冲刺2015高考英语之专题——情景对话.doc

2015年全力冲刺高考英语试卷专题十五 情景交际【典例精析】1.（09山东）-John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.-Oh, _!A. cheer up B. well done C. go ahead D. congratulations【解析】D 交际用语中单词（短语）的区别，根据题意可知：这儿应用一个表示祝贺的词（短语）。故选D。2.（09山东）-Poor Steve! I could hardly recognize him just now!-_, He has changed so much.A. Never mind B. No problem C. Not at all D. Me neither【解析】D 交际用语，Me neither,在这儿相当于Neither could me.我也没认出来。3.（09陕西）My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Go with me and have a taste, okay?-_. And Ill be glad to meet your parents.A. I think so B. Id love to C. Im sure D. I hope so【解析】B 情景对话。前文问句表示提出建议，根据应答句的后一分句可知应答句选B，意思是：我乐意。4.（2008年全国卷I，22） What fruit is in season now?Grapes and peaches， _.A. I know B. I thinkC. I see D. I feel【解析】B正上市的水果，我认为，是葡萄和桃。 5.（2008年安徽卷，34）Good evening. Huangshan Hotel. Good evening. _?A. Do you still have a room for tonight B. What would you like， pleaseC. Is there anything I can do for you D. Who is that speaking， please6.（2008年四川卷，5） Lets go for a walk in the garden. _， but I need to do the washingup. A. No,thank you B. Thats right C. Good idea D. Not at all【解析】C用来回答提建议的习语。7.（09福建）Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting.- _.A. I practice every day B. Thank you very muchC. No, I dont think so D. Well, its not good enough【解析】B 考查交际用语。前一句表示赞扬，应答句应表示感谢，故选B。8.（09江西）-Thank you for your MP4 player. Ill get Mary to take it to you soon.-_. Ive bought a new one.A. No sense B. No hurry C. No way D. No use【解析】B 考查交际用语。由“我已经买了一个”，便知是NO hurry, 不着急。9.（09四川）May I open the window to let in some fresh air?_A. Come on B. Take care C. Go ahead! D. Hold on!【解析】C 根据语境可以知道：去开吧，去做吧。所以答案为：C。容易误选A。come on 的意思是“算了吧！加油！”10.（09海南）It looks heavy. Can I give you a hand? _.A. No, thanks B. Yes, my pleasure C. No, never mind D. Yes, I do【解析】A。 情景交际。从对话上文可知是回答对方的请求帮助。No, thanks 与上文呼应。11.（09陕西）Have you finished your first paper? -_ . Just half of it. How about you?A. Not at all B. Not likely C. Not a bit D. Not yet【解析】D 交际用语。Not at all：一点也不，根本不；not likely：不可能；not a bit：非常，很，极其；not yet：还没有。根据应答句中的just half of it可知此处D。12.（09四川）Would you please help me with the box?_A. Yes, please B. No, please dont C. With pleasure D. My pleasure【解析】C 情景交际，在英语中对于别人提出的帮助请求，通常用with pleasure（非常乐意）回答，my pleasure用来表示你帮对方做了某事后，别人向你表示感谢的用语，意思是“这是我乐意做的”。13.（09山东）-shall we have our picnic tomorrow?-_it doesnt rain.A. Until B. While C. Once D. If【解析】D 交际用语，意思是：如果明天不下雨的话。【专题突破】情景交际单选题属“语言功能”考核项目，能较全面考查学生交际能力的正确性和适宜性，并测试考生对英语国家的社会文化背景的了解。在解答该类题目时，学生由于缺乏深层次交际能力和必要的解题技巧，容易步入一些误区，因此考生在解题时要注意一些几点：1注意中西文化及思维方式的差异；2.注重礼貌和合作优先原则；3. 利用有效的语境因素；4.注意语言的衔接；5. 注意言语含义；6.防止上词下用，上词下用指的是答句部分延用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的“虚像”，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项；7.防止中文思维，与上词下用比较，这一误区更具迷惑力，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都非常符合中国学生的习惯。显然，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。学生解题失误之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的“负迁移”，这主要是指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，回答过于直接，不够委婉，尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的，但不符合英语国家的交际习惯。