（讲练测）高考英语一轮复习 模块7.4 Public transportation（讲）（含解析）牛津译林版.doc

unit 4 public transportation一、重点词汇熟记下列单词词性(词形)变化短语英语汉语意义英语汉语意义drop off 中途下客或卸货speed up(使)加速traffic jam堵车，交通堵塞arise from起因于，由引起link up联合，连接split up分组，分解，分离at()intervals每隔距离或时间risk ones own life 冒着生命的危险 put through给某人接通电话；使经历violate the law 违法 decide on/upon决定，选定result in crashes 导致碰撞 pull through the narrow tunnels穿过那些狭窄的通道watch out for people crossing the road 留心过马路的人 turn up出现，到来；调高（音量等）pull through 穿过，渡过(难关) fill in填写（表格）；消磨（时间）be aimed at 旨在 a handful of少数的，少量的in particular 特别地 in honour of 为了纪念 in need of repair under repair 需要修理正在修理，修理中 lead to导致，引起put off推迟，拖延；使反感in connection with和有关含重点词汇的教材原句(划线部分)1.【教材原句】horse-drawn buses, trams, cabs and carriages were used to conveypeople to and around the city centre. (p50) 马拉车、有轨电车、计程车和非机动车被用来将人们送往市中心及其周围一带。2.【教材原句】however, new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860.(p50)但是，新式列车得加以研发，并且这个计划需要筹集大量的资金，所以地下隧道的挖凿被推迟到1860年。3.【教材原句】having seen the situation, a wealthy american businessman, charles yerkes, undertook improving the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the many different lines and setting up the underground electric railways company of london. (p51)看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善地铁系统的工程，他买下了许多不同的地铁线，创立了伦敦电力地铁公司。4.【教材原句】after world war ended in 1945，more people travelled on the underground, so the system was enlarged and more lines were added including the victoria line，which was linked with other lines at almost every station.(p51)1945年第二次世界大战结束后，更多的人乘坐地铁，于是又增建了更多的地铁线路，其中包括维多利亚线，它所有的站几乎都和其他线相连。5.【教材原句】we could split up into groups, and come at different times.(p57)我们可以分成小组，在不同的时间来参观。6.【教材原句】there are many flights to dalian, and the city has good air connections with most large cities in china, but you need to makereservations in advance. (p59)有许多航班飞往大连，大连与中国的大多数大城市有良好的空中联系，但是你需要提前预订机票。7.【教材原句】sometimes the slow ferries are not very punctual and there may be long delays. (p59)有时候较慢的渡船不是很准时，可能会耽搁很长时间。8.【教材原句】the number of road accidents and the deaths arisingfrom those accidents has increased over the past year. (p62)在过去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死亡人数均有增长。9.【教材原句】if you drive after you have consumed alcoholic drinks or are drunk，you are violating the law and risking your own life as well as the lives of others.(p62)如果你酒后或醉酒开车，那么你是在犯法并且危及自己和他人的生命。10.【教材原句】carrying more than a light loadon your bicycle makes it more difficult to control. (p63)用自行车带上重物会使车子难以控制。11.【教材原句】they pick up and drop off people at different stops on the route.(p49)它们在沿途不同的站点让乘客上车或下车。12.【教材原句】sixteen years later, in 1884, the metropolitan railway company and the metropolitan district railway linked up and provided the underground service in the middle of the city. (p50)16年后,就是1884年,大都会铁路公司和大都会区铁路公司联合起来在城市中心提供地铁服务. 13.【教材原句】the underground electric railways company of london, the metropolitan line and all the different bus and train lines were placed under the authority ofthe board. (p51)伦敦电力地铁公司、大都会支线以及所有不同的公交、列车线路都归该署掌管。14.【教材原句】i would like to putyour visit offuntil then as the annual traffic conference is coming up nextweek. (p57)我想把你们的参观推迟到那时候，因为每年都要举行的交通会议下周就要来了。ok, i will put you through to the receptionist and she can take down your details.(p57)好吧，我给你接通接待员，她可以记下你的详细情况。15.【教材原句】newsflash: a new service has just opened between beijing and dalian and this has speeded up travel between the two cities.