（江苏专用）高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world讲义 牛津译林版必修4.doc

unit 3 tomorrows world话题词汇1.affection n.喜爱2.alarmed adj.惊恐的3.digital adj.数字的；数码的4.desire v.渴望；想要5.breakthrough n.突破6.advanced adj.先进的；高级的7.experiment with做实验8.test out试验9.dream about/of梦想 10.with the rapid development of随着的快速发展经典语篇假设你将参加英语报社开展的一次征文活动，征文的主题是 “what peoples life will be like in 2100？”。请以此为题，根据下列提示写一篇英语短文。1.人类可能到太空度假；2.某些科学家可能在海底生活；3.孩子们可以通过因特网接受教育；4.机器人帮你做饭，打扫卫生等。注意：1.词数150左右；2.可以根据提示，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。佳作欣赏i have been dreaming of the life in 2100.what will it be like？it is likely that people will go to space for a holiday.besides，some scientists will lead a life under the sea.whats more，in the remote areas，children wont need to get up early and come back home late，because there is a long distance between their homes and schools.they will study at their own homes through the internet.many people，including you and me，dont like to do housework.in 2100，there is no doubt that every family will have a robot.every day what we can do is to tell the robot to do all we must do，such as cooking and doing some cleaning etc.i strongly believe the dream will come true in the future.思维发散1.将第句改为简单句people are likely to go to space for a holiday.2.将第句进行句型转换besides/in addition/furthermore/moreover，in the remote areas，children wont need to get up early and come back home late.3.仿照第句翻译句子毫无疑问，有一天会找到治疗方法的。theres no doubt that one day a cure will be found.4.仿照第句用such as.完成句子他已明白：一个男孩逐渐养成如抽烟、酗酒等坏习惯很容易，但是戒掉它们就不那么容易了。he has got to know that it is easy for a boy to slide into the bad habits，such as smoking and drinking，which are not so easy to get rid of.重点单词a.写作单词1.hire (vt.)聘用，雇用；租用，租借2.mankind (n.)人类3.winning (adj.)制胜的，获胜的4.master (n.)主宰；主人；大师；(vt.)精通，掌握；控制5.escape (vi.& vt.)逃跑，逃离，逃脱；避免，避开；被遗忘，被忽视；(n.)逃离，逃脱6. injure (vt.)伤害，损害injury (n.)伤害，损害；负伤7. disadvantage (n.)缺点；不利因素，障碍advantage (n.)优点；有利因素，优势8.reality (n.)现实，事实realize/realise (vt.)实现；意识到realistic (adj.)现实的；可实现的；逼真的9. function (vi.)起作用，正常运转；(n.)作用，功能；职能functional (adj.)功能的；实用的10. confident (adj.)自信的；肯定的，有把握的confidently (adv.)自信地；确信地confidence (n.)信心；信任11. impression (n.)印象，感想impress (vt.)使印象深刻；使铭记impressive (adj.)给人深刻印象的；感人的12.social (adj.)社交的，交际的；社会的society (n.)社会socialism (n.)社会主义socialist (adj.)社会主义的socialize (v.)交友，社交b.阅读单词13.terror (n.)惊恐，恐惧14.sightseeing (n.)观光，游览15.amaze (vt.)使惊奇，使惊诧16.worn (adj.)破旧的；疲惫的17.accuse (vt.)控诉，控告；谴责18.fade (vi.)逐渐消失；(使)变淡；走下坡路，衰落19.exit (n.)出口；离去，退场；(vi.& vt.)出去，离去，退场20.chief (adj.)最重要的，首要的，主要的；(n.)(公司或机构的)首领chiefly (adv.)主要地，首要地21.passive (adj.)被动的；消极的active (adj.)主动的；积极的22.constant (adj.)连续发生的，不断的；恒定的constantly (adv.)不断地；经常地23.secure (adj.)安全的；有把握的；稳固的，坚固的；(vt.)获得；使安全security (n.)平安，安全；安全措施24.electric (adj.)电的，电动的electrical (adj.)电的，用电的electronic (adj.)电子的electricity (n.)电；电流；电学25.presentation (n.)展示，介绍；颁发；提交，出示present (vt.)介绍；颁发，授予；(adj.)出席的，在场的；现在的；(n.)礼物；目前，现在.重点短语1.as to至于，关于2.put forward提出，提议3.add to使增强，使增加，使扩大4.last but not least最后但同样重要的.经典句式1.not only will he or she feel every step of climbing mount qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment.使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音。2.this kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical，compared with the way most urban planning is done today.长远来说，与现在大多数城市规划方式相比，这种城市规划方式更经济、更实用。