D5 U3 P9-10 教师版 阅读理解.docx

Unit 3 Life in future Day5 period 9-10语言要点单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词形变化1.settlement n. 定居；解决settle v. 安放, 使定居, 安排; 安家, 定居2. surrounding n. 周围的事物；环境 surround v. 包围, 围绕3. press v. 按；压；逼迫pressure n. 压, 压力,4.require v. 需要；要求；命令requirement n. 需要；要求；命令重点单词1. private adj.私人的；私有的2. settlement n.定居；解决3. impression n.印象；感想；印记4. remind v.提醒；使想起5. previous adj.在前的；早先的6. lack v.缺乏；没有 n.缺乏；短缺的东西7. require v.需要；要求；命令8. assist v.援助；帮助；协助重点词组1.take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续2.be similar to 与相似3.in all directions向四面八方4.lose sight of/ catch sight of不再看见./ 瞥见5.sweep up打扫；横扫 重点句子1. What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome?2. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get when flying,重点语法过去分词做状语II 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）settlement n. 定居；解决settle v. 安放, 使定居, 安排; 安家, 定居surrounding n. 周围的事物；环境 surround v. 包围, 围绕press v. 按；压；逼迫pressure n. 压, 压力,require v. 需要；要求；命令requirement n. 需要；要求；命令impression n. 印象, 感想,impress v. 印, 留下印象【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1） _ by green hill on the north and south and a blue sea on the east, this city really enjoys nice _.(surrounding)2） Its time you _ your difference with your father. (settlement)3） -Whats your _ of the new teacher?-He is a kind and handsome young man, but what _ me most is his sense of humour.(impression)4） It is _ that all students should wear the school uniform in school, but not all students obey the _. (require)5） The nurse _ the wound and the _ to the arm stopped the bleeding at last. (press)keys: 1）Surrounded; surroundings 2）settled; 3）impression; impresses 4）required; requirement 5）pressed; pressure 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. private adj. 1)私人的；个人的 2)私下的, 保密的; 典例1) When children grow up, they are eager to get private rooms for themselves.当孩子长大了，他们都渴望有自己的房间。2) I wish to have a private talk with you. 我想私底下和你谈谈。练习 汉译英1) 老师应该允许孩子具有自己的观点。_Keys: 1)Teachers should allow children to have their private opinion. 2. settlement n. 1) 定居点C 2)（解决纷争的）协议C 3) 解决，处理U典例1) The Indians often attacked the settlements of the colonist. 印地安人经常袭击殖民者的定居点。2) The strikers and the employers have reached a settlement over new working conditions. 罢工者已经与顾主就新的工作条件达成了协议。 重点用法settle v.定居 come to a settlement解决; 决定; 和解settle in Canada. 定居加拿大 settle down安顿下来：过稳定有序的生活：练习 汉译英1) 他与一家人安顿下来务农 _Keys: 1) He settled down as a farmer with a family. 3. impression n.印；印痕；印记；印象；意念；概念 典例 1) Your performance gave me a strong impression你的表演给我留下了很深的印象。2) What I said made no impression on him我的话对他不起作用。重点用法impress v.留下印象impress sthonupon ones mind 把牢记在心上have an impression of sthdoing sththatmake an impression on sb 给某人留下印象make no impression on 对无影响效果give sba favorable impression给某人以好印象an impression of sbs foot某人的脚印练习 汉译英1) 我隐约记得我们以前曾经见过面_Keys: 1)I have the impression that we have met once before. 4. remind v.提醒；使想起典例1) The picture reminds me of my college days这张照片使我想起了大学里的日子。重点用法remind sbof sth=remind sbabout. 提醒某人某事；remind sbthat也可以表示“提醒某人做某事”或“使某人想起去做某事”。考例单项填空 What you said just now_ me of that American professor.A. mentioned B. informed C. reminded D. memorized【解析】remind sb. of sth.使/让某人想起某事；informed sb. of sth.通知某人事情。A,D都无此结构。答案：C。练习根据句子的意思在横线里填入适当的词。 1)Please remind yourself often _ your weak points，shortcomings and mistakes 2)Please remind him _(post)the letters.Keys: 1) of 2) to post 5. previous adj.先的, 前的; 事前的; 以前的重点用法previous to 在之前典例1）He did better in his previous study.他在预习方面做得好。2）His previous attempt was successful. 他以前的尝试成功了。 练习 汉译英1）你以前有过这种工作经验吗？