2014一模阅读CB.doc

丰台一模CNow Hear This What do former American president Bill Clinton and rock musician Pete Townshend have in common.? Both men have hearing damage from exposure to loud music, and both now wear hearing aids as a consequence. As a teenager, Clinton played saxophone in a band. Townshend, who has the more severe hearing loss, was a guitarist for a band called the Who. He is one of the first rock musicians to call the publics attention to the problem of hearing loss from exposure to loud music. Temporary hearing loss can happen after only 15 minutes of listening to loud music. One early warning sign is when your ears begin to feel warm while you listen to music at a rock concert or through headphones. One later is that an unusual sound or a ringing is sometimes produced in your head after the concert. What happens is that the hair cells in the inner ear are damaged, but theyre not dead, says physician and ear specialist Dr. Sam Levine. According to Dr. Levine, if you avoid further exposure to loud noise, its possible to recondition the cells somewhat. However, he adds, Eventually, over a long period of time, hair cells are permanently damaged. And this is no small problem. What sound level is dangerous? According to Dr. Levine, regular exposure to noise above 85 decibels (分贝) is considered dangerous. The chart below offers a comparison of decibel levels to certain sounds. Heres another measurement you can use. If youre at a rock concert and the music is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself heard, you re at risk for hearing loss. Thats when wearing protective devices such as earplugs becomes critical. The facts are pretty frightening. But are rock bands turning down the volume.? Most arent. Rock music is supposed to be loud, says drummer Andrew Sather. I wouldnt have it any other way. And neither would the real fans of rock. Continued exposure to loud music and the failure to wear earplugs can lead to deafness, according to Dr. Levine. He states, Theres no cure for hearing loss. Your ears are trying to tell you something. That ringing is the scream of your hair cells dying. Each time that happens, more and more damage is done. Levels of Common NoisesNormal conversation 50 65 dBFood blender 88 dBJet plane flying above a person standing outside 103 dBRock band during a concert 110 140 dB63. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that . A. loud music is a major cause of hearing loss B. famous people tend to have hearing problems C. teenagers should stay away from school bands D. the problem of hearing damage is widely known64. In Paragraph 3, the underlined word recondition means . A. not to be seen B. to fill with sound C. to become larger in size D. to make good again65. The purpose of the chart at the end of the article is to show . A. a list of harmful sounds B. the effect of rock concerts C. the noise levels of familiar sounds D. relationship between daily activities and hearing loss66. Which of the following statements will Dr. Sam Levine probably agree? A. When your ears feel warm, your hair cells are dead. B. Drummer Andrew Sather gives good advice. C. Many are taking the risk of losing hearing. D. Doctors know how to cure hearing loss.D Whether we should allow marine (海洋的) parks to stay open has been widely debated in our community recently. A variety of different arguments have been put forward about it. Smith, a sociologist, argued that dolphin parks provide the only opportunity for much of the public to see marine mammals. As this argument goes, most Australians live in cities and never get to see these animals. Marine parks allow the average Australian to appreciate our marine wildlife. However, in fact, there are many places where they can be seen in the wild. Moreover, these places do not charge an overpriced entry fee they are free. Dr. Alison Lane, the director of the Cairns Marine Science Institute, insists that we need marine parks for scientific research. She argues that much of our knowledge of marine mammals comes from studies which were undertaken at marine parks. The knowledge which is obtained at marine parks can be useful for planning for the preservation of marine mammal species. However, Jones, a zoologist, explains that park research is only useful for understanding captive animals and is not useful for learning about animals in the wild. Their diets are different, they have significantly lower life lengths and they are more likely to have a disease. In addition, marine mammals in dolphin parks are trained and this means that their patterns of social behaviour are changed. The Marine Park Owners Association holds that marine parks attract a lot of foreign tourists. This position goes on to state that these tourists spend a lot of money, increasing our foreign exchange earnings and assisting our national balance of payments. However, foreign tourists would still come to Australia if the parks were closed down. Indeed, surveys of overseas tourists show that they come here for a variety of other reasons and not to visit places like Seaworld. Tourists come here to see our native wildlife in its natural environment and not to see it in cages and concrete pools. They can see animals in those conditions in their own countries. In a word, perhaps an agreement cannot be reached now. However, a question does deserve our consideration: If we continue with our past crimes against these creatures, how will our future generations view us?67. Who support(s) the idea of closing marine parks? A. Most Australians. B. Alison Lane. C. Smith. D. Jones.68. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 3 ? A. The results from studies are valuable in animal preservation. B. Scientific research at the marine parks has its limitations. C. Captive animals have biology changes in marine parks. D. Human behavior causes harmful effects on the animals.69. Which is NOT the reason to keep marine parks? A. For entertainment purpose. B. For scientific research purpose. C. For economic purpose. D. For political purpose.70. The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by . A. pointing out the problems with keeping the marine parksB. using evidence he has collected at the marine parksC. discussing the advantages of animals natural homesD. questioning the way the animals are studied 63. A 64. D 65. B 66. C 67. D 68. B 69. D 70. A海淀一模CEverywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets.When connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.People have been influenced to become technology addicted.One survey reported that “addicted” was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices.One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol. The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life.They have successfully created a cultural disease.Consumers willingly give up their freedom, money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.I see people trapped in a pathological（病态的）relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them.I call this technology servitude.I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money. What is a healthy use of technology devices?That is the vital question.Who is really in charge of my life?That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology.When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology.Mae West is famous for proclaiming the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful.” But its time to discover that it does not work for technology.Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swept away by our technologies.” To break the grand digital connection people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without todays overused technology.63. The underlined word “allure” in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. advantage B. attraction C.adaption D. attempt64. From the passage, technology companies aim to _.A. attract people to buy their products B. provide the latest informationC. improve peoples quality of life D. deal with cultural diseases65. It can be inferred from this passage that people _.A. consider too much technology wonderfulB. have realized the harm of high-tech devicesC. can regain freedom without high-tech devices D. may enjoy life better without overused technology 66. Whats the authors attitude towards the overusing of high-tech devices?A. Neutral. B. Sceptical. C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.DDid you see American figure skater, Jeremy Abbott, crash to the ice during the short program at the Sochi Olympics, rolling into the wall, clutching his side in pain. Ten seconds later, he got up and continued his skatedespite the pain, embarrassment and fear. All I could think was: this kids got courage. In business we have a word for itresilience, the ability to gain strengths and confidence from overcoming unpleasant events. However, opposite examples appeared in Sochi Olympics as well. For them, failure is someone elses fault, because they do not accept personal responsibility. Therefore, they have to pay a high price for this attitude. After years of studying failure, I have learned one thing: modesty and open-mindedness in the face of mistakes is the single best thing you can do to improve results. Everyone fails, but not everyone recovers from failure. The key is to learn from it rather than get beaten by it.The good news is that each of us has the potential to live a resilient life on and off the job. It may be difficult, but that just makes it all the more powerful and important. If you believe the above paragraph to be true, then youre probably more resilient than you think you are. It takes confidence to be resilient but that too much confidence is a killer is so true of leadership. For example, Ron Johnson, the ill-fated CEO of JC Penney, was so stubborn that he completely missed all sorts of signals from employees and customers and instead listened to all those who agreed with him, which failed his strategy. Bouncing back from failure requires that you recognize something has gone wrong, and you were the one who made it happen.The challenge of resilience is not just about our work. When parents help their kids deal with every challenging situation, they are doing an unhelpful action to their children. Parents want to protect their kids from failure, but doing so takes away the opportunity from them to practice not just a life skill but an essential work skill. When self-esteem becomes more important than results, we are accidently training young people to become less adaptable, not more.Resilience is not just about getting up off the floor, but also being ready for whatever comes next, even when you dont know what it is. Failures and setbacks are no longer unusual events, but regular features of a dynamic, competitive and highly demanding work environment. Getting up to finish your skate is no longer optional. 67. The example of Jeremy Abbott shows that one should _.A. recover from failure B. stick to his own viewpoint C. take others opinions to heart D. challenge difficulties bravely68. According to the author, what can best build up resilience?A. Being positive and powerful.B. Being competitive and helpful.C. Being modest and open-minded.D. Being confident and responsible.69. Which of the following examples shows us resilience?A. A teacher offers students timely help and care. B. A determined athlete practices skating hard every day.C. A confident leader persuades his staff to follow his plan. D. A student has got a low grade but continues to work hard. 70. Which might be the best title for the passage?A. An Example of Resilience: Ron Johnson B. Resilience: A Lesson from SochiC. Optional Challenges of Resilience D. Resilience in Family Education 63. B 64. A65. D66. C 67. A 68. C 69. D 70. B朝阳一模CLosing weight comes with a lot of health benefits-including making your brain sharperYes，it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions such as memory and attentionThere have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning，possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performanceLosing weight，therefore，may help improve these mental functions，according to a new research led by John Gunstad，assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits(缺陷)So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental functionFor their study，they measured memory and attention in a group of l 50 overweight participants，some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did notAll of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study，and again 12 weeks laterTo begin withabout 24of the patients showed damaged learning and 23showed signs of poor memory when testedAt the end of the study，those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functionsScores for the volunteers who didnt lose weight dropped even further The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental functionNow that hes seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention，he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way-eating healthier and getting more activeHe expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain“If we can improve the condition with operations，then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well，he says.63There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers Abelieve overweight only affects our bodyBhave focused on ways to sharpen peoples mindCdo not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive abilityDare clear about the relation between weight and mental functions64The result of Gunstads study shows that Alosing weight has little effect on peoples memoryBlosing weight can improve peoples mental functionsCoverweight people are likely to have psychology problemsDoverweight peoples abilities of concentration differ greatly65What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research?ASlim people are smarter than overweight peopleBHealthy diet is better than exercise in losing weightCTraditional ways of losing weight are better than operation DOverweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise66Which of the following is the best title for the text?ABody Weight and Health BLosing Weight by OperationCWays to Improve Mental Functions DLosing Weight to Sharpen Your MindDSeeing in Stereo Have you wondered why you have two eyes and why they are set close together on the front of your face?The reasons are simple and important to the way you see the rest of your world Your eyes are like two small camerasA camera catches an image(影像)of an object and records it on filmSimilarly，when you look at something，each eye takes in what it sees and sends this image to the back of the eyeballBecause your eyes are set close together，they view the world from about the same height but from slightly different anglesWorking as a team，the eyes send the images to your brain，which puts them together into a single，centered image Seeing in stereo means seeing with two eyes working together，which is called stereoscopic sightThis allows you to view the world in three dimensions，or 3-DSeeing depth helps you to judge the distance between you and the objeets you see and to adjust to the changing angle at which you see something as you move closer to or farther away from itIf images are coming from only one eye, however，only two of these dimensions-height and width-can be perceivedA world seen with one eye is thus two-dimensional，as in a photograph Now consider why your two eyes are on the front of your faceThink of other animals with this same arrangementThey are all animals that hunt，like lions and wolvesTheir eyes face directly in front of themThis provides a field of sight about 180 degrees wide，which is called binocular sightOn the other hand，animals that are hunted have eyes on the sides of the head，which Drovides nearly 360-degree field of sightIn order to stay alive，they need to see things coming from the sides and from behindHowever，without stereoscopic sight，they