欧洲道路标准13201-2.doc

EN 13201-2:2003 (E)Contents Foreword Introduction 前言1 Scope 范围 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 条款和定义4 ME/MEW-series of lighting classes 灯具等级中的ME/MEW系列5 CE-series of lighting classes 灯具等级中的CE 系列6 S-, A-, ES- and EV- series of lighting classes 灯具等级S-,A-,ES-, EV系列7 Appearance and environmental aspects 外观和环境因素Annex A (informative) Installed classes for glare restriction and control of obtrusive lightA.1 Luminous intensity classes 光强等级A.2 Glare index classes 眩光等级Annex B (informative) Lighting of pedestrian crossingsBibliography ForewordThis document (EN 13201-2:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 169 “Light and lighting”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2004.This document EN 13201-2 has been worked out by the Joint Working Group of CEN/TC 169 “Light and lighting” and CEN/TC 226 “Road Equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.Annexes A and B are informative.This document includes a Bibliography.This standard, EN 13201 Road Lighting, consists of three parts. This document is;Part 2: Performance requirementsThe other parts of EN 13201 are:Part 3: Calculation of performancePart 4: Methods of measuring lighting performanceAccording to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.IntroductionA lighting class is defined by a set of photometric requirements aiming at the visual needs of certain road users in certain types of road areas and environment. 灯具有光学要求来定义，目的是满足在某种道路区域和环境下某些道路使用者的视觉要求.The purpose of introducing lighting classes is to make it easier to develop and use road lighting products and services in CEN member countries. The lighting classes have been defined with consideration of road lighting standards in these countries aiming at harmonization of requirements where possible. However, some lighting classes and subclasses reflect particular situations and national approaches based on traditional, climatic or other conditions.介绍灯具等级的目的是让欧洲标准联盟的成员，在开发和使用照明产品和服务时更容易，灯具等级考虑到不同国家的道路照明标准，目的是尽可能的统一，但是有些照明等级和子等级会反映一些特殊的情况，这些情况可能是建立在传统的或气候和其他情况下.The ME classes are intended for drivers of motorized vehicles for user on traffic routes, and in some countries also residential roads, allowing medium to high driving speeds. ME 等级针对于机动车辆驾驶者，某些国家也适用于居住区道路，也允许中高速的速度。The CE classes are also intended for drivers of motorized vehicles, but for use on conflict areas such as shopping streets, road intersections of some complexity, roundabouts and queuing areas. These classes have applications also for pedestrians and pedal cyclists. CE等级针对于机动车驾驶者，但适用交汇区的情况，如 购物街道，复杂的交叉道路，环路和排列区域。这个也适用于行人和骑自行车的人.The S and A classes are intended for pedestrians and pedal cyclists for use on footways andcycleways, emergency lanes and other road areas lying separately or along the carriageway of a traffic route, residential roads, pedestrian streets, parking areas, schoolyards etc.S和A等级针对于行人和骑自行车者在使用人行道和自行车道、紧急车道以及其他与车道分离或沿着车道的区域时，如居住区的道路，步行街、停车场、运动场等。The ES classes are intended as an additional class in situations where public lighting is necessary for the identification of persons and objects and in road areas with a higher than normal crime risk.在犯罪风险较高的道路区域或需要识别人和物的公共照明 ，ES等级作为一个附加的等级The EV classes are intended as an additional class in situations where vertical surfaces need to be seen in such road areas as toll stations, interchange areas etc.在需要看到垂直面的环境，例如收费站，交汇区域等，EV等级作为附加的等级The requirements of the lighting classes reflect the category of road user in question or the type of road area. Thus the ME classes are based on the road surface luminance, while the CE, S and A classes are based on the illumination of the road area. The S and A classes reflect different priorities to the road lighting. The ES classes are based on semi-cylindrical illuminance, while the EV classes are based on the vertical plane illuminance.照明等级要求反映了道路使用者或道路区域的分类。因此，ME等级基于道路表面亮度，而CE，S和A等级基于道路区域的照度。S和A等级反映了道路照明的不同优先倾向。ES等级基于半圆柱面的照度，而EV基于垂直面的照度。