（江苏专用）高考英语二轮语法专题复习 情态动词.doc

情态动词1 【2014安徽卷】 people are recycling many things which they _ away in the past!ahad thrown bwill be throwingcwere throwing dwould have thrown【答案】d考查虚拟语气。根据in the past可知，说的是过去情况，对过去情况的推测或评说，应使用“情态动词完成式”结构。句意：现在人们回收利用很多东西，而过去他们会将这些扔掉。 故选d。2【2014北京卷】 _i have a word with you? it wont take long.acan bmust cshall dshould【答案】a考查情态动词。根据上下文可知，说话人在请求听话人允许短时间内的一个交谈。can表示“能不能”，故选a。3【2014北京卷】 we _back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.aare bwere cwill be dwould be【答案】d考查虚拟语气。根据条件状语从句中if we didnt lose the map可知，主从句都是对现在情况的假设，所以选d。4 【2014全国大纲卷】 although you _ find bargains in london, its not generally a cheap place to shop.a. should b. need c. must d. can【答案】d考查情态动词。句意：尽管你能在伦敦找到便宜货，但是它一般不是购物便宜的地方。此处can意为“能”。根据句意选d。5【2014福建卷】 _no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.awere there bhad there been cif there are dif there have been【答案】a 考查虚拟语气。句意：要是没有现代化的通讯，我们将不得不等待若干个星期才能获得来自世界各地的消息。“要是没有现代化的通讯”是对现在情况的一种假设，故从句中使用一般过去时态，省略if后把were提到从句主语之前。故选择a项。6【2014湖南卷】 if mr dewey _ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.a. wereb. had beenc. should be d. was【答案】b考查虚拟语气。句意：如果dewey先生当时在场的话，他就会尽一切可能帮助那里的人们。根据主句中的would have offered可知，这是对过去的虚拟，故条件句用had done形式。7 【2014湖南卷】 ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.do you mean we _ bring anything with us?a. cant b. mustnt c. shant d. neednt【答案】d考查情态动词。句意：“我已经为这次野炊准备了各种各样的食物。”“你的意思是说我们不需要携带任何东西了？”此处neednt表示“没有必要”。8【2014江苏卷】 it was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, _ bring me food.amight bwould cshould dcould【答案】c 考查情态动词。句意：他们这么穷竟然还带食物给我，这使我很难过。should表示“竟然”，符合语境，故c项正确。might可能；would愿意；could能够。9 【2014江西卷】 life is unpredictable; even the poorest _ become the richest.a. shall b. must c. need d. might【答案】d考查情态动词。句意：生活是不可预料的，甚至最穷的人可能变成最富有的人。根据unpredictable可知表示可能性，本题应该选择might。10【2014陕西卷】 we would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.a. would stay b. has stayed c. stayed d. stay【答案】c考查虚拟语气。would rather后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用过去式表示动作发生在现在或将来，用“had过去分词”表示动作发生在过去。根据后一句中的is可知此处动词用过去式，故选c。11 【2014陕西卷】 we would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.a. would stay b. has stayed c. stayed d. stay【答案】c考查虚拟语气。would rather后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用过去式表示动作发生在现在或将来，用“had过去分词”表示动作发生在过去。根据后一句中的is可知此处动词用过去式，故选c。12 【2014四川卷】 i still remember my happy childhood when my mother _ take me to disneyland at weekends.a. might b. must c. would d. should【答案】c考查情态动词。此处would表示过去习惯性的动作，意为“过去常常”。句意：我仍旧记得我快乐的童年，那时我的母亲常在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。13【2014天津卷】 _ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.a. did he catch b. should he catch c. has he caught d. had he caught【答案】d考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他赶上了早晨的火车，他开会就不会迟到了。根据题干中的后半句“he would not have been late for the meeting.”可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因此前面的从句中需用过去完成时had done。在if引导的虚拟语气中，当句中有were, should, had时，可将if省去，并把were, should, had提到主语的前面构成部分倒装，故d项正确。14【2014浙江卷】 they were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _ to our help.awould have come bcould come chave come dhad come【答案】a考查虚拟语气。句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮我们了。从句中的关键题眼or可以知道，此处是虚拟语气，同时根据前面的they were abroad可以知道，此处是对过去状况的虚拟，根据语法规则知，句中谓语动词用“should/would/could/might have done”结构，所以选a项。15【2014重庆卷】 ive ordered some pizza, so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired.a. cant b. dare not c. neednt d. may not【答案】c考查情态动词的用法。句意：我已经订了比萨，因此当我们很累地回到家时没有必要担心做饭的事情。need表示必要性；can多表能力或推测；dare表示胆量；may则表示准许或可能。16 【2014重庆卷】 it was john who broke the window. why are you talking to me as if i _ it?a. had done b. have done c. did d. am doing【答案】a考查虚拟语气的用法。as if后的句子若表示与事实相反，须用虚拟语气。根据前一句中谓语动词用一般过去时可知，as if后的句子表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，用过去完成时。