3.however，in many ways virtual reality seems more like a toy rather than a useful technology.然而，在许多方面，虚拟现实技术更像是一种玩具而不是一项有用的技术。4.in my opinion，it is about time we had new computers.在我看来，我们应该有新的电脑了。5.at first，i thought that the eloi had forced the morlocks to do all of the work so that the eloi could play.起初，我认为是eloi人强迫morlocks人做所有的工作以便于他们能玩耍。1reality n.u现实，真实；n.c事实，现实(的事物)应试指导在作文中的应用：实现梦想turn ones dream into reality/realize onedream(1)in reality事实上，实际上come into reality(梦想)实现(2)realize vt.实现；意识到，了解(1)the only step between dream and reality is action!梦想与现实之间就一步之遥，那就是行动！(2)he seems selfconfident，but in reality he is very shy.他看上去很自信，但实际上很腼腆。(3)i didnt realize how late it was when we were playing.我没有意识到当我们弹奏时天多么晚了。(2015北京)多维训练(1)完成句子只要你想到的并且相信的，都能成为现实！whatever you will think of and believe in can come into reality.最终他实现了做一名著名的作家的梦想。at last he realized his dream of being a famous writer.(2)men and women should be treated equally according to the law，but there is great room for improvement.a.in reality b.above allc.after all d.in return答案a解析in reality实际上；above all首先，最重要的是；after all毕竟，终究；in return作为回报。句意为：根据法律，男女应该被平等对待，但是实际上还有很大的改进空间。由句意知选a。2应试指导(1)amaze相关派生词的用法(2)活动类写作高频词汇(1)amazing adj.令人惊异的(2)amazed adj.吃惊的，惊奇的be amazed at/by 对感到惊讶be amazed to do.做很惊讶(3)amazement n.惊奇，惊讶in amazement惊讶地to ones amazement使某人惊讶的是(1)its amazing how stupid people can be.让人吃惊的是人们竟然会如此愚笨。(2)we were amazed to learn that she had left the hospital 18 million.听说她把1 800万美元留给了医院，这让我们感到很惊讶。(3)youd be amazed at the difference it makes in your attitude to life.你会对这些给你带来的生活态度上的不同感到惊讶。多维训练(1)用amaze的适当形式填空isnt it amazing how the human body heals itself after an injury?the world watched london in amazement.i was amazed to learn she was still writing her stories.(2)一句多译使他惊奇的是，这只蜜蜂开始跳起舞来了。to his amazement，the bee began to perform a dance.(to ones amazement)what amazed him was that the bee began to perform a dance.(what主语从句)he was amazed to find the bee began to perform a dance.(be amazed to do)3应试指导confident的介词搭配(1)be confident of/about对有信心be confident that.对有把握(2)confidence n.自信心；信任with confidence自信地；有信心地have confidence in对有信心(1)confident people believe in themselves，and because they believe，they achieve.自信的人相信自己，因为他们相信，所以成功。(2)mr.ryan is confident of success.瑞安先生坚信一定会成功。(3)we were confident that we would be able to get through the storm.我们确信能安全度过暴风雨。多维训练(1)用适当的介词填空he answered the question with confidence.the government is confident of/about winning the next term of office.we should encourage him to have confidence in himself.(2)you are about the job interview，arent you?sure，i am.i am well prepared.a.curious b.confidentc.worried d.concerned答案b解析考查形容词辨析。be curious about对好奇；be confident about对有信心；be worried about担心；be concerned about关心，担忧。由答语可知选b。4应试指导考查派生词(1)in reality，he is disabled and can no longer walk.事实上，他有残疾已经无法行走了。(2)do you know anyone with a mental or physical disability?你认识任何患有精神或身体残疾的人吗？(3)the software enables you to access the internet in seconds.这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可访问互联网。多维训练用able的适当形式填空(1)many express ways were disabled in the south of china because of the cold weather.(2)tom broke down and was unable to work for a year.(3)the measures will enable us to double our output of bicycles.(4)the teacher showed particular concern for the disabled child.(5)a man of great ability like him will finally reach the top.5应试指导写作高频词汇at sbs convenience在某人方便时for convenience为方便起见for the convenience of为了方便convenient adj.