The ME classes present increasingly stronger requirements in the order ME 6, ME 5,ME 1 forming steps of the lighting level as measured for instance in illuminance. The other classes are arranged in the same way, and so that their steps interlock.ME等级中，要求依ME 6, ME 5的顺序递增，其他等级也一样Environmental aspects of road lighting are considered in clause 7 in terms of day time appearance, night time appearance and light emitted in directions, where it is neither necessary nor desirable. The purpose is to point to matters that can be included in tender specifications or similar, when relevant.在第7条里，考虑了道路照明的环境因素，白天、夜晚以及光出射方向Installed intensity classes for the restriction of disability glare and control of obtrusive light G.1, G.2, G.3, G.4, G.5 and G.6 are introduced in the informative annex A. The use of G classes is mentioned in clause 5 for conflict areas and in clause 7 on appearance and environmental aspects. 装置强度等级为了限制不刺眼的闪光和眩光控制，附录A介绍了G.1, G.2, G.3, G.4, G.5 和 G.6 。G等级的使用在条款5中，针对交汇处，条款7关于环境Installed glare index classes for the restriction of discomfort glare D.0, D.1, D.2, D.3, D.4, D.5 and D.6 are introduced in the informative annex A as well. These classes are intended mainly for road areas lighted for the benefit of pedestrians and pedal cyclists.装置眩光指数等级是为了限制令人不适的眩光，附录A介绍了D.0, D.1, D.2, D.3, D.4, D.5和 D.6。这些等级主要是出于行人和骑自行车者的道路区域照明考虑。Local lighting of pedestrian crossings is considered in the informative annex B. The intention of local lighting is to attract the attention of drivers of motorized vehicles to the presence of the pedestrian crossing and to illuminate pedestrians in or at the crossing area.附录B中考虑了人行横道的局部照明。1 ScopeThis part of this European Standard defines, according to photometric requirements, lighting classes for road lighting aiming at the visual needs of road users, and it considers environmental aspects of road lighting.NOTE Installed intensity classes for the restriction of disability glare and control of obtrusive light andinstalled glare index classes for the restriction of discomfort glare are defined in annex A.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from otherpublications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment orrevision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 13201-3, Road lighting Part 3: Calculation of performance.EN 13201-4, Road lighting Part 4: Methods of measuring lighting performance.3 Terms and definitions 条款和定义For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1average road surface luminance (of a carriageway of a road) ( L )路面平均亮度luminance of the road surface averaged over the carriagewayNOTE Unit is candelas per square metre (cd/m2).单位 坎德拉/平方米3.2longitudinal uniformity (of road surface luminance of a driving lane) 纵向均匀度（机动车道行驶方向的道路表面亮度）ratio of the lowest to the highest road surface luminance found in a line in the centre along a driving lane 沿车道中线，道路亮度的最低值和最高值之比3.3longitudinal uniformity (of road surface luminance of a carriageway) (UI) 纵向均匀度（车道的道路表面亮度）lowest of the longitudinal uniformities of the driving lanes of the carriageway 机动车道的最低垂直亮度均匀度3.4threshold increment (TI) 阈值增量measure of the loss of visibility caused by the disability glare of the luminaires of a road lighting installation 道路照明光源眩光引起的可见度下降的程度3.5surround ratio (of illumination of a carriageway of a road) (SR)环境比（道路的照度）（SR）average illuminance on strips just outside the edges of the carriageway in proportion to the average illuminance on strips just inside the edges 车道外的带状区域内的平均水平照度与相邻车道上的平均水平照度之比3.6average illuminance (on a road area) (Ehs) （道路区域）平均照度horizontal illuminance averaged over a road area道路区域的水平平均照度NOTE Unit is lux (lx). 单位 勒克斯 (lx)3.7minimum illuminance (on a road area) (Emin) （道路区域）最小照度lowest illuminance on a road area 道路区域的最小照度NOTE Unit is lux (lx). 单位 勒克斯 (lx)3.8hemispherical illuminance (at a point on a road area) (Ehs) 半球面照度（道路上一点）luminous flux on a small hemisphere with a horizontal base. divided by the surface area of the hemisphere 半球面的光通量除以这个半球表面积NOTE Unit is lux (lx). 单位 勒克斯 (lx)3.9average hemispherical illuminance (on a road area) (E)半球面平均照度hemispherical illuminance averaged over a road area道路区域半球面平均照度NOTE Unit is lux (lx). 