全新版大学英语3unit1-unit3必背单词短语.doc

综合教程第三册 Unit 1Changes in the Way We Live1. get by: be good enough but not very good; manage to live or do things in a satisfactory way过得去，尚可It is a little bit difficult for the old couple to get by on such a small pension.2. just about: almost 几乎Its just about the worst mistake anyone could make.3. haul: vt. transport, as with a truck, cart, etc.（用卡车、马车等）搬运The rescue team hauled medical supplies and food to the flooded villages.救援队把药品和食物运到被淹的村庄。Rescue workers hauled passengers out of the crashed train.3. improvement：n. the act or an instance of improving or being improved.改进，改善The improvement in the job market in the past few years has been remarkable.4. supplement. n. sth. add to sth. in order to improve it (followed by with) 补充，增补Peter does occasional freelance work to supplement his income.医生建议在我们的饮食中增加维他命E和A.The doctor suggested supplementing my diet with vitamins E and A.5. indoor a. situated or used inside a building室内的Tobacco smoke is considered as an indoor pollutant.6. pursue: vt. Strive to gain or accomplish 努力去获得（或完成）；追求; 追逐；追踪People earn a living during the day and pursue vocational and intellectual interests in their spare time.The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner.7. wicked: evil or bad邪恶的，坏的We are all born good, but can be taught to be wicked.8. get through: come successfully to the end通过，度过She got through the entrance examination and was accepted by the college.9. at that point: at that very moment; right then就在那时The train was now only a couple of yards from the kids on the track. At that point, Anthony threw himself forward and pulled them clear.10. on balance: with all things considered总的来说I think, on balance, I prefer the new operating system. 我想，总的来说我更喜欢新的操作系统。11. illustrate: vt. provide with visual features; clarify by use of examples, etc. 加插图于；举例说明Let me use another example to illustrate this difficult point.12. digest:1) n. a short account of written materials or data文摘，摘要Readers Digest is a popular magazine in the US. 2) v: change sth. into a form that the body can use; think about sth. carefully and understand it消化；融会贯通Mary cant digest fat. 玛丽吃肥肉不消化。It often takes long time to digest new ideas. 吸收新思想往往需要很长时间。13. generate: vt. bring into existence; produce 形成，产生When coal burns, it generates heat. 煤燃烧时，产生热量。14. insurance: n. guarantee of compensation for loss, damage, sickness, death, etc. in return for regular payment保险；保险费Does your insurance cover damage by flooding?Our firm carries fire insurance. 15. minor: a. lesser or smaller in amount or importance, etc.较少的，较小的，次要的 They only encountered minor problems in their first space flight.16. premium: n. a sum of money paid regularly to an insurance company to protect sb. against some risk of loss or damage 保险费；奖金，奖品He is complaining that car insurance premiums have increased too much this year.他抱怨说，今年汽车保险费增加得太多。17. aside from: except for; in addition to (more usual in American English; same as apart from) 除了；除以外（尚有）This composition is good aside from a couple of spelling mistakes.Everything was quiet, aside from the occasional sound of a car horn in the distance.万籁俱寂，只有从远处偶尔传来汽车喇叭声。18. cut back: reduce in size or amount减少，消减We oppose any plans to cut back (on) education budget.我们反对任何削减教育预算的计划。19. dine out: eat a meal away from home (usu. in a restaurant)外出吃饭Im going to dine out with Peter tonight.20. combine v. (cause to) come together, unite or join together (使)结合，（使）联合 Diets are most effective when combined with exercise.21. suspect:相信，怀疑1) believe to be true, likely or probable, suspect that I strongly suspect that theyre trying to get rid of me.2) believe to be guilty, suspect sb./sth. of sth.The police suspect him of murder.22. budget: n. a plan of how to arrange private or public income or spending预算At last, the governments efforts to balance the budget ended in failure.最后，政府平衡预算的努力以失败告终。23. involve：使参加；使陷入；包含，牵涉1) cause to take part in (involve sb. in sth./doing sth.)