(p59)新闻快讯：在北京和大连之间刚刚开通了一项新的服务，这加速了两个城市之间的旅行。二、经典句型 考点-2.表示“建议”的常见句型【教材原句】why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today? (p51) 那么，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观光一番呢？考点-3.what is/was.like句型【教材原句】what was the london underground like in 1863？(p52)1863年伦敦的地铁状况怎么样？ 三、语法自主复习复习本单元的预习教材grammar and usage：短语动词。短语动词短语动词是由动词和其他词类一起连用而构成的固定词组，相当于一个实义动词，表达一个完整的动词概念。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些相当于不及物动词。一、短语动词常见的构成方式及其注意点1.动词+副词所构成的短语动词分及物的和不及物的两类please turn off every light in the house. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。（及物）harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。（不及物）注意：如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开she turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。she gave them away.她把它们送掉了。同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上有很大的差异。break out爆发 break up打碎；分解 break down出毛病；抛锚；分解；崩溃dont be so discouraged. if you give up such feelings, you will do better next time.a. carry onb. get backc. break down d. put away i was still sleeping when the fire _,and then it spread quickly.a. broke out b. put out c. came out d. got out 2.动词+介词所构成的短语动词相当于及物动词im looking for my glasses.我在找我的眼镜。注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上有很大的差异。look after照料，look at看，look for寻找once a decision has been made，all of us should _it.a. direct to b. stick to c. lead to d. refer to【解析】答案为b。stick to意为“坚守（规则、诺言等）”its the present situation in poor areas that _much higher spending on education and training.a. answers forb. provides forc. calls ford. plans for 3.动词+副词(名词/反身代词)+介词所构成的短语动词相当于及物动词i look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就见到你。i dont _rock n roll. its much too noisy for my taste.a. go after b. go away withc. go intod. go in for why do we have to _joans selfish behavior? she should learn to care for others.a. keep up with b. catch up with c. put up with d. come up with you cant imagine what difficulty we had _home in the snowstorm.a. walkedb. walk c. to walkd. walking she devoted herself _ the problems of the teenagers.a. in studying b. at studying c. to study d. to studying【解析】答案为d。devote oneself to意为“专心，致力于，献身”。“to”为介词注意：“动词介词”“动词名词介词”“动词副词介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。both old people and children were taken good care of there.那儿的老人和孩子都得到了很好的照顾。二、常见重点短语动词1.不同的动词后面加上相同的介词或副词使用频率较高的这类动词有：call, cut, come, go, get, look, put, set, turn, take, pay, pick, make等。常见的介词或副词有：in, off, out, up, down, away, with, on, over等。现将重点短语列举如下：(1)“动词 away”型短语动词：throw away扔掉 put away把收起carry away运走 run away逃离，跑开my mother opened the drawer to _ the knives and spoons.a. put away b. put up c. put on d. put together (2)“动词 down”型短语动词：go down倒下，下沉，下落 get down下车take down取下，写下 turn down调低(音量)，拒绝bring down使垮台，降低，减少 tear down拆除the government has taken measures to _the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.a. take down b. bring downc. hand down d. tear down (3)“动词on”型短语动词：try on试穿 put on穿上，上演have on穿着，戴着 hold on不挂断，坚持住，抓紧carry on继续开展，坚持 keep on继续go on继续 get on上(车) feed on以为食focus on致力于，使聚焦于，使直射于，(使)集中 butterflies _ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.a. carry on b. feed on c. put on d. focus on (4)“动词out”型短语动词：come out出版 go out出去，熄灭hand out分发 pick out挑选，辨别出find out找出，发现 turn out生产，结果是work out计算出，锻炼 carry out实施，执行rule out排除point out指出you cant predict everything. often things dont _as you expect.a. run out b. break outc. work out d. put out (5)“动词over”型短语动词：hand over移交 go over仔细检查，复习think over仔细考虑 look over检查turn over翻转to get a better grade, you should _ the notes again before the test.a. go over b. get overc. turn over d. take over (6)“动词up”型短语动词：come up走近，升起，被提及 cut up切碎turn up 出现，到场；开大；被发现make up虚构，补上，组成 take up占据，开始从事pick up捡起，(开车)接某人，偶然学会walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _ his courage.a. hold up b. keep upc. set up d. take up 2.