湖南省韶山市高考英语阅读理解及书面表达精炼（5）.doc

湖南省韶山市2016高考英语阅读理解及书面表达精炼（5） 假定你是李华，你校外教mrbrown邀请你周日上午去听关于英国文学的讲座，但你因故不能参加。请根据以下提示，写封邮件向mrbrown说明。 1表示歉意； 2说明理由：去火车站接一位来访的老同学； 3表示遗憾：对英国文学很感兴趣，遗憾失去这次机会； 4希望得到讲座录像或课件，以便课下学习。 注意：1词数100左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3邮件开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； dear mrbrown best wishes to youyours sincerely, li hua【参考范文】书面表达（满分25分）：one possible version：dear mr. brown, im so sorry that i wont be able to attend the lecture on the british literature this sunday morning. but an old classmate of mine will come to see me that day. we havent seen each other for quite a long time and i have promised to meet him at the railway station, for he is not familiar with this city.as you know, im deeply interested in the british literature, so its really a pity to miss the lecture. but i wonder if i could borrow the record or have a copy of the ppt. it would mean so much to me to watch the record or ppt and learn whats covered in your lecture. (116 words)best wishes to you. yours sincerely, li hua书面表达评分细则1、本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。2、评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3、词数少于90和多于120的，从总分中减去2分。4、评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性及上下文的连贯性，根据表达内容的层次适当分段及语言的得体性。5、拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。6、如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。各档次的给分范围和要求0分：信息未能传达给读者。第一档：（15分）：未完成试题规定的任务。第二档：（610分）：能表达观点，但不够充分，很少句子可读，未恰当完成试题规定的任务。第三档：（1115分）：能表达观点，但欠充分，语言错误较多，基本完成了试题规定的任务。第四档：（1620分）：观点观确，陈述合理，有部分语言错误，较好地完成了试题规定的任务。第五档：（2125分）：观点观确，陈述合理，极少语言错误，很好地完成了试题规定的任务【河北省唐山市2014高考英语一模试题】书面表达（满分25分）假如你是李华。你的两位朋友tom与peter几天前发生了争吵。3月9日是peter生日，tom想送他一个礼物来缓和关系，修复友情，特地发来邮件寻求你的建议。请你根据以下要点给tom回一封邮件：1礼物选择：2你的理由；3其它和解建议。注意： 1词数100左右： 2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3开头和结尾己给出，不计入总词数。dear tom,im glad to hear that you are considering making up with peter best wishes,li hua【参考范文】one possible versiondear tom,im glad to hear that you are considering making up with peter. if i were you, i would consider a bike as a birthday present for him.as far as i know, peter is always in poor health so he can take more exercise by riding a bike to build up his body. in the meanwhile, you can often go outing by bike together, which is helpful to rebuild your friendship. besides, taking a bike is an environmentally-friendly means of transport. its convenient for him to get around as well.apart from giving him a gift, you can also adopt other means, such as travelling, seeing a movie, having dinner and going shopping. no matter what you do, being sincere is the most important. i really hope that we can be good friends forever.best wishes, li hua阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。youre in a department store and you see a couple of attractive young women looking at a sweater. you listen to their conversation: “i cant believe ita lorenzo bertolla!they are almost impossible to find. isnt it beautiful? and its a lot cheaper than the one sara bought in rome.”they leave and you go over to see this incredible sweater. its nice and the price is right. youve never heard of lorenzo bertolla, but those girls looked really stylish. they must know. so, you buy it. you never realize that those young women are employees of an advertising agency. they are actually paid to go from store to store, talking loudly about lorenzo bertolla clothes. every day we notice what people are wearing, driving and eating. if the person looks cool, the product seems cool, too. this is the secret of undercover marketing. companies from ford to nike are starting to use it. undercover marketing is important because it reaches people that dont pay attention to traditional advertising. this is particularly true of the mtv generationconsumers between the age of 18 and 34. it is a golden group. they have a lot of money to spend, but they dont trust ads. so advertising agencies hire young actors to “perform”in bars and other places where young adults go. some people might call this practice deceptive (骗人的), but marketing executive jonathan ressler calls it creative. “look at traditional advertising. its effectiveness is decreasing.”however, one might ask what exactly is “real” about of young women pretending to be enthusiastic about a sweater? advertising executives would say its no less real than an ad. the difference is that you know an ad is trying to persuade you to buy something. you dont know when a conversation you overhear is just a performance. 1. the two attractive young women were talking so that they could_.a. get the sweater at a lower price b. be heard by people aroundc. be admired by other shoppers d. decide on buying the sweater2. lorenzo bertolla is_.a. a very popular male singer b. an advertising agencyc. a clothing company in rome d. the brand name of a sweater3. which of the following can be inferred from the passage?a. the two girls are in fact employed by the lorenzo bertolla company. b. the mtv generation tends to be more easily influenced by ads. c. traditional advertising is becoming less effective because its too direct. d. undercover marketing will surely be banned soon by the government. 