使参加；使陷入Try to involve as many children as possible in the game.2) include by necessity 包含，牵涉What exactly does the job involve?24. scale: n. a relative level or degree (usu. used in the phrase on a scale)规模We tested our new teaching methods on a small scale. Indeed only six classes were involved in it.25. resist vt: keep from giving in to or enjoying 抵制（resist sth.; resist doing sth.） We couldnt resist laughing at him in those funny clothes.Keep me away from the duty-free shop. You know I cant resist expensive perfumes.26.temptation: n. the feeling of being tempted to do sth. wrong or harmful; the thing you want to have诱惑（物）The kids cant resist the temptation of McDonalds.He couldnt resist the temptation to steal the jewel.27.device: n. a piece of equipment designed to serve a special purpose设备，装置She invented a device that automatically closes windows when it rains.她发明了一种能在下雨时自动关闭窗户的装置。 28. profit: n. 1. money gained by business 得益，收益，利润He makes a big profit from selling waste material to textile companies.2. advantage gained from some action获利，得益；有益于I have read this book with profit.29. invest: v. use money to make a profit out of something that will increase in value 投资My parents intend to invest in stocks and bonds.30. economic a: relating to trade, industry, and the management of money 经济学的；经济（方面）的In recent years economic growth in this region has been pretty slow. Economical: using money, time, goods etc carefully and without wasting any. 经济的，节约的 A small car is more economical to run. 开小型汽车比较省油。Unit 2 CivilRights Heroes1.ender: adj.1）(of people) slim; not very wide but comparatively long or high苗条的，细长的Film actress Zhang Ziyi is a slender woman. 电影演员章子怡身材苗条。2）(of things) slight; inadequate - a slender income 2. confident: a feeling or showing trust in oneself or ones ability有信心的；确信的be confident about/of/that clauseMichael was confident that he would be enrolled by Harvard University.The soccer team is quite confident of/about being able to win this important game.3. ironically：ad. It seems ironic (that)具有讽刺意味的是Ironically the widespread use of antibiotics seems to be causing a lot of unexpected health problems.4. symbol: n 象征，标志，符号the symbol of The Great Wall is the symbol of China.5. racial adj. relating to a persons race, or to different races of people种族的 He was a victim of racial discrimination. 他是种族歧视的牺牲者。6. stand up for: speak, work, etc. in favor of sb./sth.; support sb./sth支持All my friends will stand up for me. 我所有的朋友都会支持我。stand up to: to oppose fearlessly; to bear, to lastA soldier must stand up to the danger. 士兵必须敢于面对危险。7. historic: adj. famous or important in history有历史意义的a historic meeting between the two leaders两位领导人的具有历史意义的会见historical: relating to the past与历史有关的，真实的而不是传说中的。He gave all his historical papers to the library. 他把他所有的历史资料都赠送给这个图书馆。8. site: n. place where a building, town, etc. was, is, or will be situated地方，位置；遗址The site for the new factory has not been decided.9. mission: n. particular task or duty undertaken by an individual or a group 特殊使命，任务The delegation completed its mission successfully. 代表团成功地完成了使命。10. forge: v create by means of much hard work （靠艰苦工作）建立They forged links with the French Communist Party.他们和法国共产党建立了联系。11. web: n. network of fine threads spun by a spider or some other spinning creature; complex series or network网状网，网状组织a web of railroads/ telephone wires12. authorize: vt. give approval or permission for (sth.); give authority to批准；委托The director authorized us to work in the laboratory.主任允许我们在实验室工作。13. be intent on doing sth.: be eager and determined to do sth.热衷于，坚决要做He is intent on going to France to continue his studies. 他决心去法国继续深造。14. peer: vi. look closely or carefully, esp. as if unable to see well (peer at/through/into, etc.) 仔细看，费力地看，凝视She peered at him closely, as if not believing it could really be him.15. on the side: as an additional job or source of income; secretly 作为兼职；秘密地He is a teacher, but he makes a little money on the side by repairing cars in his free time.Hes married but he has a girlfriend on the side.他虽有妻室，但暗地里还有一个女朋友。