_Keys: 1）Do you have any previous experience of this kind of job? 6. lack vt.缺乏；没有 n.缺乏；短缺的东西重点用法lack sth.(wisdomcommon sensemoney缺乏智慧常识/金钱)be lacking in (couragedetermination to do.) 缺乏做某事的勇气决心athe lack of 的缺乏 for lack of 因缺乏 have no lack of 不缺乏典例1) You will not be lacking in support from me. 你将得到我的帮助2) I lacked for nothing. 我不需要任何东西练习用lack的适当形式填空。 1)Though _(1ack)money，his parents managed to send him to university 2)He completely _ conscience3)She is _ in responsibility.4) _ of rest makes her look tired.Keys: 1)lacking 2)lacked 3) lacking 4)Lack7. require v.需要；要求；命令重点用法 require+ n./ pron. /doing sth./ to do sth/that-clause典例 1) This suggestion will require careful thought. 这建议需要仔细考虑。 2) To carry out this plan would require increasing our staff by 50 执行这计划需要增加50的人员。 练习用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。 1)His health requires that he _(go)to bed early 2)The floor requires _ (wash) Keys: 1) (should) go 2)washing8. assist vt.vi帮助；援助订参与，出席重点用法assist sb in/with sth辅助(某人)某事assist sbin doing sth 辅助(某人)做某事assist sbto do sth 辅助(某人)做某事assist with 帮助(照料，做)；在上给予帮助典例1)I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity有机会我愿随时帮你。2)Im afraid I cant assist you，you have to go and see the manager我恐怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。 练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。 1)The young nurse was very nervous when she _ in her first operation 2)A team of nurses _ the doctor _ performing me operation3)She employed a woman to _ her _ the housework 4)Good glasses will _ you _ read Keys: 1)was assisting 2)assisted; in 3) assist; with 4)assist; to重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. take up 从事；占(时间、空间、注意力、等)；继续 典例1)This table takes up too much room这张桌子太占地方。2)She has taken up a job as a teacher她当上老师了。 短语归纳take off脱掉（衣服等）；起飞：打折：作为折扣而减价：take over接管：获得对的控制或管理take apart拆开：分开后将分成许多部分take for把视作：误认为take for granted认为是理所当然take down写下,记下take back收回(诺言);练习根据括号里所给的汉语补全句子或翻译句子。 1)To keep healthy，Professor Johnson _(从事；开始做)cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired 2)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _(从事，占据)most of her dayKeys: 1)took up 2)takes up2.be similar to 与相似典例1) His views are similar to mine.他的观点与我的很相似.2) They are similar to each other in appearance.他们在长相上非常相似。相似短语归纳be familiar to 对某人来说是熟悉的be familiar with 某人对很熟悉 in a similar way以与.相似的方式练习 汉译英1.在经济发展方面,印度和中国很相似。_Key: 1) India is very similar to China in the development of economy.3.lose sight of/ catch sight of不再看见./ 瞥见重点用法gethave(a)sight of 看见，发现at(the)sight of 一看见at first sight 乍一见 out of sight 不被看见，在视线之外 out of sight of 在看不见的地方inwithin sight 被见到，在视线内 inwithin sight of在看得见的地方练习 汉译英1) 他一直挥手直至火车消失在视线中._Keys: 1)He waved until the train was out of sight. 4.sweep up打扫；横扫短语归纳sweep aside放堆到一边, 不予理会sweep away扫清, 迅速消灭, 肃清, 冲走sweep off扫清; 吹走; 大量清除sweep out扫掉; 清除sweep over将.一扫而光练习选择短语并用恰当的形式填空。1) After the party, the house needed _.2) The leaves were _ into the air by the strong wind.A. sweep off B. sweep over C. sweep up D. sweep outKeys: 1.sweeping up 2. swept up【阅读理解】得分要领（1） 略读：通过整体粗读，领略内容大意,为细读作准备。在进行阅读时要有意识地找出主题句，抓住中心，从而达到整体理解的目的。（2） 跳读：寻找所需信息，如年代、数字、人名、地名等。把握关键词，利用过渡词、语气转折词及时态等，理清文章脉络。（3） 细读：分段细读，注意细节，注意语言结构，处理语言点，抓住关键信息，揭示文章结构的内在联系，帮助深化理解。（4） 推读：推测未直接写明的含义、因果关系以及词义。遇到新的单词、表达法或语法要学会根据上下文进行猜测。（5） 概读：要求自己从标题到各个部分都进行概读，以归纳出要点, 概括文章的主旨、作者的态度，这样就能了解全文的概貌。概读还有助于我们把握上下文之间的意义联系,培养综合概括能力。下面以一篇阅读理解为例，来进行说明。 