初二下英语笔记总结~.doc

UNIT 6笔记1、 pair n. 一双、一对 （1）a pair of作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，two pairs of作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。eg.A pair of glasses is on the desk.Two pairs of glasses is on the desk. a pair of表示“一对、一双、一副”等“两个”含义的概念，后面一般接名词的复数形式 eg.a pair of shoes a pair of还表示由两部分构成的一件物品，意为“一条、一把、一副” eg.a pair of trousers 一条裤子 （2）in pair/in pairs 成对的、成双的eg.The students are practising the conversation in pair.2、 each student raises ten yuan for charity. raise v.“筹集、募集” raisefor“为筹集”eg.Everyone should raise money for charity. “举起、抬起”eg.You can raise your hand. “种植、饲养、供养”eg.The farmer raises cows and corn.3、 several adj.&pron. 几个的、几个 （1）形容词，“几个的、数个的”，相当于some或feweg.I have several pets. （2）代词，“几个”，常作主语或宾语，可与of连用eg.Several of us like dancing.4、 Three and a half years. 三年半。 （1）half,复数形式halves two halves 两半 a half 一半 （2）半小时 half an hour （3）数词+and+a half+复数名词=数词+复数名词+and+a halfeg.两天半 two and a half days=two days and a half. one+and+a half+复数名词=one+单数名词+and+a halfeg.1公斤半 one and a half kilos=one kilo and a half5、 collect v.收集、搜集 collect v.指有目的的收集一些物品，如集邮、收集钱币等 collection n.收藏 collector n.收藏者eg.Mary is interested in coins collections. The boy likes collecting stamps in his spare time. His father is a kite collector.6、 My mom says I have to stop,because weve ran out of room to store them. （1）run out of“用完”，接宾语（主语为人）eg.We ran out of all the water. run out“用完、耗尽”，不接宾语，主语喂时间、金钱、食物等名词 eg.Our money ran out. （2）room意为“空间、余地”时为不可数名词，意为“房间”则可数 eg.There isnt enough room for me to stand on the bus. （3）store“储存、储藏”（动词）、“商店”（名词）eg.They stored all the apples from the tree.7、 The first one I ever got was a birthday cake snow globe on my seventh birthday. （1）该句中I ever got为定语从句，修饰the first one,两个词组合成主语 （2）“在某人岁生日时” on ones+序数词+birthdayeg.I got my first bike on my ninth birthday.8、 If you know anyone else who collects them,please tell me. （1）该句为if引导的条件状语从句，who collects them为定语从句，修饰anyone。 （2）else做形容词“别的、其他的”，用于不定代词anybody、someone、somebody、everything、nothing等及疑问词who、what、where之后eg.I had nothing to do.9、 by the way 顺便问一下 （1）该句为插入语，常用于交谈中引出题外的话题或问题eg.By the way,do you like collecting coins? （2）way on ones/the way（to）“在某人去路上” in this/that way “用这（那）种方式” in ones way “挡了某人的路”eg.I met my old friend on the way to my office.10、 What is the most common hobby? （1）common “普通的”eg.He is not an officer, but a common solder. “常见的”eg.You sons trouble is very common these days. “共同的、一般的”eg.He and I have a common interest.We both collect coins. （2）in common“共同、共有”eg.They found that they had a lot in common.11、 apply for申请apply+for “申请、请求”eg.He applied to the headmaster for the job. +to “把应用于”eg.apply a theory to practice（把理论应用于实践）12、 I am interested in the job as a writer. （1）be interested in“对感兴趣”+名词、代词、动名词=show/take have（an）interest in interest n.“兴趣、爱好” interested adj.“有兴趣的”（人做主语） interesting adj.“有趣的”（指物） （2）as+职业 “当”，“作为”13、 In fact,the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago and were welcomed by the Song Emperor. （1）in fact固定词组，“实际上” （2）more than？“多于、超过”，相当于over （3）thousand“千”，其前有2以上的数词修饰时，其后不能加-s；若要表概数时，一定要用复数形式，后面还要加上ofeg.About two thousand students came to Shanghai last year. Thousands of students watched the football match. （4）were welcomed by “受到的欢迎”，为一般过去时的被动语态。14、 For a foreigner like me, the more I learn about Chinese history,the more I enjoy living in China.the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越越”eg.The more we get together,the happier well be.若表示“越来越”，常用“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+形容、副词原级”eg.The population（人口）of the world is bigger and bigger,though people have tired their best to solve（解决）this problem. Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.若表示“越，越不”，常用“the more，the less”eg.The more she flatters（讨好）me,the less I like her.若表示“越不，越”，常用“the less，the more”eg.The less he worried ,the better he worked.15、 certain adj.确实的、无疑的 （1）be certain to do sth.“肯定要做某事” be certain of/about sth.“肯定、确信” be certain of doing sth.“有把握做某事” be certain+that+从句“一定”eg.His grandfather is certain to live to ninety. We are certain of victory. （2）sure是主观上对某人或某物很相信、确定、主语只能是人eg.Im sure that she will come.我相信她会来。 certain有确定的依据事实，语气比sure强，主语可是人或物eg.It is certain that she will come.他肯定会来。16、 If she works far away,she will miss her family. （1）miss v.“想念，思念”eg.I miss my mother very much. “错过”eg.I missed the early bus. （2）far away“遥远的”（副词短语） faraway“远方的”（形容词）eg.We come from a faraway village.We dont like living far away.17、 现在完成进行时 （1）表示从过去某时开始一直延续到说话时还在进行，或可能还有继续下去的动作。它通常和“for+时间段”或“since+时间点（也可以是从句）”等时间状语或时间状语从句连用。eg.I have been working here since 2003,I have been working here for 8 years. （2）have/has+been+动词的现在分词 肯定句：主语+have/has+been+动词的现在分词+其他eg.He has been collecting shells since he was seven. 否定句：主语+have/has+not+been+动词的现在分词+其他eg.I havent been teaching here these years. 否定句：have/has+主语+been+动词的现在分词+其他eg.Has he been skating for two hours? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？eg.Where have you been working these years?18、 现在完成进行时与一般过去式的区别时间状语不同：与一般过去式连用的时间状语往往只指过去某个具体的时间或特定的时间（如just now,then,yeste