4. which of the following would be the best title for the text? a. two attractive shoppers b. lorenzo bertolla sweatersc. ways of advertising d. undercover marketing【参考答案】14、bdcd 细节理解-语意转换法 技巧点拨高考试题中的细节理解题大多通过语句的同义或反义转换考查学生对英语语言的理解能力。解题时要特别注意下列几点：1考生可先看试题，再带着问题到阅读材料中寻找正确答案，加强解题的针对性。 2如果问题中有not，except，least，never等词时，要特别留意，不要漏看这些词或理解错误而误选答案。3问到what，who，when，which，where，according to the author等具体细节时，一定要以文章所谈到的内容为据，而不要凭自己的经验或观点去选择答案。 活学活用 阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务(2010年山东卷)ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. recycling in the home is very important of course. however，being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. we are dealing with the results of overconsumption in the greenest way possible，but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.the total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005.it now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the uk.in many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. the uk，for example，is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste.if such packaging is burnt，it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect.recycling helps，but the process itself uses energy. the solution is not to produce such items in the first place. food waste is a serious problem，too. too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. however，a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue，encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags，for example.but this is not just about supermarkets. it is about all of us. we have learned to associate packaging with quality. we have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. this is especially true of food. but it also applies to a wide range of consumer products，which often have far more packaging than necessary. there are signs of hope. as more of us recycle，we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material are collecting. we need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture，but we have a mountain to climb.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要_.根据所读短文，选出最佳答案1what does the underlined phrase “overconsumption” refer to?ausing too much packaging.brecycling too many wastes.cmaking more products than necessary.dhaving more material than is needed.2the author uses figures in paragraph 2 to show _.athe tendency of cutting household wastebthe increase of packaging recycling cthe rapid growth of super marketsdthe fact of packaging overuse3according to the text，recycling _.ahelps control the greenhouse effectbmeans burning packaging for energycis the solution to gas shortagedleads to a waste of land4what can be inferred from paragraph 4?aunpackaged products are of bad quality.bsupermarkets care more about packaging.cit is improper to judge quality by packaging.dother products are better packaged than food.5what can we learn from the last paragraph?afighting wastefulness is difficult.bneedless material is mostly recycled.cpeople like collecting recyclable waste.dthe author is proud of their consumer culture.参考答案recycling is one way to help environment，but whats most important is that we dont overconsume or pay too much attention to packaging when we are shopping.(27 words)1解析：从前句的being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need知道我们是在 “过度消费”或“过量消费”。答案：d2解析：increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005说明包装盒的消费量增长迅速，由此可知答案。答案：d3解析：从recycling helps可知答案。答案：a4解析：人们习惯了把包装与产品质量联系起来，意为包装不好的东西就意味着品质不好。答案：c5解析：从最后一句we need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture，but we have a mountain to climb可知答案。答案：a 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。the arctic is a polar region.it surrounds the north pole. like antarctica，the arctic is a land of ice and snow.antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading 125 degrees fahrenheit below zero.reading of 85 degrees below zero are common in both the arctic and antarctica.winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the arctic.at the south pole the winter average is about 73 degrees below zero.one thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in antarctica and in parts of the arctic.this one thing is the low temperaturethe killing chill of the far north and the polar south. to survive，men must wear the warmest possible clothing.they must build windproof shelters.they must keep heaters going at all times.not even for a moment can they be unprotected against the belowzero temperatures. men have a way of providing for themselves.polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs.the cold makes life difficult，but the explorers can stay alive. what about animals？can they survive？do we find plants？do we find life in the arctic and in antarctica？yes，we do.there is life in the oceans.there is life on land.antarctica，as we have seen，is a cold place indeed.but this has not always been the case.expedition scientists have discovered that antarctica has not always been a frozen continent.