方便的if convenient如果方便的话it is convenient for sb.to do.对某人来说做某事很方便。(1)i will call you next week to arrange a meeting at your convenience.我将在下星期打电话给您，约定一个您方便的会面时间。(2)we do so for the convenience of our customers.我们这样做是为了方便我们的顾客。(3)we hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you.如果你方便的话，我们希望你能接受我们的邀请。多维训练(1)完成句子we bought this house for convenience(为了方便)；its near the school.if convenient(如果方便的话)，please leave some comments in the box.is three oclock convenient for you(对你来说方便)?(2)when shall i pay the bill?dont mind it，sir. .a.please come at your convenienceb.till you are convenientc.youve got to pay it right awayd.i dont mind it either答案a解析答句句意为：不要介意，在你方便的时候来付就可以。所以选a。6应试指导写作高频词汇at a disadvantage处于不利地位under disadvantage在不利的情况下advantage n.优势，优点，好处,weigh the advantages and disadvantages权衡利弊have an advantage over优越于(1)his inability to speak french puts him at a disadvantage.他不会说法语，这使他很吃亏。(2)to maintain his dignity，he had to do his work under disadvantage.为了维护自己的尊严，他不得不在不利条件下工作。(3)every advantage has its disadvantage.有利必有弊。多维训练翻译句子(1)权衡利弊以后，我觉得b计划更好。weighing the advantages and disadvantages，i find plan b better.(2)他在年龄上比我有优势。he has an advantage over me in age.(3)这个问题让我再次处于劣势。this question put me at a disadvantage once again.7fade away消失，逐渐减弱；褪色；(人)衰弱；病重fade in淡入；渐渐显示出；(电影、电视中的画面与声音)使渐强fade out(声音、画面等)逐渐模糊；渐淡(1)the light faded as the sun went down.太阳落山后光线变弱了。(2)effect of the international financial crisis is fading away.国际金融危机的影响正逐渐减弱。(3)he saw the monitor black out and a few words faded in.他看见屏幕变暗，渐渐显示出了几个字。多维训练(1)用适当的介词填空they fear that passion for traditional chinese holidays will slowly fade out.the old man became ill and slowly faded away.(2)my enthusiasm for chinese football team gradually because of their countless failures.a.removed b.fadedc.secured d.added答案b解析句意为：因为他们无数次的失败我对于中国足球队的热情逐渐消退。由句意知选b。8escape v.逃跑，逃离，逃脱；避免，避开；被遗忘，被忽视；(气体，液体等)漏出；n.逃离，逃脱应试指导(1)后跟非谓语形式的考查(2)熟词新义的考查(1)escape用作及物动词时，表示逃避或躲避不愉快的事(监禁、管制、处罚等不幸或灾难)，也就是说没有经历这些不愉快的事情；但用作不及物动词时，则是指从监禁、管制或受罚等状态中逃脱或逃走，其后接介词from，就是说是正在经历不愉快的事情时，从中逃离了。escape from prison越狱escapen./doing sth.逃脱了/避免了escape from/out of.从逃脱(2)a narrow escape九死一生(1)to escape punishment is one of the most obvious reasons why people lie.为逃避惩罚是人类撒谎的最显而易见的原因之一。(2)more than once he had a narrow escape from being eaten by sharks.好几次他都差点被鲨鱼吃掉。多维训练(1)写出下列句中escape的汉语意思a prisoner has escaped from a jail in northern england.逃离the two officers were extremely lucky to escape serious injury.避开，避免it was an actor whose name escaped me for the moment.被遗忘leave a vent(通风口) open to let some moist air escape.漏出(2)同义句改写you are lucky to escape injury.(改为escape后跟非谓语动词作宾语)you are lucky to escape being injured.9(1)in terror惊恐地(2)terrify vt.使感到恐怖；恐吓terrify o doing.吓唬某人做(3)terrified adj.惊恐的；恐怖的be terrified at/with被吓一跳(4)terrifying adj.可怕的，令人恐怖的(1)they could only hold on to the boat in terror.他们只能惊恐地待在船上。(2)the thunderstorm terrified the child.雷雨把那个小孩吓坏了。(3)the small girl was terrified at that big black cat.小女孩被那只大黑猫吓了一跳。多维训练(1)完成句子他们恐吓她，使她交出了保险柜的钥匙。they terrified her into handing over the key to the safe.在这么黑的夜晚走这么偏的山路确实令人恐惧。一些像人一样的石头和树木让我们感到如此恐惧。walking on such a lonely mountain path in such a dark night was really terrifying.some manlike stones and trees made us so terrified.