8.防止直接回绝，这主要是指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，回答过于直接，不够委婉，尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的，但不符合英语国家的交际习惯；9.防止答非所问，应该说答非所问的错误比较容易察觉，如果问话与答话的内容风马牛不相及的话，学生可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联，但仔细推敲发现其实答语并不切题。最典型的例子是With pleasure和Its a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答 ，表示“非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不用客气”。1.Its getting late. Im afraid I must be going now. OK. _ A. Take it easy. B. Go slowly. C. Stay longer. D. See you. 2. Oh dear! Ive just broken a window. _. It cant be helped. A. Never mind B. All right C. Thats fine D. Not at all 3. Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? Thank you. _. A. It couldnt be better B. Of course you can C. If you like D. Its up to you4. Do you think I could borrow your bicycle? _ A. How come? B. Take your time. C. Yes， go on. D. Yes， help yourself. 5. Can I speak to Mr. Wang， please? _ A. Who are you? B. Im Wang. C. Speaking. D. Are you John?6. Im thinking of the test tomorrow. Im afraid I cant pass this time. _! Im sure youll make it. A. Go ahead B. Good luck C. No problem D. Cheer up7.Excuse me， can you tell me where the nearest bank is， please?_ Oh yes! Its past the office， next to a big market. A. Mm， let me think. B. Oh， I beg your pardon?C. Youre welcome. D. What do you mean?8. Would you like some more soup? _. It is delicious， but Ive had enough.A. Yes， please B. No， thank you C. Nothing more D. Id like some9.We have booked a room for today and tomorrow._， sir.A. Im sure B. My pleasure C. Its all right D. Ill check10.Have you been wasting time on computer games again? _ . Ive been studying a lot and I need a break. ANo way BNot really CI dont agree DI couldnt agree more11.I apologize for not being able to join you for dinner._. Well get together later. A. Go ahead B. Not to worry C. Thats right D. Dont mention it参考答案和解析：1.【解析】D客人道别，主人同意，然后道别. 2.【解析】A此处表示安慰，句子意思是：不要紧（Never mind），已经没法了。注意Never mind表示两个意思： 1） Dont worry. 2） It doesnt matter. 3.【解析】A It couldnt be better意为：太好了！表示很高兴接受别人的帮忙；而其他选项显得有些不礼貌：If you like（要是你愿意的话）；Its up to you（由你自己决定）。4.【解析】D问句为：我能够借用你的自行车吗？ 答语表示同意：好的，请随便吧（Yes， help yourself.）。 另外表示同意的用语还有Certainly / Exactly / Sure / Of course. / I agree. / No problem. / Thats exactly what I was thinking.等。5.【解析】C Speaking是This is Mr. Wang speaking的缩写形式，意思是：请讲，我就是你要找的Mr. Wang。6.【解析】D一方担心不能通过考试，另一方去安慰。答语意为：振作起来，我肯定你能通过。7.【解析】A本题考查问路情景中的口语交际用语。此题题干中的信息词是Oh yes! 表明说话者有一个思考的过程。意思是“哦，让我想想。”8.【解析】B此处对别人的邀请表示拒绝，由but Ive had enough可以知道不要了，并要说谢谢。表示拒绝的答语还有：Id love to， but Im sorry I cant.等。9.【解析】D本话题应为在旅馆预订了房间，服务人员应说“我给你查查” 。10.【解析】B通过回答，可知此人一直在学习，并没有一直在玩电脑。11.【解析】B本话题考察道歉的答语，应为“不要在烦心”我们还会相聚的。【学法导航】许多情景会话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见交流话题均有其较为固定的套语。感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。对于这类题目，考生在复习备考过程中要熟练运用这些用法，紧紧遵循他们的习惯进行解答；当然汉语和英语在文化方面有许多共同之处，但也存在着诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。我们要力求用英语思维，避免母语交流定势的干扰，要根据英语的文化交流习惯来应答。情景交际可以说是单项填空的压轴戏，实属最高级的活性语言。