新视野大学英语第三版答案和译文第一册U6.pdf

do quite a few in depth research projects She resisted the temptation to laugh noun verb An opportunity arose for me to work in China so I went and spent a year there People feel educational standards slipped when the government cut finances noun noun James has been a team leader member player and he is now able to enjoy the fruits of his hard work Their demanding work schedule means they have less time to devote to school assignments adjective noun And they reported lower levels of commitment to school and more modest educational aspirations This is not an empty threat I will call the police if this happens again verb adverb She smiled proudly as she looked at the photos of her new grandson I don t like to travel with my brother because he drives carelessly adverb verb I fully understand that there will be serious problems when doing this project You may respectfully listen to their advice but don t take it too seriously In this unit about working part time while studying we have come across quite a few useful grammatical collocations mainly in the patterns of adjective noun and noun noun Please take a look at the following list of collocations in this unit Text A student achievement school performance school engagement heavy commitment academic year school achievement school commitment educational aspirations school careers working students school assignments non working students Text B higher education undergraduate student wealthy students educational performance formal education educational funding educational benefits PART II KEY TO EXERCISES SECTION A Pre reading activities 1 1 1 A teaching assistant in kindergarten or a tutor 2 A cashier in a store 3 A waiter in a restaurant 4 A car cleaner 2 I would like to work as a teaching assistant in kindergarten I really enjoy spending time with small children and I am thinking of working as a teacher in kindergarten in the future So working as a teaching assistant would definitely be a great experience for me I would like to work in a company whether big or small because in the future I plan to establish my own business Working part time in a company would give me some idea of what it is like to work in a company how a company is run and what job a boss should do 210 New Horizon College English Third Edition 2 In my opinion the most important advantages of doing part time jobs are gaining work experience acquiring communicative skills and building connections for future career In doing part time jobs especially those jobs which are related to my field of study I can build up my work experience and enrich my resume Besides in working I may have to communicate with different kinds of people so it can help develop my communicative skills which are essential to success And in getting to know some important people in the workplace I can build some contacts for my future career Reading comprehension Understanding the text 1 1 To measure the impact of employment on student achievement 2 According to the research a heavy commitment to part time work undermines and significantly interferes with school achievement and commitment 3 About 10 hours per week or less 4 Students become interested in study again 5 Students may take easier classes copy others assignments cut class or refuse to do assignments and over time students commitment to school is eroded bit by bit 6 Students may find school less rewarding and interesting and it is highly possible that those who have been working long hours will drop out of school before graduation 7 Because teenagers working long hours frequently have more money to spend than their peers and they often become used to spending their earnings on drugs and alcohol 8 Doing part time jobs while studying is acceptable but students should work no more than 10 hours a week if they want to be successful in school Critical thinking 2 1 Yes I think early employment can definitely build character because besides study you have to fit yourself into the working environment You can learn interpersonal skills social responsibility and professional ethics in a working setting Moreover you have to try hard to strike a balance between work study and play In this way you will develop a strong sense of responsibility and boost your self confidence No not necessarily Though early employment may help students to gain some work experience it is not necessarily helpful in building their character Because they have to spend quite a lot of time working and may become less responsible or less committed to their study Too much work may also lead to alcohol and drug abuse So in some cases early employment undermines character building rather than help it 2 Yes I agree Students have so many academic tasks to complete in college that they hardly have any extra time for work If they work they will certainly have to spend less time and energy on study which is likely to depress their school performance I see many working students around me sleep in class skip class or copy others assignments If they cannot be responsible students when they should be how could they become responsible people after graduation So I think students should take study as their main task instead of doing part time jobs No I don t agree College students should prepare themselves for future careers so they need not only to perform well academically but also develop other skills because surviving in society requires more than book knowledge Working part time can expose students to the real world and help them acquire basic interpersonal skills Besides by earning money to pay for their study college students can learn how to manage their 211UNIT 6 Earn as you learn money and become less dependent on their parents 3 Yes I agree with the author that working while studying has many negative impacts on students such as not getting enough rest decreased school performance abuse of drugs and alcohol As one s time and energy are limited working even