16. capture: 抓捕，捕获n. the act of taking by force or of being taken by forceHe was released yesterday, six months after his capture by the terrorists.v. take (a person or animal) as a prisonerShe was captured trying to escape from the country.17. spot: vt catch sight of; recognize; discover看出；辨认；发现It can be hard for even a trained doctor to spot the symptoms of lung cancer.18. close in (on/around): come near to, esp. in order to attack from several directions; surround接近；包围The people were trapped when the enemy army began to close in on them.19. religious: adj. of religion 宗教上的，宗教的The new government wants to increase the amount of religious education in schools.20. conviction: n. firm opinion or belief 坚定的看法或信仰She expressed her firm conviction that television was harmful to children.21. bid: (bade or bid; bidden or bid )vt. Order; tell 吩咐，告诉bid sb. (to) do sth.The queen bade us enter22. shelter: provide a place where sb. or sth. is protected, especially from the weather or from danger给提供庇护处；保护n:遮蔽，庇护；遮蔽物，庇护物We were caught in a thunderstorm, without anywhere to shelter.They were standing under the shelter of a huge tree.23.terminal: n end of a railway line, bus route,etc; a piece of equipment, usu. consisting of a computer system.（铁路、公共汽车等的）终点；（计算机系统的）终端机Most large airports have shops, restaurants, and banks in the terminal building, plus special lounges for departing passengers.All staff have terminals attached to the companys main computer.24. threat: n a suggestion that sth. unpleasant or violent will happen, especially if a particular action or order is not followed.恐吓，威胁Pollution is a major threat to the environment.25. impose 把强加于1). place (a penalty, tax, etc.) officially on sb./sth.New duties were imposed on wines and spirits.2). try to make sb. accept (an opinion or a belief)She imposed her ideas on the group.26. as for: with regard to 至于Some people have complained, but as for me Im perfectly satisfied with the working conditions here.27. disguise: vt. give sb./sth. a false appearance 假扮，伪装disguise sb./sth. as He disguised himself as a woman.28. abolish: vt. end the existence of (a law, custom, system, etc.) 废除（法律，习俗等）The death penalty is to be abolished before the end of this year.29.make the best of 尽量利用，充分利用The living conditions in the village were very poor, but we had to make the best of it. 30. compel: vt. make (sb.) do sth.; force强迫，强求compel sb. to do sth.The heavy rain compelled us to stay indoors. 大雨迫使我们呆在屋内。31. at risk: threatened by the possibility of loss, failure, etc.; in danger有危险；冒风险The disease is spreading, and all children under five are at risk.32.in the eyes of: in the opinion of 在（某人）看来In the eyes of his students, Richard is a sensible and reliable teacher.33. pass for: appear like; be accepted or looked upon as (same as pass as) 被当作，被看作He speaks American English well enough to pass for an American.Unit 3 SecurityText A The Land of the Lock1.on the latch: (of a door) closed but not locked Let yourself in; the door is on the latch.Dont forget to leave the front door on the latch if you go to bed before I come back.2. universal: a. of, affecting or done by all people or things in the world. Food is a subject of almost universal interest.3. close up: shut (sth.) esp. temporarily On New Years Eve all the stores were closed up in my hometown. 新年夜家乡所有商店都歇业了。4. vulnerable: a. exposed to danger or attack; unprotected (followed by to)易受攻击的；无防御的People with high blood pressure are especially vulnerable to diabetes. 有高血压的人尤其易患糖尿病。It can be very hard to think rationally when youre feeling so vulnerable and alone. 人在脆弱和孤独的时候很难理智地思考。5. urban: a. of, situated in or living in a city or town. (opposite to rural) Motor vehicle emissions, to a large extent, are responsible for urban air pollution.6. statistics: n. collection of information expressed in numbers. 统计；统计资料 Statistics show that women live longer than men.7. dramatic: a. suitable to or characteristic of drama 戏剧性的；显著的 Its just as dramatic as a film, only its real. 这就像电影一样充满戏剧性，不过这是真实发生的。This policy has led to a dramatic increase in our prison populations. 这项政策已经让我们监狱的囚犯人数激增。