单位 勒克斯 (lx)3.10overall uniformity (of road surface luminance, illuminance on a road area or hemispherical illuminance) (Uo) 总均匀度（道路表面亮度、道路区域照度或半球面照度）ratio of the lowest to the average value 最小值与平均值之比3.11maintained level (of average road surface luminance, average or minimum illuminance on road area, average hemispherical illuminance, minimum semi-cylindrical illuminance or minimum vertical plane illuminance) 维持水平（道路表面平均亮度、道路区域平均或最低照度、平均半球面照度、最小半柱面照度或最小垂直照度） design level reduced by a maintenance factor to allow for depreciation考虑折旧, 设计标准因维护系数降低 3.12semi-cylindrical illuminance (at a point) (Esc) 半柱面照度（一点）total luminous flux falling on a curved surface of a very small semi-cylinder divided by the curved surface area of the semi-cylinder. The direction of the normal on the flat back area inside the semicylinder should be the direction of orientation of the semi-cylinder非常小的半柱面上的一个曲面内的总光通量除以半柱面的曲面。半柱面底面的法线方向为半柱面的方向NOTE Unit is lux (lx). 单位 勒克斯 (lx)3.13minimum semi-cylindrical illuminance (on a plane above a road area) (Esc,min) 半柱面最小照度（道路区域上方一平面）lowest semi-cylindrical illuminance on a plane at a height of 1,5 m above a road area 道路上方1.5m高处的一平面的最小半柱面照度NOTE Unit is lux (lx). 单位 勒克斯 (lx)3.14vertical plane illuminance (at a point) (Ev)垂直照度（一点）illuminance on a vertical plane垂面上的照度NOTE Unit is lux (lx). 单位 勒克斯 (lx)3.15minimum vertical plane illuminance (on a plane above a road area) (Ev,min) 最小垂直照度（道路区域上方一平面）lowest vertical plane illuminance on a plane at a specified height above the road area道路区域上方某一高度平面的最低垂直照度NOTE Unit is lux (lx). 单位 勒克斯 (lx)4 ME/MEW-series of lighting classesThe ME and MEW classes in Tables 1a and 1b are intended for drivers of motorized vehicles on traffic routes of medium to high driving speeds.表1a和1b中ME和MEW等级适用于以中高速驾驶机动车辆的司机NOTE 1 Guidance on the application of these classes is given in prCEN/TR 13201-1.给出了这些等级的应用指南在13201-1中有说明The average road surface luminance ( L ), the overall uniformity of the luminance (Uo), the longitudinal uniformity of the luminance (UI), the threshold increment (TI) and the surround ratio (SR) are to be calculated and measured in accordance with EN 13201-3 and EN 13201-4. 平均路面亮度，总体均匀度，纵向均匀度，阈值增量， SR按13201-3 和13201-4计算。 Table 1a ME-series of lighting classesClassLuminance of the road surface of the carriageway for the dry road surface conditionDisability glare Lighting of surroundingsL in cd/m2minimummaintainedUominimumUIminimumTI in %amaximumSR2bminimumME12,00,40,7100,5ME21,50,40,7100,5ME3a1,00,40,7150,5ME3b1,00,40,6150,5ME3c1,00,40,5150,5ME4a0,750,40,6150,5MEb0,750,40,5150,5ME50,50,350,4150,5ME60,30,350,415no requirementa An increase of 5 percentage points in TI can be permitted where low luminance light sources are used. (see note 6)在使用低亮度光源时，允许TI有5个百分点的增量b This criterion can be applied only where there are no traffic areas with their own requirements adjacent to the carriageway.这个标准仅用于车道附近不存在交通区域（这个区域具有自己的要求）NOTE 2 The road surface luminance is the result of the illumination of the road surface, the reflectionproperties of the road surface and the geometrical conditions of observation. Conventions are given in EN 13201-3 and EN 13201-4, aiming at driving along stretches of road with viewing distances of between 60 m and 180 m.道路表面亮度是道路照度、道路表面反射特性以及视野的几何形状的结果，13201-3和13201-4中有惯例，针对60M和180米的驾驶视距。NOTE 3 The average luminance ( L ) reflects the general luminance level at which the driver performs. At the low level of lighting used for road lighting, performance improves with luminance in terms of increasing contrast sensitivity, increasing visual acuity and amelioration of glare. 平均亮度反映了司机驾驶环境大致亮度水平。在使用低等级照明情况下，增加对比度、视觉灵敏度，减小眩光，可以提高司机的表现。NOTE 4 The overall uniformity (Uo) measures in a general way the variation of luminances and indicates how well the road surface serves as a background for road markings, objects and other road users.总均匀度是对亮度变化的评估，显示了道路表面作为路标、物体及道路使用者背景好坏程度。NOTE 5 The longitudinal uniformity (UI) provides a measure of the conspicuity of the repeated pattern of bright and dark patches on the road. It relates to visual conditions on long uninterrupted sections of road.纵向均匀度提供了路面黑白间隔显著性的测量方法。它和连续路面的视觉环境有关。