part time will affect one s study Therefore students should take study seriously and it is critical not to work long hours while studying at college No I don t think there are so many negative impacts of working while studying as mentioned by the author I have many classmates who are working part time to cover their tuition Most of them are responsible students as they want to share the financial burden with their parents They also study very hard for scholarships At the same time they try to make full use of their working time Some of them work with their professors in the lab so their work does not interfere with their study In fact working may benefit their study because they can apply what is learned in class in practice 4 Yes I think part time jobs may help build a sense of responsibility which in turn may enhance students school performance Because if you take part time jobs while studying you have to follow the work ethics observe the working schedule work up to expectations contribute to teamwork and balance work and study All these will help you to multitask to be more efficient to cultivate a sense of responsibility and to enhance your school performance No I don t think part time jobs help to build a sense of responsibility not to mention enhancing students school performance because students who take part time work especially those who work long hours have to strike a balance between work and study To meet the demanding working schedule more often than not they have to cut corners for example by devoting less time to study or ignoring homework Moreover they may spend more on entertainment and luxury goods as they have more spending money Students who work long hours usually fail to meet the academic requirements and have no clear plan for career development 5 Part time employment provides a good opportunity for students to learn many other things other than book knowledge It has many positive influences building a sense of responsibility as you have to accomplish your tasks building self discipline as you have to manage your time well and rely on yourself gaining social skills and work experience as you interact with people outside the classroom broadening your vision as you learn about the workplace and society having more employment opportunities as you gain work experience in preparation for your future career Language focus Words in use 3 1 indicate 2 conventional 3 assess 4 decrease 5 alter 6 has undermined 7 compromise 8 controversial 9 resolved 10 abandon Word building 4 Words learned New words formed ion represent representation formformation occupation occupy solvesolution To be continued 212 New Horizon College English Third Edition persuadepersuasion transmittransmission ity productiveproductivity originaloriginality flexibilityflexible securesecurity simplesimplicity prosperousprosperity 5 1 solution 2 transmission 3 prosperity 4 formation 5 flexible 6 occupied 7 originality 8 productivity 9 simplicity 10 persuasion 11 representation 12 security Banked cloze 6 1 J 2 C 3 H 4 D 5 M 6 G 7 I 8 A 9 E 10 N Expressions in use 7 1 cutting back on 2 interfere with 3 take a toll on 4 at risk of 5 dropped out 6 in turn 7 contribute to 8 are accustomed to 9 held on to 10 in other words Structure analysis and writing Structure analysis 8 Explanation 1 With more time on work and less time on school assignments students cut corners by taking easier classes copying others assignments cutting class or refusing to do assignments Para 5 Explanation 2 Many working students have to work late until midnight Getting less rest and eating less healthy meals they often get too tired from work to study Para 6 Explanation 3 The excitement of earning large sums of spending money makes school seem less rewarding and interesting The strong desire to earn and spend money is more likely to cause students who have been working long hours for a long time to drop out of school Para 7 Explanation 4 Working students take drugs and use alcohol more often than non working students Working students have more money to spend The longer hours they work the more drugs and alcohol they are likely to use This may lead to disengagement from school and depress their school performance Para 8 Topic sentence We uncovered numerous explanations for the undesirable effects of working on students engagement in school Para 5 Continued 213UNIT 6 Earn as you learn Structured writing 9 There are several reasons why people get fired from their jobs First people may lose their jobs if they have some dishonest behaviors such as cheating in their job applications or telling lies in work Second employees may be fired due to poor attendance No boss likes an employee who is often late for or absent from work Third people having difficulty getting along with their co workers are also likely to be fired because they may cause conflicts in the workplace Therefore to be a good employee it is important to be honest punctual and cooperative Translation 10 间隔年指的是学生休假不去上学而去旅游或工作等的一 段时间 但不一定是一年 间隔年通常选在高中毕业和 进入大学之前的一段时间 在这段时间里 学生可以 旅游 参加志愿者工作或者在国外边打工边度假 一种 新潮流是参加集语言学习 住家 文化交流 社区服务 和自主学习于一体的国际教育活动 间隔年的做法于 20 世纪 60 年代兴起于英国 它在英国 澳大利亚 新西 兰和加拿大已经变得非常流行 但是在美国 间隔年的 做法仍然只是个别现象 不过近年来 间隔年对美国人 来说变得稍微普遍起来 2013 年有大约四万美国学生参 加了间隔年活动 比 2006 年增加了近 20 普林斯顿 大学 哈佛大学 麻省理工学院等大学都有明文规定允 许学生延迟入学 11 Since its economic reform and opening up to the world China s education has gone through rapid development and made remarkable achievements The Chinese government gives top priority to the development of education persists in revitalizing the country by science and education and fully advocates quality oriented education Meanwhile it actively promotes equality in education to guarantee everyone access to education China s achievements in education can be reflected in two different layers One is the popularization of the nine year compulsory education the other is the realization of mass higher education The development of education has made significant