同一个动词后面加上不同的介词或副词常见的这类动词有：break，die，bring，call，cut，come，go，get，look，put，set，turn，take，pay，pick，make等。现将高考常考短语列举如下：(1)“break介词/副词”型短语动词：break away from 脱离，逃离，打破break down 出故障，失败，拆毁，(身体)垮掉break into 闯入；强行进入break off 中断break out 爆发，发生break through 突破break up 解散，分解；结束he had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system _.a. broke in b. broke upc. broke out d. broke down (2)“bring介词/副词”型短语动词：bring about导致，引起bring back 带回，使回忆，使恢复bring in 赚得，引进bring out 使显现；出版，生产bring up 抚养，养育，培养bring down 使降下来；减少；打倒；击败；the government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.a. take downb. bring downc. hand downd. tear down (3)“call介词/副词”型短语动词：call for 需要，要求call in 召集call off 取消，下令停止call on 拜访(某人)，号召call out 大声喊，唤起call up 打电话给；使想起call on拜访(人)；号召the somali robbed frequent attacks on the sea urged the united nations to all nations to take immediate action. a. fight for b. apply for c. call on d. wait on (4)“come介词/副词”型短语动词：come about 发生come across 偶然发现，遇到come down 倒下，降落，下降come to 苏醒；共计come up with 提出，想出if you _faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. a. come across b. care about c. look for d. focus upon (5)“get介词/副词”型短语动词get across 被理解，把讲清楚get along with 与相处get around 走动；传播，流传get down to 认真对待get off 脱下(衣服)；下车，动身get over 恢复；痊愈；克服；完成get rid of 摆脱，扔掉get through 拨通；到达；完成；通过after that, he knew he could _ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.a. get away with b. get on withc. get through d. get across (6)“give介词/副词”型短语动词：give away 赠送；泄露give back 归还give in 屈服，让步，投降give off 发出(烟，气味等)give up 放弃，停止give way to 让步，退却；让先行give out vt. 分发，发出，筋疲力尽vi. 用完the moment i completed the 800meter race in the school sports meet, my legs _.a. gave out b. gave awayc. gave in d. gave up (7)“go介词/副词”型短语动词：go about 走来走去，(谣言等)流传go against 反对，不利于go ahead 前进，进展，继续go by 经过，过去go in for 喜欢，参加考试go through 审查，通过，经历go up 上升，上涨go down下降go without 无需，没有也行all my pockets have been _ but i cant find my keys.a. got through b. given outc. gone through d. gone down (8)“keep介词/副词”型短语动词：keep away (from) 不接近，避开，远离keep back 阻止，扣留，隐瞒keep off 不接近，远离keep out 使不入内keep up 继续，坚持，保持，维持keep up with . 赶上，与并肩前进walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _ his courage.a. hold up b. keep up c. set up d. take up (9)“look介词/副词”型短语动词：look around 东张西望look back on/upon . 回顾look down on/upon 俯视；轻视look forward to 盼望，期待look into 窥视；调查；浏览look on/upon 旁观look on/upon .as . 把看作look out 向外看；当心，提防look over 检查look up 查阅，仰视，好转look up to 仰望，尊敬look through 透过看去，看穿；浏览，彻底调查i often _the words i dont know in the dictionary or on the internet.a. look up b. look atc. look for d. look into (10)“put介词/副词”型短语动词：put aside 把放在一边，储存put down 放下，镇压put forward 提出，建议put off 推迟，延迟put out 生产，出版put up 搭建，张贴；投宿he decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _ at a hotel for the night.a. putting down b. putting offc. putting on d. putting up (11)“set介词/副词”型短语动词：set about (doing) 着手，开始s