故选a。情态动词的推测性用法1【2013重庆卷】what are you doing this saturday?im not sure，but i_go to the rolling stones concert.amust bwould cshould dmight【解析】句意为：本周六你打算做什么？说不准，不过或许我会去滚石演唱会。本题考查情态动词的用法。根据答语中“im not sure”可知是对将来不肯定的推测，故选d项。must必须，一定，语气太强；would表过去将来或表意愿；should应该。【答案】d2【2013安徽卷】it_be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.amay bcouldnt cshould dneednt【解析】句意为：不可能是词汇导致了你习题中的问题，因为你知道很多单词。本题考查情态动词。根据句意可以得出此处表示否定的推测，排除a和c项。d项不表示推测。【答案】b3【2013天津卷】no one_be more generous；he has a heart of gold.acouldbmust cdaredneed【解析】句意为：没有人可能比他更慷慨，他有一颗金子般的心。本题考查情态动词。a.可能；b.必须，肯定；c.敢；d.需要，有必要。【答案】a情态动词的非推测性用法4【2013江西卷】when i was a child，i_watch tv whenever i wanted to.ashould bcould cmust dneed【解析】句意为：当我是个孩子时，想什么时候看电视就什么时候看。本题考查情态动词。could在此表达过去能够做某事，符合句意。【答案】b5【2012辽宁卷】one of our rules is that every student_wear school uniform while at school.amight bcould cshalldwill【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：我们的一条规则就是，每个学生在校期间都必须穿校服。shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示命令或规定，故选c。【答案】c6【2012重庆卷】_you interrupt now？cant you see im on the phone?sorry sir，but its urgent.acan bshould cmustdwould【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为：你偏要现在打扰我吗？难道你没有看到我正在打电话吗？对不起，先生，但是情况太紧急了。must表示“偏要，硬要”，故选c 项。【答案】c情态动词have done7【2013新课标卷】since nobody gave him any help，he_ have done the research on his own.acan bmust cwould dneed【解析】句意为：既然没人给予他任何帮助，他一定是独自完成这项研究的。本题考查情态动词。must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“一定做了”，符合语境。can表推测通常用于疑问句和否定句；would have done表示与过去事实相反的假设，通常用于虚拟语气中；need和have done连用时常用否定形式neednt have done本没有必要做某事【而做了】。【答案】b8【2013四川卷】why are your eyes so red？you_have slept well last night.yeah，i stayed up late writing a report.acant bmustnt cneednt dwont【解析】句意为：你的眼睛为什么那么红啊？昨晚你不可能睡得很好。是的，我熬夜写了一篇报告。本题考查情态动词用法。cant have done过去不可能做。【答案】a9【2012江西卷】we_have bought so much food now that suzie wont be with us for dinner.amay not bneednt ccant dmustnt【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：既然 suzie 不和我们一起吃晚饭，那我们就没有必要买这么多食物。根据“now that suzie wont be with us for dinner”可知选b，neednt have done表示“本没有必要做某事而实际上却做了”。【答案】b1非推测性用法中的易错点是情态动词的一词多义，如：must除了“必须”之外，还有“偏偏；偏要”的含义。shall除了表示“将来”外，还有“允诺；命令；威胁；警告”等意义。2情态动词的推测性用法中要注意情态动词表示推测时的一些特别规定，如：must表示推测只能用于肯定句中等。3“情态动词have done”的命题规律正在发生如下变化：一、情态动词的非推测性用法1can和could的用法【1】表示“能力”。【2011湖南高考】no one can be compared with yao ming in playing basketball.oh，you are really his big fan.在打篮球方面，无人能与姚明相媲美。你真是姚明的铁杆粉丝。【2】表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。how could you do such a silly thing?你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢？【3】表示礼貌地请求别人做某事，意为“能，可以”。this dish is really delicious.could you please say it in chinese?sure，we call it “doufu”这道菜真的很好吃，你能不能用汉语说出菜名是什么？当然可以，我们称之为“豆腐”。what should i wear to the party?well，it isnt very formal.you can wear whatever you like.晚会我应该穿什么？晚会不太正式，你可以穿自己喜欢的任何衣服。【4】cannot.too/enough表示“无论也不过分”“越越好”。you cant be too careful while driving.开车时越小心越好。2may和might的用法【1】may和might表示“许可”“可能性”“祝愿”等意义。【2010陕西高考】may i take this book out of the reading room?no，you mustnt.you read it in here.我可以把书拿出阅览室吗？不，决不可以，你在这儿读。【2】“may as well动词原形”意为“最好，倒不如”。if you think the price of beef is too high，you may as well buy some pork.it depends on you.如果你认为牛肉太贵的话，你不妨买些猪肉。你自己决定。3must的用法【1】表示禁止【用于否定句】。【2010重庆高考】you mustnt park here！its an emergency exit.你不可以在这儿停车！这是紧急情况出口处。【2】表必要性，意为“必须”。【2011福建高考】shall i inform him of the change of the schedule right now?i am afraid you must，in case he comes late for the meeting.我现在通知他日程表的变动吗？恐怕你必须通知他，以免他开会迟到。【3】表示偏执，固执，意为“非得，偏要”。【2011辽宁高考】if you must go，at least wait until the storm is over.如果你非要走的话，至少等到暴风雨结束。4shall的用法【1】用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。shall i go out for a walk after supper?晚饭后我可以散散步吗？【2】用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。