Fans celebrated when Liu Xiang cruised to an easy victory at the 10th National Games on October 20, 2005. They didnt really care about how the Olympic gold medallist got into a doctoral program. “So he entered the program without taking any form of entrance examination, whats the big deal? He is a hero; he deserves it.” Such is a very “Chinese” logicthe authority and honor one gains in a certain field prevails and brings the person bigger authority and honor in literally every other field. Liu excels and wins glory for his country in the sports world. Accordingly, he has been generously awarded in terms of wealth and social honors. But this is not enough. The 22yearold runner is now “awarded” admission into a fiveyear sports management program at his alma mater(母校) and is trusted to succeed in the academic world. Considering the fact that the East China Normal University has prepared a special advisory team of more than 10 professors to meet Lius needs, the trust the admissions committee has in the young athlete is quite unconditional. Ji Liu, dean of the School of Sports and Health Care and Lius doctoral adviser, believes that it should not be a problem for Liu Xiang to be a qualified graduate student, because “he is smart and has already been equipped with an undergraduate background.” Yes, Liu is smart. But being smart doesnt mean he is academically minded or knowledgeable. Some people argue that Liu has the kind of insights into the sports world that ordinary doctorate students dont have. True, but again he is pursuing a researchoriented degree, rather than one with a professional track. With a bunch of races scheduled and the 2008 Olympic Games approaching, Liu is extremely busy with his mission to succeed as the greatest hope China has ever had in international track and field events. Its doubtful how much time he will have to be able to do postgraduate work. Even if he does manage to squeeze some time between training and competitions, is it reasonable to have 10 professors go, fly in some cases, back and forth to tutor only one single student, when graduate education resources are so scarce in China? Liu Xiang is a great athlete. He deserves all the prizes and honors meant to reward his efforts on the track. But giving him a doctorate is too much. I like Liu Xiang and as a Shanghainese, I am proud of this talented, hardworking and amiable young man. But Im rather reserved(保留) over the nature and timing of his scholarly pursuits. 解题策略：这篇文章主要关于刘翔进入大学深造，大学为其提供了特殊的待遇，以及由此引发的争论。因为刘翔属于公众人物，而且在刘翔之前已有太多体育明星进名校深造，所以很多同学对这方面的主题有很丰富的知识储备。借助自身的非直观信息，再借助题目和选项，产生合理的预测，可以加强对本篇文章的理解。同时这篇文章有一定的生词量（cruised，prevails），可能会给同学们阅读造成心理障碍。要相信文章中肯定会包含一些不十分必要的信息（冗余现象）。即使有一个词和短语看不懂，我们也可以读懂整篇文章的意思。 1. The words of “the fact” in the third paragraph refer to_. A. that the authority and honor one gains in a certain field prevails and brings the person bigger authority and honor in literally every other field B. that Liu Xiang is certainly able to succeed in the academic world C. that Liu Xiang has the kind of insights into the sports world that ordinary doctorate students dont have D. that Liu Xiang gained an easy victory at the 10th National Games on October 20,2005 解题策略：本题属于浅层推理判断题。可以运用阅读策略：分段细读，注意细节，抓住主要事实和关键信息，根据the trust the admissions committee has in the young athlete is quite unconditional，我们可以推断出B项是正确的。另外该题也可借助冗余现象，从第一段里的Such is a very “Chinese” logic .brings the person bigger authority and honor in literally every other field.也可以得出B项正确。 2. Whats Liu Xiangs great mission in the future according to the passage? A. to take part in a bunch of races in international track and field events. B. to manage to spare enough time for training and competitions. C. to receive his doctor degree successfully in five years. D. to succeed in track and field events in the 2008 Olympic Games. 解题策略：本题属于事实细节题。可以运用跳读策略，从第六段With a bunch of r