天一文化2009专升本公共英语串讲复习资料-阅读理解.doc

天一文化教育集团锐志文化 2009专升本串讲复习资料 密押版2009年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试考前复习资料公共英语-阅读理解There are many shops in Singapore where customers still bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the goods. There is nothing out of the ordinary in haggling; some shopkeepers expect you to and will be surprised if you accept their prices immediately. We know that the prices in some stores are a bit higher than those in Change Alley, but we also realize that to keep a store likeRobinsons is by no means cheap. Besides, in such places we shop in air-condition (空调) comfort. For all these, we pay a little extra.It is not always true to say that things in Change Alley cost less. I once bought a Czechoslo- vakian glass butter-dish from Robinsons for a little under two dollars. I then went on to Change Alley and just by chance saw an article of the same shape, design and size, in one of the shops. I then asked about its price, and was surprised when the man demanded more than four dollars for it. How much can you offer? he shouted at me. I offered him exactly the same price I paid for the article and his reply was shockingly rude (粗鲁). I opened my bag, showed him my receipt, stared at him and walked out of his shop.A buyer in England expects to find the price of goods clearly shown, or, to be told exactly what the price is. He knows this is the lowest price that will be accepted. If he thinks the price is beyond what he can afford, he shrugs ( 耸耸) his shoulders and walks away. He does not attempt to bargain with the shopkeeper. Even if he showed annoyance or surprise, he would expect to be to that if the price was unacceptable, he should try elsewhere.1. The underlined word haggling (line 2, para. 1 ) in the text most probably means _. A. accepting the prices immediately B. fixing the right cost for some goods C. arguing about the price of something D. paying extra for comfortable shopping2. We can learn from the text that Robinsons is a store which sells A. expensive goods B. air-conditioners C. Czechoslovakian goods D. goods at a bargain price3. The writer asked about the price of a glass butter-dish in Change Alley because he wanted to _. A. buy it at a lower price B. change his dish for something else C. find out if the shop assistant is polite D. compare the prices of the dish in two stores4. Which of the following words best describes tile feeling of a British customer when he shrugs his shoulders and walks away ( line 3, para. 3 ) ? A. Frightened. B. Worded. C. Annoyed. D. Disappointed.5. What would probably happen if a customer does bargain with a shopkeeper in England? A. The customer would be advised to shop in other stores. B. The customer would get the goods at a lower price. C. They would discuss and then reach an agreement. D. They would quarrel about the price of the goods.答案：1. C2. A3. A4. D5. A Some people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills the essence of sport - the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself, he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for entire nations hopes, dreams and reputation. A good example is the football World Cup. Football is third worlds most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he 11 think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map. Sports fans and supporters get quite unreasonable about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played. So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinean really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really. But its nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.1. What is the author s main purpose in the passage? A. To explain the role of sport. B. To compare Scotland with Argentina. C. To show that Argentina is better than all others. D. To prove that football is the world s most important sport.2. In the second paragraph, the word summit means _ . A. award B. summary C. highest point D. mountain top3. According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because of its _. A. obvious position on the map B. successes in the football World Cup C. excellence at most important sports D. large number of sports fans and supporters4. According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will _. A. fail to succeed B. lose enjoyment C. be successful D. be unreasonable5. What is the authors attitude towards international games? A. Nations that meet on a football field are unlikely to meet on a battlefield. B. Nations that win the football World Cup are regarded as best in all aspects. C. Nations that win in international games prove the best on the sports field at least.D. Nations that give much attention to international competitions are world-famous in many ways.答案：1. A2.C 3.B4.B 5.C At the first sight the planet Mars does not appear very welcome to any kind of life. It has very little oxygen and water, the temperature at night is below -50C and winds of 100 miles per hour cause severe dust storms. However, the surface of the planet seems to show that water flowed across it some time in the past, and it is believed that there is enough ice at the poles to cover the planet with water if it melts. Although there is no life on the Mars now, some scientists think that there may have been some form of life long time ago. At that time, the planet had active volcanoes; the atmosphere was thicker and warmer; and there was water. In fact, in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the Earth, where life exists. Some people believe that the Mars could support life in the future if the right conditions were produced. The first step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the Suns heat in the planets atmosphere. With warmth, water and carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), simple plants could begin to grow. These plants could slowly make the Mars more suitable for living. It is estimated that the whole process might take between 100,000 and 200,000 years. In the meantime, people could begin to live on the planet in special closed environments. They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars and the problems connected with living there.1. Some scientists think there may have been life on the Mars in the past because _. A. there is no life there now B. there is a large amount of water at the poles C. the Mars may be able to support life in the future D. conditions may have been similar to those on the Earth2. There could be life on the Mars in the future if_. A. it supported life in the past B. certain gases are used to cool the planet C. the atmosphere can be heated enough to grow simple plants D. the planets volcanoes become as active as they were in the past3. People may be able to live on the Mars _. A. within the next 200,000 years B. only 200,000 years from now C. only 150,000 years from now D. as soon as the planet becomes cool enough4. The authors attitude towards the possibility of life on the Mars in the future is _. A. doubtful B. positive C. negative D. uninterested5. Which is the best title for this passage? A. The Possibility of Life on the Mars B. Future Conditions on the Mars C. The Mars and the Earth D. A Study of the Climate of the Mars答案：1. D2. C3. A4. B4. APassage One Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable. The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷) in themselves. Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In todays youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout1. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is_. A. to reduce their mental stress B. to increase their sense of success C. to make sports less competitive D. to make sports more challenging2. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that_. A. it can help them learn mom about society B. it enables them to find flaws in themselves C. it can provide them with valuable experiences D. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves3. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes_. A. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development B. without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence C. in order to make them remember lifes lessons D. so as to put more pressure on them4. According the passage parents and coaches should_. A. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports B. help children to win every game C. train children to cope with stress D. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports5. The authors purpose in writing the passage is _. A. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout B. to persuade young children not to worry about criticism C. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children D. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement答案：1. A2. C3. B4. A5. C Most cities and/or states in the U. S. collect a sales tax on almost everything you buy. You must ask when you move into a new community how much the local sales tax is, and what items are and are not taxable. Both taxable items and the amount of tax vary considerably from place, from one of two percent in some places up to eight or ten in others. The New York City sales tax, for examples, is currently 8%, so if you buy a pair of $ 40 shoes you will actually have to pay $ 43.20. This makes paying and getting correct change much more difficult (not to mention making everything more expensive). We say in America that only two things in life are unavoidable: one is death and the other taxes. Another thing that makes money exchanges more complicated is tipping. The Chinese people have happily put an end to tipping, but Westerners are still plagued with this indignity. Waiters and waitresses, cab drivers, hotel bellboys, barbers and hairdressers and all sorts of other people must be tipped. Their employers give them low wages because it is expected that you, the customer, will make up the difference. If you dont, the service person cant earn a living. Tipping also varies from place to place, generally in the area of 15% of your bill (before taxes), but again you should ask local residents whom to tip and how much. There is another kind of tipping as well. You are generally expected to give something (either cash or a bottle of whisky) to the mailman and to your building super at Christmas time. You should discuss this also with neighbors and colleagues.1. The main idea of this passage is _. A. shopping and tipping B. sales and shopping C. sales taxes and tipping D. sales taxes and people2. According to the passage, if you buy a pair of $ 50 shoes in the New York City, you pay extra _as sales tax.A. $4.5 B. $4 C. $5 D. $5.5 3. Usually, cab drivers _. A. get high wages from the employer B. get great benefits from the employerC. get low wages from the employer D. get high bonus from the employer 4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. The Chinese people have to pay tips in western countries. B. The westerners dont have to pay high tips in their own country. C. Barbers, hotel bellboys and all sorts of other people can earn a living if they are not tipped.D. Tipping varies from place to place, generally in the area of 20% of your bill. 5. Usually, taxable items and the amount of tax _. A. have no difference from place to place in the U. S. B. are over 15% in the U. S. C. have been put an end in the U. S.D. vary from place to place in the U. S.答案：1. C2. B3. C4. A5. D In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but be- cause few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it would be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second hand plastic. Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them in- to fence posts, paint brushes, etc. As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard re- mains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life-and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without ad- equate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials. Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material. 46. What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers? A. Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles. B. Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling. C. A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.D. Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them. 47. The returned plastic bottles in New York used to_. A. end up somewhere underground B. be turned into raw materials C. have a second life valueD. be separated from other rubbish 48. The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is_. A. to sell them at a profitable price B. how to turn them into useful things C. how to reduce their recycling costs D. to lower the prices for used materials 49. Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because_. A. local governments find it easy to manage B. recycling has great appeal for the jobless C. recycling causes little pollution D. other methods are more expensive 50. It can be concluded from the passage that_. A. rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials B. local governments in the U.S. can expect big profits from recycling C. recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally D. landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal 答案1. D2. A 3. B4. D 5. C Crime in the cities has had more p