【2011陕西高考】will you read me a story，mummy?ok.you shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？好的，如果你尽快上床睡觉我就给你讲一个。5will和would的用法【1】表示意志、意愿和决心。【2011重庆高考】why didnt you come to simons party last night?i wanted to，but my mom simply would not let me out so late at night.你昨晚为什么没有参加simon的聚会？我想去，但是妈妈不愿意让我自己在这么晚的时间出去。i have told him again and again to stop smoking，but he will not listen.我已再三告诉他戒烟，但是他就是不听。【2】will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。every morning he will have a walk along this river.每天早晨，他总是沿着小河散步。【3】would可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比used to正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。when we worked in the same firm several years ago，we would often go to the cinema together.当几年前我们在同一家公司工作时，我们常常一起去电影院。二、情态动词的推测性用法1can用于肯定句中表示客观的可能性，意为“有时会”；用于疑问句中可以表示推测，意为“可能”，有时表示一种惊讶的语气；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，cant意为“不可能”，语气很强烈。it is usually warm in my hometown in march，but it can be rather cold sometimes.我的家乡在三月份通常很暖和，但有时候也会相当冷。mr bush is on time for everything.how can it be that he was late for the meeting?布什先生做什么事情都很准时，他怎么可能开会迟到呢？【2011江西高考】it cant be the postman at the door.its only six oclock.门口不可能是邮递员，【现在】才六点钟。2may/might用于肯定句中可以用来表示不十分肯定的推测，意为“有可能”；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，may not意为“可能不”，表示一种不太确定的语气。【2013北京卷】you neednt take an umbrella.it isnt going to rain.well，i dont know.it might do.你不需要带伞，不会下雨的。哦，我不知道，或许会下雨。3must表示推测时只能用于肯定句中，意为“一定，必定”，表示十分肯定的语气【在疑问句中或否定句中要用can/could】。its the office！so you must know eating is not allowed here.oh，sorry.这是办公室！所以你一定知道这里不许吃东西。噢，对不起。4should用来表示推测时意为“应该”，即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思。there shouldnt be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.因为你在驾校训练了那么多，通过路考应该没什么困难。三、“情态动词have done”的用法1表示“与过去事实相反”should/ought to have done原本应该【但未做到】should not/oughtnot to have done原本不应该【但做了】could have donemight have done原本能/可能做过可能做过could not have donemight not have done原本不能/一定不会可能没做过neednt have done原本不必做【2012北京高考】we could have faced the difficulty together，but why didnt you tell me?我们本可以共同面对困难，可你为什么不告诉我呢？【2010天津高考】mark neednt have hurried.after driving at top speed，he arrived half an hour early.马克本没必要那么匆忙。他以最快速度开车，结果早到了半个小时。2表示“对过去事实的推断”must have done肯定已经；当时必然may have done或许已经cant have done不可能已经【2013浙江高考】i couldnt have enjoyed myself moreit was a perfect day.我过得非常开心【我不可能过得更愉快了】这真是完美的一天。【2013辽宁高考】harry is feeling uncomfortable.he must have drunk too much at the party last night.harry感觉很不舒服，他在昨晚的聚会上一定是喝多了。1【2014山西省太原市统一检测】david，the windows of the room are very dirty._i clean them before we move in?of course.awill bwould cshall ddo【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：david，这个房间的窗户很脏。在我们搬进来之前我可以擦洗一下吗？当然可以。shall用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中，表示请求或征求对方意见。【答案】c2【2014河南豫西五校高三教学质量检测】i have coffee to refresh myself recently.is that so？if you_，make sure you limit it to one cup a day.ashall bmay ccan dmust【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：我最近喝咖啡来提神。是这样吗？如果你非得喝，务必限制在每天一杯。must在此意为“偏要，非得”。【答案】d3【2014江西九江高三模拟考试】if you wont do as i tell you，you_get the chance to be promoted because the competition is just too fierce.acouldnt bmustnt cshouldnt dshant【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：如果你不照我说的做，你就得不到晋升的机会，因为竞争太激烈了。shall用于第二、第三人称可表示说话人给对方的警告，符合句意。【答案】d4【2014江西六所重点高中3月高考模拟联考】we_take clean drinking water for granted.one day we may run out of it.aneedntbcant cwontdshouldnt【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天，我们会用完它。shouldnt不应该，符合句意。【答案】d5【2014陕西咸阳四校高三抽样检测】some young people these days just_ go out of the internet bars into the real world.amustnt bshouldnt cwont dneednt【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：现在的一些年轻人就是不愿意走出网吧到现实世界来。此处will是情态动词，表示意志或意愿，故c项正确。【答案】c6【2014银川、吴忠部分中学高三年级联考】whe