寒假专题——关于“阅读理解”题型的解题技巧.doc

年 级初一学 科英语版 本人教版（新目标）内容标题寒假专题（三） 关于“阅读理解”题型的解题技巧编稿老师刘玉荣【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：寒假专题（三） 关于“阅读理解”题型的解题技巧教学过程一. 常见题型阅读理解常见题型有：阅读文章选择合适的词汇填空或选择合适的句子填空。根据题目特点可以分为四类1. 直接理解性题目 这类题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答。有的可以从句中直接找到答案。2. 词语理解性题目 题目要求对文中个别难词，关键词，词组或句子作出解释。解答这类题目时需要对有关的上下文，甚至整篇文章准确理解才能作出正确选择3. 逻辑推理性题目 这种类型的题目有一定的难度，不能直接从文中找到答案。必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深入理解后，才能找到答案。4. 归纳概括性题目 在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章作出归纳和概括。解这类题目不能断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题、主题、结论的有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识和生活知识进行推理判断，从而获取文章所隐含的信息。二. 解题步骤1. 浏览问题，明确要求先把文章后的问题从头到尾看一遍，做到心中有数，以便做到带着问题阅读文章，这样有助于抓住问题的关键，做到有的放矢，节约时间。2. 速读全文，弄懂大意 快速通读全文，尤其要重视标题开头段（观点）、结尾段（结论）以及各段的首句，这个过程不能因个别生词和个别难句影响阅读速度和对整篇文章含义的连贯理解，学会根据上下文关系，仔细推敲，猜测含义。3. 细读题目，突破难点 对于直接理解性题目可以从文中找到答案。对于其他题目可以根据自己所学的知识和文章的线索，进行合理的分析和推理，带着疑问，跳读文章，找出正确答案。4. 综观全文，验证答案 做完题后，立足整体，把全文再通读一遍，逐一核对答案，澄清一些模糊的认识，要注意答案是否前后照应。有些答案从局部看也许正确，但从整体看可能不对，发现错误及时纠正。综观全文是做阅读理解的最后的重要的一步，不容忽视。三. 阅读技巧1. 成组视读在阅读时，应养成“成组视读”的习惯，（不是逐词阅读）即按照意群将一个长句或段落划分成若干单位来阅读。这样阅读速度就会提高。2. 猜测词义 遇到生词，要努力猜测词义，甚至跳过去。文章中是允许有一定的生词的。若想不让这些生词影响阅读有两个方法：猜测和忽略。若生词不影响对文章的理解，可以忽略。若为关键词，可以从两方面猜测：上下文意思。He usually gets up early every day. He gets up at five oclock. 构词法 即根据单词的前缀和后缀猜测。He is interested in Chinese history. He likes Beijing Opera. 3. 抓住关键句在理解时，应力求抓准文章的关键词句，不要把注意力平均分配，尤其要注意文章的第一段和每段的第一句或最后一句。四. 解题指导A Do you like children? Do you have free time in the afternoon? We need a babysitter for our son. He is six years old. From Monday to Friday, 3:00 pm to 6:00 pm. Sometimes you needed to work on the weekend. The pay is $4 per hour For the job, you will: Watch our son Read to him Play with him You will work at our house. We live in Seoul, near City Hall subway station. Please call Miss Lee at 2956-4938. 1. On Friday, the babysitter will _. A. not work B. work three hours C. live in Seoul D. watch TV 2. What is not part of the job?A. Cooking for the child B. Working at the childs house C. Reading books to the child D. Looking after the child3. The babysitter must _. A. go to Miss Lees office B. take the bus to work C. work every Saturday and Sunday D. play with the child4. Which is true?A. The pay is more on weekends B. The babysitter must work six days a week. C. The people can call 2956-4938 D. The child is seven years old. 5. The best people for the job_ A. cant read story books B. is busy on Wednesday afternoonC. is good at singing D. likes playing with children. BJack Smith is an important man, so he is often asked to give a speech at meetings（会议）. He likes giving speeches at meetings. He loves the sound of his own voice. “I just want to say a few words,” he always begins. Then he says a thousand or more words. No one likes listening to him. Then one day he begins his speech with words, “I just want to say a few words,” and then he gives a short speech. He speaks for about three minutes and then sits down. After the meeting a friend says, “That is a very different speech, and it is a very short speech you give. Why dont you give your speech as long as before?”“The last time I speak,” Jack says, “I hear two men whisper to each other. One man asks what comes after this speech. And the other man answer tomorrow” 1. Which is true about Mr. Smith?A. He gives good speeches B. He gives long speeches. C. He gives funny speeches D. He doesnt give speeches often. 2. Why do people often ask him to give a speech?A. Because he is free. B. Because he is funnyC. Because he is important. D. Because he likes speaking3. Why does the man say “tomorrow” is after the speech?A. Because he doesnt know the day B. Because his friend is busy. C. Because the speech is too longD. Because Mr. Smith will give a speech the next day. 4. What do people do when they whisper?A. They laugh loudly B. They say loudly. C. They speak very softly. D. They talk with each other. 