(2)most of the iraqis were at the scene where the isis terrorists killed many soldiers.a.terrified b.terrifyingc.terror d.terrify答案a解析句意为：大部分伊拉克人对于isis恐怖分子屠杀士兵的场景感到害怕。be terrified at.害怕，故选a。10应试指导(1)impress过去分词作状语(2)写作高分句式：what impressed sb.is that.(1)leave/make/create a/an.impression on sb.给某人留下的印象(2)impress v.使印象深刻；使铭记；使意识到impress.on.把印在上impress sth.on/upon sb.impress sb.with sth.使某人牢记某事be impressed by/with.对印象深刻(1)he unfortunately passed away last year due to his cancer，but he left a deep impression on me and gave me the inspiration to pick up my pen again.不幸的是他去年因癌症去世了，但他给我留下了深刻的印象，给了我启发，使我重新拿起了我的笔。(2015江苏)(2)in order to impress at a job interview，you need to bond with the interviewer right away.在工作面试时为了能留下深刻的印象，你需要马上跟面试官建立联系。(2015安徽)(3)father impressed me with the value of hard work.父亲让我牢记努力工作的重要意义。多维训练(1)用impress的适当形式填空slow and peaceful though they are，rides at this time of day are still very impressive.(2015重庆)i was very impressed by the efficiency of the staff.the book left a deep impression on him.(2)给我印象最深的是他们从不失去信心。what impressed me most was that they never lost heart.11应试指导add非谓语形式作定语或状语的考查add.to.把加到里add up合计，加起来；合情理add up to加起来达到，总计为；意味着，结果是(1)would you like to add some milk to your coffee?你想在咖啡里加些牛奶吗？(2)the soldiers were extremely tired and the heavy rain added to their difficulty.战士们累极了，而大雨更是增加了他们的困难。(3)how much does the bill add up to?账单加起来一共是多少？图解助记多维训练(1)用add短语的适当形式填空i dont think these facts add up to anything.well，i could be wrong，but it all seems to add up.the letter added to tensions between western and eastern eu members.(2)翻译句子大雨增加了营救被掩埋群众的困难。the heavy rain added to the difficulty in rescuing the buried people.(3)the engine of the plane was out of order and the thunderstorm the helplessness of the pilot in the sky.a.appealed to b.led toc.added to d.submitted to答案c解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：飞机的引擎发生故障了，并且空中的雷雨让飞行员更加无助。appeal to呼吁，对有吸引力；lead to导致；add to增加；submit to提交，服从。根据前半句可知飞行员已经遇到了困难，故后半句指的是雷雨增加了飞行员的困难，根据句意可知选c。12多词一义put forward，come up with，raiseput away将收起来；把放回原处；积蓄put aside忽视；不理睬；储存put off延期put through接通电话put up举起；建造；提供膳宿；张贴put out扑灭put in放入；把写进(信函、故事等)(1)may i put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我可否提名你为该委员会主席的人选？(2)the meeting was put forward half an hour.会议提前了半小时。(3)i put through a longdistance call to a friend in fuzhou this morning.我今天上午给在福州的一个朋友打通了一个长途电话。(4)they put up tents in the forest.他们在森林里搭起帐篷。多维训练短语填空(1)far water doesnt put out near fire.(2)encourage children to put aside some of their pocket money to buy christmas presents.(3)the association has put the event off until october.(4)her bed was neatly made，her clothes put away.(5)class three has put forward a reasonable proposal.13应试指导写作高频词汇at (the) least至少not in the least一点也不least of all(多用于否定句)(多者之中)尤其last but one倒数第二 (1)last but not least，id love to thank all my teachers and friends.最后但同样重要的是，我要感谢我所有的老师和朋友。(2)he has been there at least twice.他至少去过那儿两次。(3)be like the sun and the meadow，which are not in the least concerned about the coming winter.要像阳光和草地那样对寒冬的来临全不在乎。多维训练(1)his house is last but one(倒数第二) in this street.(2)this television program is not in the least(一点也不) boring.(3)last but not least(最后但同样重要的是)，the community culture is very harmonious.(4)no one seemed to know what was happening，least of all(尤其) me!14多维训练(1)用disappoint的适当形式填空to our great disappointment，it rained every day of the trip.how disappointing！