contributed to the welfare of the chinese children. she said that cydf set up the project hope in 1989, which calls on people across the country to donate money to help poor children to continue their schooling. by the end of last year, she said, cydf had collected nearly 700 million yuan in donations, which has helped the establishment of 2, 074 hope primary schools and enabled more than 1. 25 million dropouts to return to school classrooms. three “hope stars” also attended the party. they were model teenagers chosen among students who are economically supported by the project hope to further their nine-year compulsory(义务) studies in the poverty-stricken regions. they will be torchbearers(火炬接力者) for the chinese team for the up coming atlanta olympic games this year. 1. children can grow healthily and happily as long as _. a. parents take good care of them both at home and in society b. the whole society care for children as well as their parents c. schools and teachers pay much attention to the growth of children d. chinese people always give special attention to children who are in special need 答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节题。由第三段 “the reason behind the tremendous achievement is chinas long tradition of caring for children both at home and in society,” 可知，儿童能够健康快乐地成长的条件是社会和家庭共同的关心，故b选项符合文意。a选项只强调了父母的作用，c选项只强调了学校和教师的作用，都太片面，均不选；d选项的 “always”一词显得太过绝对化，故不选。2. every year the beijing childrens welfare home spends _ on the orphans a. 1, 920, 000 yuan b. 2, 160, 000 yuan c. over 2, 400, 000 yuan d. 2, 200, 000 yuan or so答案解析：答案为d。本题为推理计算题。题干要求推算出beijing childrens welfare home在孤儿身上一年的花费，由第六段 “the beijing childrens welfare home, has at present more than 400 children.” 和第七段 “ the agency spends 400500 yuan a month for an average orphan.” 可以推算，一年的费用在1, 920, 000元到2, 400, 000元之间，然而费用不会恰好是2, 160, 000元，只有d选项的答案最为准确。3. cydf collected 700 million yuan with the purpose of _. a. reducing dropouts b. helping homeless orphans c. supporting the chinese team for the coming atlanta olympic games d. establishing 2, 074 hope primary schools all over the country答案解析：答案为a。本题为细节推理题。由倒数第二段 “ by the end of last year, she said, cydf had collected nearly 700 million yuan in donations, which has helped the establishment of 2, 074 hope primary schools and enabled more than 1. 25 million dropouts to return to school classrooms.”可知，cydf筹集的资金用于帮助建立希望工程小学，让失学儿童返校，a选项和d选项都是文章所提到的，然而a选项“减少失学儿童”是这笔资金的最终目的，d选项是达到此目的的方式，故答案为a。4. we can infer from the text that _. a. every chinese child has its own special need, so we should pay special attention to each. b. all the children in the poverty-stricken regions of china are too poor to go to school. c. ever since liberation. the chinese communist party has been concerned about the growth of the younger generation. d. with the help of unicef officials, there are no more dropouts in china. 答案解析：答案为c。本题为推理题。由第六段 “the beijing childrens welfare home, set up soon after new china was founded in 1949, has at present more than 400 children.” 可知，自从新中国建立以来，the beijing childrens welfare home 里收养了400多名孤儿，可以推断c选项 “自从解放以来，中国共产党一直关心儿童的成长”与文意符合。故答案为c。由第四段 “whats more is that chinese people have always given special attention to children who are in special need.” 可知，需要给予有特别需求的儿童特别关注，a选项意为“给每个儿童特别关注” 曲解了文章的意思，故错误，b、d选项表述错误，均不选。5. it is possible that this passage was written in _. a. 1992 b. 1996 c. 1998 d. 2000答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节题。由最后一段最后一句话 “they will be torchbearers for the chinese team for the up coming atlanta olympic games this year.”可知，此文章写于亚特兰大奥运会举办的那一年，而这年是在1996年。故答案为b。完形填空。it was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university. on the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors gathered, discussing the exam due to begin in a few_1_. on their faces was confidence(自信). this was their last examthen on to_2_and jobs.some talked of jobs they already had; others talked of jobs they_3_get. with the certainty of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take_4_of the world.the approaching exam, they knew, would be a(n)_5_task. the professor had said they could bring_6_books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they did not_7_each other during the test._8_they entered the classroom. the professor passed out the papers. and smiles_9_on the students faces as they noticed there were only five essaytype questions.three hours had passed_10_the professor began to collect the papers. the students no longer looked confident. on their faces was a frightened expression. paper in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class.he looked at the_11_faces before him, and then asked，“how many completed all five questions？”_12_a hand was raised.“how many answered four？”still no hands.“three? two？”the students moved restlessly in their seats.“one, then? certainly somebody finished_13_.” but the class remained silent.the professor put down the papers. “that is exactly what i_14_，”he said. “i just want to impress upon you that, _15_you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the_16_you dont know. these questions you could not answer are relatively_17_in everyday practice.” then, smiling, he added，“you will all_18_this course, but remembereven though you are now college graduates, your education has just_19_.”the years have_20_the name