8. allege: vt. state (sth.) as a fact but without proof 宣称，声称 allege+ that clause/ allege+ sth.The newspaper reporters allege that the man was murdered but they have given no proof. 新闻记者们宣称这个男人是被谋杀的,但他们没提出证据.Students occasionally allege illness as the reason for absence. 学生时不时会称病缺课.9. tranquil: a. calm, quiet and undisturbed. The boy disturbed the tranquil surface of the pond with a stick. 那男孩用棍子打破了平静的池面.The tranquil beauty of the village scenery is unique. 这乡村景色的宁静是绝无仅有的.10. era: n. a period of history or a long period of time. We are living in the computer era.11. electronic: a. of or relating to electronics or devices and systems developed through electronics 电子的 electronic banking/music/book/mail/card Use of the Internet is replacing other forms of electronic communication.12. hook up to: connect or attach (sth.) to (sth. else) with or as if with a hook 连接到 My computer is hooked up to the Internet, so I can communicate with my students at home via email.The alarm systems in the banks are hooked up to the local police station.13. build in/into: make (sth.) as part of the structure The cupboards in the kitchen are all built in. We are having shelves built into the wall over the bed.14. paste: stick (sth.) with glue The protestants had pasted slogans all over the walls. 抗议者已经在墙上贴满了标语。 The young man pasted several pictures of his favorite singer on the wall.15. premise: n. 前提；(pl) （包括附属建筑、土地等在内的）房屋或其他建筑物; According to the rules, no alcohol can be consumed on the premises. 按照规定, 场内不准饮酒.16. feature: vt. give a prominent part to (sb./sth.) 突出 They had a traditional Thanksgiving dinner featuring roast turkey. The exhibition features paintings by contemporary artists.17. atmosphere: n. the kind of feeling or quality that a place or situation seems to have; the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth.气氛；大气。 We are trying to create an atmosphere of trust between management and staff. 我们正努力在管理层与员工之间创造信任的氛围. A planets atmosphere is the layer of air or other gases around it. 一座星球的大气层是由围绕它的空气或其它气体构成的。18. transformation: the act of changing in form or shape or appearance; In the last five years hes undergone a personal transformation. 过去5年里他整个人发生了全新的转变。transformation from toHe was struggling to make the transformation from single man to responsible husband. 他正在努力使自己由单身汉变为可靠的丈夫.19. barrier: n. thing that prevents progress or movement. The driver slowed down as he approached the police barrier. 由于靠近了警察封锁线，司机放慢了速度。20. put up: build or erect He put up a new fence around his house.21. barricade: n. a barrier set up by police to stop traffic on a street or road in order to catch a fugitive or inspect traffic etc.;路障vt. prevent access to by barricading; 设置路障 It is difficult to break through a steel barricade. 冲破钢铁障碍很难.The rioters barricaded streets with piles of blazing tyres. 暴徒用一堆堆燃烧的轮胎在大街上筑起了路障。22. medium: a. in the middle between two amounts, extremes, etc.; average. -What size shirt do you want, small, medium, or large? -Medium please.23. wander: vi. Move about without a fixed purpose (followed by about/around/through, etc.) When he got bored, he wandered around the campus. We wandered through the old part of the town, totally lost. Tom was seemingly wandering about aimlessly.24. threaten: vt. be likely to harm or destroy (sth.) (usu. Used in the patterns threaten to do sth.; threaten sb. with sth.) They threatened to kill him unless he did as he was told to. Robert was threatened with jail if he published the story. threat n.25. sophisticated: a. developed to a high degree of complexity; having or showing much worldly experience.复杂、精密的；世故、老练的。 Eye operations often involve the use of highly sophisticated equipment, such as lasers. 眼部手术往往涉及使用高度精密的仪器，比如激光器。 Everyone at the party was sophisticated and well-educated.26. with not/without so much as: with not even without not/without so much as + n./gerund Without so much as a word of thanks, Ben turned and went back into the office. Ben连个“谢”字也没说就转身回了办公室。 They left without so much as saying goodbye. 他们连句“再见”都没说就走了。27. sideways: ad./