宾语从句分句种讲解含习题.doc

在主从句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句应注意以下三要素：引导词 语序 时态一、引导词 1、 that引导陈述意义的宾语从句 (that可省略) 例如：He says (that) the boy is a little weak in Chinese. 2、疑问词what, where, why, who, when, how等引导特殊疑问句意义的宾语从句。例如：.Do you know who will give us a talk? .I dont know whose book that is. .Could you please tell me which gate we have to go to? .I wonder when he will come back.注意：此类宾语从句的主语与主句的主语（或宾语）相同时，可 替换为“疑问词 + to do”例如：. I havent decided where I will go. =I havent decided where to go. . He asked me what I bought = He asked me what to buy.类似短语：how to do, what to say, what to do , where to go, 3、连词if/whether (是否)引导一般疑问句意义的宾语从句。例如：.“Do you like this book?” she asked me. =She asked me if I liked this book. .“Have you visited the Great Wall?” Could you tell me? =Could you tell me if you have visited the Great Wall?二、宾语从句的语序：宾语从句用陈述句语序 例如： I dont know whether he will come tomorrow. He asks me when you will come back . Could you tell us how many players there are in a football team?三、宾语从句的时态主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时，从句的时态不受限制，但主句的谓语动词如果是过去时态，则宾语从句的时态要按照时态呼应规则进行相应的调整，也就是说要使用过去范畴的某一时态（一般过去时；过去进行时；过去完成时；过去将来时）但当宾语从句是指客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时，则只能用一般现在时。例如：He said that he had left his umbrella in the library.The teacher told the students that the Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world.She said (that) the sun rises in the east.四、宾语从句否定意义的转移：在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后跟的宾语中，如果从句的谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移到主句谓语上去，而将从句宾语变为肯定形式。例如： I dont think he has time to play chess with you. I dont suppose it is the rush hour yet.五、一些动词接的宾语从句通常要用虚拟语气：一般说来，在一些表示坚持(insist)，命令(order，command)，建议(suggest，advise)，要求(require，demand)等动词之后的宾语从句中，谓语一般要用“should +动词原形”（其中的should在美国英语中常省略，但是引导从句的that通常不省略）：例如： She suggested that we (should) leave early He ordered that the medicine (should) be sent by a special plane注意以下几点：1：区别if“是否”（用于宾语从句），“如果”（用于状语从句） 例如：. I dont know if he will come tomorrow. If he comes, I will show him around our school.我不知道他明天是否会来。如果他来的话，我就带他参观我们学校。2：用whether不用if的几种情况1)后接不定式 例如： I cant decide whether to go to Beijing.2)与or / or not连用 例如： I want to know whether you will go to the park or not.3：在句首时 例如：Whether this is true or not, I cant say.4： whether还可以引导让步状语从句，意为“不管，无论” 例如： Whether it rains or not, we are going to the park Tomorrow.习题答案： 1-5 CAADA 6-10 CCDBD 11-15 BCBCA 16-20 BBADD 21-25 DAAAD练习：选择填空1. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to doAhow Bafter Cwhat Dwhen2. -Do you remember _ he came?-Yes，I do，he came by carAhow Bwhen Cthat Dif3. Im sorry that I _ you were here.A. didnt know B. dont knowC. wont know D. cant know4. He asked _ for the violin.Adid I pay how much B. I paid how muchChow much did I pay Dhow much I paid 5. Im interested in _ or not he is coming.A. whether B. if C. when D. why6. Can you make sure _ the gold ring?Awhere Alice had put Bwhere had Alice putCwhere Alice has put Dwhere has Alice put 7. -I believe weve met somewhere before.-No，_ .Ait isnt the same Bcant be trueCI dont think so DId rather not8. -Do you think its going to rain over the weekend？- _AI dont believe BI dont believe itCI believe not so DI believe not 9. The guard at the gate insisted that everyone _ the rulesAobeys Bobey Cwill obey Dwould obey10. He said that no one knew _ with him.A. what is the matter B. what was the matterC. what the matter is D. what the matter was11. Alice wanted to know _ her grandma liked the dog.A. that B. if C. which D. what12. Can you tell us _ ?A. where have you gone B. where have you goneC. where you have been D. where have you been13. Do you still remember _ ?A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say14. The weather here changes very often and we cant tell _ it will be like tomorrow.A. that B. how C. what D. whether15. Do you know_ from Wuhan to Xian ?A. how far it is B. how far is it C. how long it is D. how long is it16. Could you tell me _?A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in17. I dont know _ bought the present for me. Is it Jack? A. which B. who C. whose D. what18. Could you show us _ a bike ?A. how to mend B. what to buy C. where to go D. how many to buy19. I dont know _ Jane was late for school this morning.A. who B. what C. whom D. why20. -Do you remember _ he came here?-Yes, I do. He came here at 8:00.A. that B. if C. how D. when21. Mike said he _ a cold for a few days.A. has caught B. had caughtC. has had D. had had22. I dont know if he _ here. If he _, Ill tell you.A. will come, comes B. comes, will comeC. comes , comes D. will come, will come23. Could you tell me _ best?A. which one you like B. which one do you likeC. do y