NOTE 6 The threshold increment (TI) indicates that although road lighting improves visual conditions it also causes disability glare to a degree depending on the type of luminaires, lamps and geometric situation. Low pressure sodium lamps and fluorescent tubes are normally considered to be low luminance lamps. For these lamps, and luminaires providing less or equivalent luminance, footnote a of Table 1a and footnote b of Table 1b permits higher values.阈值增量表明，虽然道路照明改善了视觉环境，但它也造成了眩光，这个眩光某种程度上和光源类型、灯及几何环境有关。低压钠灯和荧光灯光通常被认为是低亮度灯。对于这些提供较小或等效亮度的灯和光源 ，表1a 中脚注a和表1b脚注b允许更大的估值。NOTE 7 Lighting confined to the carriageway is inadequate for revealing the immediate surrounds of the road and revealing road users at the kerb. The requirements for the surround ratio (SR) apply only where there are no traffic areas with their own requirements adjacent to the carriageway, including footways, cycleways or emergency lanes.只限于道路照明的光对道路周围和路边的使用者是不够的。环境比仅应用于临近车道的无交通区域，这些区域有自己的要求，包括人行道、自行车道或紧急车道的情况。Table 1b MEW-series of lighting classesClass 等级Luminance of the road surface of the carriageway for the dry and wet road surface condition 干燥和潮湿道路表面的亮度Disability glare 眩光Lighting of surroundings 环境照明Dry conditionWetL in cd/m2minimummaintainedUominimumUI aminimumUominimumTI in %bmaximumSRCminimumMEW12,00,40,60,15100,5MEW21,50,40,60,15100,5MEW31,00,40,60,15150,5MEW40,750,4no requirement 不要求0,15150,5MEW50,50,35no requirement 不要求0,15150,5a The application of this criterion is voluntary, but it can be applied on motorways.这个标准的使用出于自愿，但可用于机动车道b An increase of 5 percentage points in TI can be permitted where low luminance light sources are used. (see note 6) 在使用低亮度光源时，允许TI有5个百分点的增量c This criterion can only be applied where there are no traffic areas with their own requirements adjacent to the carriageway. 这个标准仅用于车道附近的无交通区域（这个区域具有自己的要求）NOTE 8 In some countries, the road surface is damp or wet for a significant part of the hours of darkness. For a selected wet condition, an additional requirement to the overall uniformity (Uo) can be made to apply to avoid a serious downgrading of the performance for some of the damp periods. The relevant table in that case is Table 1b. 某些国家，某个黑暗时段路面比较潮湿。对于潮湿的情况，采用总平均度额外的要求来避免一些潮湿情况下的下降。5 CE-series of lighting classesThe CE classes in Table 2 are intended for drivers of motorized vehicles, and other road users, on conflict areas such as shopping streets, road intersections of some complexity, roundabouts, queuing areas etc. 表2中CE等级适用于交汇区域，如购物街，交叉路口等，驾驶机动车辆的司机和其他道路使用者，NOTE 1 Guidance on the application of these classes is given in prCEN/TR 13201-1.给出了这些等级的应用指南在13201-1中有说明CE classes can also be applied to areas used by pedestrians and pedal cyclists, e.g. underpasses. CE等级同样适用于步行和自行车区域，如地下通道The average illuminance ( E ) and the overall uniformity of the illuminance (Uo) are to be calculated and measured in accordance with EN 13201-3 and EN 13201-4.根据EN 13201-3 和 EN 13201-4，计算和测量平均照度和总照度均匀度The road area for which the requirements of Table 2 apply can include the carriageway only, when applying separate requirements for the adequate lighting of other road areas for pedestrian and cyclists, or it can include also other road areas. 当人行道和自行车道应用单独的照明要求时，适用表2要求的道路区域，仅包括车道，否则可以包括其他的道路区域。NOTE 2 Limitation of glare can be achieved by the selection of luminaires according to the classes G.1, G.2, G.3, G.4, G.5 or G.6 of annex A. Alternatively, when it is practicable to evaluate TI values for all relevant combinations of directions and observer positions, the TI value taken from Table 1a can be applied. 根据附录A中的G.1, G.2, G.3, G.4, G.5 或 G.6等级选择光源，可以限制眩光。或者，当可以评估所有观察方向和观察位置的TI时， 可以用表1a中的TI值Table 2 CE-series of lighting classes CE系列照明等级Class等级Horizontal illuminance 水平照度E in lx minimum maintainedUo minimumCE0500,4CE1300,4CE2200,4CE3150,4CE4100,4CE5 750,4NOTE 3 The CE classes are mainly intended for use when the conventions for road surface luminancecalculations do not apply or are impracticable. This can occur when the viewing distances are less than 60 m and when several observer positions are relevant. The CE classes are simultaneously intended for other road users on the conflict area. The CE classes have further application for pedestrian and pedal cyclists in such cases, where