对情景交际的考查，近几年来主要集中考查了请求许可答语安慰与鼓励指责答语道谢道歉答语等；形式多为对话，多数考查对话乙方的反应和态度，没有依据乙方推断甲方内容的题型。部分试题的情景隐含性很强，对交际的目的性灵活性准确性提出了较高的要求。考生在巩固提高性练习中，必须积累语言知识，熟悉英美文化，培养正确的思维和表达习惯，快速捕捉关键信息，感悟言语态度，确定正确反映，体现语言交际性的文化特征。对情景交际的考查是英语高考中的一种趋势，是考纲的要求，是学习语言的要求，这样考查能真正地体现语言的功能性。它的目的主要在于考查考生对英语知识的理解及应用，从而检测出考生的英语驾驭能力。这类题内容丰富，范围广，并无一定的模式。每一个人对于交际中所出现的情形都无法预料，因此，考生在复习中应从以下几方面着手：1熟悉句型结构，增强理解能力；2进行广泛阅读，积累各种情景中交际应酬的用语从而提高交际能力；3熟悉中、英两种文化差异，掌握两个不同民族的交际习惯方式：4多看英文电视、电影，多跟外国人交谈，从而提高英语实际运用能力。虽然这类题没有固定规律可寻，但只要交际能力提高了，解答这类题目就非常容易了。近几年来的考试结果，也说明了这一点。因此同学们不必担心害怕。只要我们在平时的学习中注意这些问题，考试是不难的。总之，日常交际用语的语境与语言的应用不是静止的、机械的，所谓的“真实英语”也就是指来源于生活实际的应用语言，因此，语言知识和应用能力也必定在实践中得到提高。概括地讲，就是特定的语境，而具体地讲，则包括：1特定的时间、地点和物化环境；2特定的目的和动机；3特定的参与人；4特定的生活角色扮演；5特定的行动过程；6特定的内心过程；7特定的信息处理过程；8特定的结果只有在特定的语境中语言才显示出它真正的意义。交际用语就是在上述特定语境中的语言应用。只有不断积累语言知识，才能达到语言运用能力的提高。【专题综合】1.He looks very hot and dry. So_if you had a temperature of 40.A. would you B. will you C. would have you been D. do you2. Do you still remember when we went to Chongqing? I cant remember now but _ sometime last summer?A. could it be B. might it be C. could it have been D. might it have been3.Since you like the fur coat so much， why not buy it?Well， I cant afford_ coat. A. that expensive a B. that an expensive C. so expensive D. such expensive4. Ring me at six tomorrow morning， will you? Why that early? I _ . A. will be sleeping B. have slept C. have been sleeping D. will sleep 5.Do you mi nd if I open the window? _ . I feel a bit cold. A. Of course not B. Id rather you didnt C. Go ahead D. Please close it7.May I try the jacket on? _ ， but I think it will be too small for you.A. As you like B. By all meansC. As a resultD. Believe it or not8.Why are the housing prices in big cities going up all the time? One reason is that people are_ into overcrowded cities in great numbers.A. breaking B. filling C. pouring D. hurrying9.How can I succeed soon? Oh， be patient. Put your heart into your studies and you will _.A. make it B. get it C. take it D. turn it out10. Alice looks sad. Did you tell her about the accident? Yes， but I _ her just before her final exams.Ashouldnt tell Bshouldnt have toldCneednt tell Dmustnt have told11.Lets go and have a good drink tonight一 _ Have you got the first prize in the competition？AWhat for? BThanks a lot CYes Id like to DWhy not？12.Why didnt you attend the party in the hall the other day? I just wanted some quiet time by myselfAheld Bbeing held Cto be held Dholding13.It was too cold yesterday morning， and I couldnt get my car _.Why didnt you try_ the battery with some hot water? Astarted; filling Bto run; fillingCgoing; fill Dstarting; filling14.Its cloudy outside. Please take an umbrella. _. AYes， take it easy BWell， it just dependsCOK， just in case DAll right， youre welcome15.Are you sure you really want it? _，I am willing to pay _price you askANo；no matter what BYes；no matter whatCNo；whatever DYes；whatever16. Do remember to take this medicine three times a day with warm boiled water. _. A. Heard it B. Made it C. Got it D. Taken it17.That was a green dinner. _ Thanks. But it really only took an hour. A. I have never had it before. B. I enjo