（压轴专讲）中考英语命题要点强化与新题预测 动词语态(1).doc

2014年中考命题要点强化与新题预测动词语态【考点串讲】中考对动词语态的考查主要是不同时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。 高频考向一语态用法的重点动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。动词中，只有及物动词有被动语态。 【例1】【2013，江西】the chinese writer has got lots of fans in france.his new book _ into french as soon as it came out. awas translated btranslated cis translated dtranslates 解析：“他的新书”作主语，应使用被动语态；且从句的动作与主句的动作几乎同时发生，从句为一般过去时，主句也应使用一般过去时。答案：_a_ 【例2】【2013，盐城】in the past few years，thousands of films _ all over the world. ahave produced bhave been produced care producing dare being produced 解析：由“in the past few years在过去的几年里”可知要用现在完成时。“films”作主语，须用被动语态。答案：_b_ 高频考向二语态用法的难点某些动词形式是主动语态，但含有被动的意思。如：this dictionary sells well.这种字典很好销售。the woolen sweater costs $88.这件羊毛衫卖88美元。the car needs repairing.that car needs to be repaired.那辆车需要修理。the soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来味道很好。主动语态中有些动词，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态要带上to.如：he made the boy work for himthe boy was made to work for him.这男孩被迫为他工作。动词短语变成被动短语时，动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。如：the baby was looked after by her sister.这婴儿由她姐姐照顾。his plan was laughed at by everyone.大家都嘲笑他的计划。形容词cheap，comfortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。如：a bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行车是很经济的。this question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。形容词worth后接动名词时，该动名词的主动形式表被动意义。如：the book is worth reading.这本书值得读一读。【例3】【2013，常州】this listening material，together with its cdroms，_well. asells bsell cis sold dare sold 解析：本文的主语为this listening material，为第三人称单数；sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这份听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销”。答案：_a_ 【例4】【2013，黄石】this pair of shoes_hand，and it _very comfortable. ais made with；is felt bare made from；is felt care made of；feels dis made by；feels 解析：“这双鞋是由手工制成的，它感觉起来很舒服。”主语this pair of shoes是谓语动词动作的承受者，故用被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，用is made by；feel为连系动词，不能用被动语态。 答案：_d_ 【例5】【2013，呼和浩特】 if you see the cartoon film，you will_laugh. abe made bbe made to cmade to dmake 解析：“如果你看到这部动画电影，你将会被逗笑”可以判断用被动语态。动词make在主动语态中，后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补，而变成被动语态时to必须加上。 答案：_b_ 【要点强化】【例1】【2013天津】36.what languages _ in that country? german and englisha. are speaking b. are spoken c. speak d. is spoken【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：那个国家说什么语言？德语和英语。通过上句可知“语言是被人们所说”，即用被动语态即句子主语是动作的承受者，排除a、c；又因主语languages是复数形式，排除a。答案：_b_【例2】【2013陕西】28. the mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _.a. invents b. invented c. is invented d. was invented 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：自从手机发明后，它在很大程度上影响了人们的生活。根据句意判断用一般过去时，手机与动词invent在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。答案：_d_ 【例3】 【2013哈尔滨】26. on june 11th, 2013,shenzhou-10 carrying three astronauts _ into space from the space center in jiuquan. all the chinese people are proud of its successful launch.a. sent up b. are sent up c. was sent up 【解析】本题考查一般过去时的被动语态结构。由on june 11th, 2013可知该句为一般过去时，排除b项；主语shenzhou-10与谓语动词存在被动关系，故应用被动语态，故选c。答案：_c_ 1.【2013江苏常州】6. this listening material, together with its cd-roms, well.a. sellsb. sellc. is soldd. are sold【答案】a【解析】本题考查动词的语态。某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等，且主语是非生命的名词或代词，用主动结构表被动含义。本句的主语为this listening material为第三人称单数；sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选a。2.【2013湖南益阳】30. the sports meeting_next month.a. will hold b. is going to hold c. will be held【答案】c 【解析】考查被动语态的用法。主语the sports meeting不能执行谓语动词hold，是hold的承受者，需用被动语态。next month说明句子用一般将来时态。其被动结构为：will be held。故选c。3.【2013 湖南衡阳】27. teenagers allowed to drive.a. should not be b. should be not c. not should be【答案】a【解析】本题考查情态动词被动语态的否定形式。其形式为情态动词+not+be+动词的过去分词。故选a。4.【2013湖北宜昌】34. at present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. more chances _ to students to learn from each other. a. offer b. are offered c. have offered d. are offering 【答案】b【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句子大意为“小组学习为学生提供了更多相互学习的机会”。“机会”和“提供”之间存在“被动”关系，须用被动语态。四个选项中，只有are offered为被动语态。所以选择答案b。5.【2013湖北十堰】36. i want to borrow the book, but i dont know how long it may _. for two weeks.a. keepb. be borrowedc. borrowd. be kept36【答案】d【解析】考查语态和动词用法辨析，根据题干意义我们知道书应该被借或者被保存，所以用被动语态。又根据回答for two weeks.可以知道是一段时间，所以要选用延续性动词keep，根据以上两个条件，选d。6.【2013湖北孝感】38. many trees _ on the streets every years. so the air is very fresh now. a. plant b. are planted c. planted d. were planted【答案】b 【解析】考查被动语态的用法。根据“every years”得知用一般现在时态。主语是many trees故用一般现在时态的被动语态，因此选b。7.【2013湖北襄阳】39. didnt you see the sign no parking! on the right?sorry, i didnt. but now i know parking here.a. wasnt allowed b. isnt allowedc. wont allow d. doesnt allow39.【答案】b【解析】选b。考查被动语态的用法。由上句中的no parking!可知，停车不被允许，根据时间状语now可知，考察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选b。8.【2013湖北咸宁】30. from may 6, pedestrians(行人) 10 yuan if they run red lights, according to beijing traffic authorities. a. will fine b. were fined c. are fine d. will be fined30. 【答案】d 【解析】考查被动语态。主语pedestrians是动词作的承受者，应当用被动语态；再根据if引导的条件状语从句中用了一般现在时，可以推断出主句中应当用一般将来时。9.【2013黑龙江绥化】9. boys and girls, the books in the library should _ good care of.a. be taken b. take c. are taking【答案】a【解析】考查被动语态。句意：男孩们和女孩们，应该好好保管图书馆的书。书应该被保管，所以用被动语态，此题should be done句型，故选择答案a。10.【2013河南】28. excuse me. im looking for be the best of yourself.sorry. the book you ask for_ out.a. is selling b. is sold c. was selling d. will be sold28. 【答案】b【解析】考查动词的语态。主语the book和动词sell构成被动关系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起，你要的书已售完”。故选b。【新题预测】【南京市江宁区2014中考英语一模】12. its said the nanjing airport light rail_ into service in two months. thats great! it will be fast to go to the airport.a. putsb. will putc. is putd. will be put【答案】12.d【南京市建邺区2014中考英语一模】13. mom, my classmates are playing outside. can i join them? not until your homework . a. finishesb. is finishedc. finishedd. was finished 【答案】13. b【上海市虹口区2014年中考二模】43. if my homework _ on saturday, i will go to century park to watch the flower show on sunday. a) is finished b) had been finished c) was finished d) will be finished【答案】43.a【北京市海淀区2