contributions to China s economic development and social progress In recent years to satisfy the needs of social and economic development the Chinese government has sped up the training of qualified personnel urgently needed in various fields Section B Reading skills 1 1 As the cost of attending university has soared over the last two decades a frank and vigorous debate is emerging over who should pay for the cost of higher education While in some countries students have always been expected to absorb part or even all of their tuition costs through work or borrowing in other countries the tremendous cost of attending university has been provided by the relevant education authority or by parents I am proud to be in the small minority of students who earn as they learn and absorb the cost of their own university education in spite of the many obstacles Para 1 2 I am aware that my work and study choices are not popular and that many influential studies claim to illustrate that working while going to school negatively impacts educational performance They cite increased dropout rates lower scores and reduced lifetime earnings Besides these studies also give evidence that many students exhaust much of their earnings not on school but on entertainment and partying while attending school The studies also show increased abuse of alcohol and drugs which leads me to question these students resolve and commitment to the serious side of life Para 7 214 New Horizon College English Third Edition Reading comprehension Understanding the text 2 1 B 2 C 3 C 4 D 5 B 6 C 7 B 8 C Critical thinking 3 1 It is no easy task for a working student to strike a balance between work and study The following tips may help good time management Plan your time wisely and you can make the best out of it modest working hours Working too long can weaken your health and affect your school performance efficiency in work and study Learn to work and study more efficiently because higher efficiency saves your time and energy good health Get good sleep and do some exercise After all you can neither work nor study well if you are sick 2 I admire the students who work to pay their own tuition as long as they are still performing well academically because they are independent responsible and self motivated They have to work harder on fewer hours of sleep but certainly they will find it rewarding as they have made full use of their time in college What s more the skills they learn from their part time work will put them in a more advantageous position when seeking employment after graduation They also share the financial burden with their parents by paying their own tuition Therefore I think we should learn from them I feel pity for the working students as they are not able to fully enjoy their college life like many other students They have less time to study or to do other fun activities They may have fewer true friends as they are busy making money Though they can gain some work experience that may not be helpful for their future careers because part time work usually involves labor work rather than professional work They may feel regretful after graduation because only by then will they know what they have missed as college students 3 Yes working part time definitely helps students learn to prioritize and become more efficient To balance work and study working students often encounter time conflicts and approaching deadlines So they have to know which is the most urgent and important under different circumstances They can be frustrated in the beginning But once they learn how to prioritize they can work and study more efficiently than others because they can multitask No not necessarily Working students often have to give priority to their work when their study conflicts with their work If they fail to go to work as scheduled they may lose their job and the income it brings about They surely don t want that to happen As a result they may skip class or fail to turn in their assignments Moreover since working students have to study and work at the same time they are more likely to get tired and may thus become more stressful and less efficient in their study 4 No not necessarily Though paying tuition is a sign of being independent there are other ways to show our independence For example helping parents with housework to show that we contribute to the family helping other students in need to show that we care for others doing volunteer work and contributing to society to share social responsibility being excellent in academic study to show that we can prioritize and know what is most important to us 5 The advantages of studying full time without working part time are obvious By studying full time students will have more time to focus on study and do well academically 215UNIT 6 Earn as you learn rest and relax thus leading a more colorful college life have fun and be more optimistic about life stay with their families and build a better relationship with their parents visit with friends and build friendships which may benefit them for lifetime and sample widely and get prepared for future careers Language focus Words in use 4 1 advanced 2 tremendous 3 claim 4 endure 5 relieve 6 ensure 7 relevant 8 convinced 9 illustrate 10 soared Expressions in use 5 1 In spite of 2 catch get have a glimpse of 3 are in the a minority 4 relieves of 5 a matter of 6 As for 7 is envious of 8 look back Sentence structure 6 1 Whereas my friend was dressed in a black hat and coat I was dressed in jeans and sneakers 2 Whereas having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive 3 Whereas Asian people do not look into each other s eyes as they talk in the Western world it is polite to maintain eye contact during a conversation 7 1 Given that you had very little help I think you did very well in the research 2 Given that students had learned how to do the experiment in class the teacher allowed them to do it by themselves in the lab 3 Although the s