i expected it to be much better.my mother said it was a great day，but she was just a little disappointed that it didnt last a tiny bit longer.i always felt i was a disappointment to my father.(2)同义句改写he was greatly disappointed at the result and went away.greatly disappointed at the result，he went away.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)what disappointed him is the result and he went away.(用what从句改写)15多维训练(1)用accuse的适当形式填空her accusing eyes were fixed on him.the accused was found innocent.(2)完成句子你在指责我欺骗吗？are you accusing me of cheating?我们决定不起诉他们，免得惹是生非。we decided not to accuse them，so as not to cause any trouble.16(1)在“its (about/high) time (that).”句型中，从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气表示将来，动词形式一般用过去式，意思是“该干某事的时候了”。该句型有时还可用作its (about/high) time that sb.should do sth.，此时should不能省略。(2)由time构成的句型：its time for sth.意为“是的时候了”。its time for sb.to do sth.意为“是某人做某事的时候了”。“it/this/that is/was the first/second.time(that)从句”意为“这/那是某人第一/二次做某事”。主句用一般现在时或一般过去时，而从句相应地用现在完成时或过去完成时。(1)its time that we protected/should protect our environment.是我们该保护我们的环境的时候了。(2)hes thirty now；its high time that he should start behaving.他如今已30岁了，该是规矩行事的时候了。(3)it is about time that we taught them a lesson.该是我们好好教训他们一顿的时候了。多维训练(1)完成句子这是那个男孩子第三次迟到了。it was the third time that the boy had been late.孩子们该上学了。its time for children to go to school.(2)jack is a great talker.its high time that he something instead of just talking.a.will do b.has donec.do d.did答案d解析it is about/high time that sb.did sth.到某人做某事的时候了。所以选择d。17(1)“be of抽象名词”相当于“be形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的性质。常用于这一结构的修饰语有great，little，some，any，no，not，much等，常见的抽象名词有importance，value，use，help，benefit，significance等。(2)be of限定词抽象名词，限定词常是a，an，the，the same，my，your等，抽象名词常是sizeweight，height，length，width，age，opinion，color，price，kind，type，shape，way等，“be of限定词抽象名词”表示主语的特征，意为“属于，归于”，这些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，因此不能用“be形容词”这一结构代替。但当ofa/an修饰“高度、年龄、尺寸、价格”等时，可用(of) the same代替。(1)the book will be of great value to students of history.这本书对学历史的学生将很有用。(2)machines are of different types and sizes.机器有不同的型号和规格。(3)moderate exercise will be of benefit to you.适度运动对你有益。多维训练(1)一句多译这两个男孩年龄相同。the two boys are of the same age.(be of then.)the two boys are of an age.(be of a/ann.)(2)suddenly clouds appeared in the sky.a.different shapes b.of different shapesc.differently shapes d.of differently shapes答案b解析“of抽象名词”结构作定语，且应用形容词修饰名词，故选b项。微写作写作素材(关于未来城市生活)1.我对他们提出的城市规划很有信心。2.希望在未来三年里城市规划将变成现实。3.我相信未来的城市生活会更加便利，也会给人们带来更多快乐。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)im confident in the urban planning they have put forward，which i hope can be transformed into reality in three years.i believe city life will be more convenient and bring people more happiness.单项填空1.john is running into the church on such a windy day，with one hand raised to her hat.a.catch up with b.let go ofc.get rid of d.hold on to答案d解析考查动词短语辨析。catch up with赶上；let go of 放手；get rid of 除去；hold on to抓住不放。句意为：这样刮风的天气，约翰正在一只手抓住帽子朝教堂跑。所以选择d。2. for his action on the playing field，but he is also famous for the things that he does off the playing field.a.not he is only knownb.not only is he knownc.only is he known notd.he is only not known答案b 解析句意为：他不仅因为赛场上的表现出名，也因为球场外的所作所为而闻名。not only位于句首用部分倒装，所以选择b。3.what was so about jasmine westlands victory was that she came first in the marath