【模拟试题】（答题时间：40分钟）ADear Mr. Wang, Someone comes to the office to see you in the morning, but you and your wife are out. He comes here at 10 a.m. Because he is very busy, he goes away half an hour later. He tells me that he is your classmate at college（大学）. Now he teaches Chinese in a high school（高中）in this city and he lives near the No. 6 Middle School. He is a very tall man with short hair. He wears a pair of glasses. He tells me his telephone number is 33426685. He is often at home at 7:00 pm. So you can call him in the evening. 1. The author（作者）writes this note（便条）to _. A. Mr. Wang B. Mr. Wangs wife C. Mr. Wangs classmate D. Me 2. Mr. Wangs classmate is _. A. a teacher B. a worker C. a farmer D. an actor3. When is Mr. Wangs classmate often at home?A. In the morning B. In the evening. C. At 7:00. D. We dont know. 4. How long does Mr. Wangs classmate stay in the office?A. Ten hours. B. An hour. C. Two hours. D. Half an hour. 5. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Mr. Wang and his wife are classmates. B. Mr. Wangs classmate is short. C. Mr. Wang goes out with Mrs. Wang in the morning. D. Mr. Wangs classmate meets Mr. Wang in the morning. BTom is a young man. He has a very big dog and he has a very small car, too. He likes playing tennis. Today he plays tennis for two hours at the club and then he wants to go home by car. His dog comes after him, but it does not jump（跳）into the same car. It jumps into the next car. Come here, foolish dog! Tom shouts（喊）at it, but the dog still stays in the next car. Tom puts his key into the lock（锁）of the car, but the key does not turn（转动）. Then he looks at the car again. It is not his car! He is in the wrong car! And the dog is in the right car! 1. Tom has a big _. A. dog B. house C. car D. key2. Today Tom plays _ for two hours. A. soccer B. tennis C. volleyball D. baseball3. Tom wants to _ by car. A. go to work B. go to school C. go home D. go to the club 4. When Tom puts his key into the lock of the car, the key _. A. doesnt turn B. turns C. is lost D. is wrong5. In fact （事实上），_ is in the right car. A. Tom B. Toms bag C. Toms dog D. Toms keyCA: Hello, Jim! What do you often do on Sundays?B: I often go to a movie with my mother. A: What kind of movie do you like?B: I like action movies. A: Does your mother like action movies?B: No. She likes comedies. What about you , Rick? Do you often go to a movie on Sundays? A: No, I dont. I like singing and dancing at home. B: Oh, my sister Sally also likes singing. She can sing English songs. She can sing Andy Laus English song A Better Day. A: Oh, what class is your sister in?B: Ha, she is only five years old. She doesnt go to school. 1. Jims mother often _ on Sundays. A. draws B. sings with her daughter C. goes to a movie D. dances2. Rick is _ on Sundays. A. in the art club B. at home C. at school D. at Jims home3. This conversation tells us Sally_. A. can dance B. often goes to a movie C. doesnt go to school D. cant sing4. Jims mother likes_. A. Andy Lau B. A Better Day C. action movies D. comedies5. 下面符合文意的一项是A. Jim can sing English songs B. Jims sister is only five years oldC. Rick can draw D. Andy Lau cant singDSally is an English girl. She is my English teacher, Mrs Browns daughter. She is only five years old. （A）她没有上学. She likes playing ping-pong. Her favorite ping-pong player is Zhang Yining. Sally is in the ping-pong club. She goes to the ping-pong club every day. She plays ping-pong for two hours there. Sally has a sister. Her name is Maria. She is in our class. She likes running. She runs with her mother every morning. （B）Her favorite running star is Liu Xiang. Maria says want to be a running star like Liu Xiang. 1. 根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正误。a. Mrs Brown is also Marias teacher. b. Maria goes to the ping-pong club every day. 2. Mrs Brown teaches_ A. P. E. B. English C. ping-pong D. math 3. Mrs Brown _ every morning. A. runs with Maria B. runs with SallyC. plays ping-pong D. play with Maria4. 将句中（A）处划线句子翻译为英语。5. 将句中（B）处划线句子翻译为汉语。 *EGood evening, everyone! Its 8:00 p.m. The party for the new year of 2008 begins. Most of the people in