2019_2020学年高中英语单元综合检测（三）（含解析）牛津译林版选修10.docx

单元综合检测(三).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AFood serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways.Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.Food can also have a specific meaning，and play a significant role in a family or cultures celebrations or traditions.The foods we eatand when and how we eat themare often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural(农村的)and urban areas within one country.Sharing bread，whether during a special occasion(时刻)or at the family dinner table，is a common symbol of togetherness.Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests.Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread，so this tradition has its roots in the custom of sharing bread.Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations.In the southern United States，pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity(兴旺)in the New Year.In Greece，people share a special cake called vasilopita.A coin is put into the cake，which signifies(预示)success in the New Year for the person who receives it.Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child，and food can play a significant role.In China，when a baby is one month old，families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving redcolored eggs to guests.In many cultures，round foods such as grapes，bread，and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.Nutrition is necessary for life，so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了食物在交际方面起着重要的作用，共享食物可增强人们彼此间的团结与信任，某些特殊食物也是节日的象征。1According to the passage，sharing bread Aindicates a lack of foodBcan help to develop unityCis a custom unique to rural areasDhas its roots in birthday celebrations【解析】细节理解题。由第一段第二句Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.可知，共享食物可增强人们彼此间的团结与信任。故B项正确。A项在文章中没有提到；C项(是农村地区特有的习俗)与第一段末句The foods.are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural and urban areas.表述不一致，故排除；D项(起源于生日庆祝)与第二段中的.so this tradition has its roots in the custom of sharing bread.相矛盾，可排除。【答案】B2What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?ATrust.BSuccess.CHealth. DTogetherness.【解析】细节理解题。由第三段的A coin is put into the cake，which signifies success in the New Year for the person who receives it.可知，硬币代表着成功。故选B。其他选项都不是vasilopita所代表的。【答案】B3The author explains the role of food in celebrations by Ausing examplesBmaking comparisonsCanalyzing causesDdescribing processes【解析】推理判断题。在解释食物在庆祝活动中的作用时，作者通过举例介绍了在美国和希腊某些食品代表的意义，故A项正确。作者没有进行对比、分析原因或者描述过程，因此可以排除其他选项。【答案】A4What is the passage mainly about?AThe custom of sharing food.BThe specific meaning of food.CThe role of food in ceremonies.DThe importance of food in culture.【解析】主旨大意题。全文讲述了分享食物可增强人与人之间的团结与信任及食物在交际方面和节日中的重大意义，故选D。其他选项只是文章的细节，不是主旨。【答案】DBI am a good mother to three children.I have tried never to let my passion stand in the way of being a good parent. I no longer consider myself the center of the universe.I show up.I listen.I try to laugh.I am a good friend to my husband.I have tried to make marriage vows (誓言) mean what they say.I am a good friend to my friends, and they to me.Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today.So heres what I want to tell you today: Get a life. A real life, not a desire of the next promotion, the bigger paycheck, the larger house. Get a life in which you are not alone. Find people you love, and who love you. And remember that love is not leisure；it is work. Pick up the phone.Send an email. Write a letter. And realize that life is the best thing and that you have no business taking it for granted.Its so easy to waste our lives, our days, our hours, and our minutes.Its so easy to exist instead of to liveI learnt to live many years ago.Something really, really bad happened to me, something that changed my life in ways that, if I had my choice, it would never have been changed at all. And what I learned from it is what, today, seems to be the hardest lesson of all.I learned to love the journey, not the destination. I learned to look at all the good in the world and try to give some of it back because I believed in it, completely and totally. And I tried to do that, in part, by telling others what I had learned.By telling them this: Read in the backyard with the sun on your face.Learn to be happy. And think of life as a deadly illness, because if you do, you will live it with joy and passion as it ought to be lived. 【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了什么是真正的生活。真正的生活就是按照自己的内心去生活，不受到任何东西的影响，爱自己该爱的人，过自己想过的生活。5It can be inferred from the passage that Athe author didnt try her best to work wellBthe author is a success in personal lifeCthe author spent all her time caring for her childrenDthe author likes traveling very much【解析】推理判断题。从全文中可看出，作者生活得很成功。【答案】B6How did the author form her view of life?AThrough social experience. CFrom her children and husband. BBy learning from her friends. DThrough an unfortunate experience. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段第四句Something really, really bad happened to me, something that changed my life in ways that可知多年前发生的不幸的事改变了作者对待生活的态度。【答案】D7By the underlined sentence“Its so easy to exist instead of to live” in the fifth paragraph, the author really means that people tend to Awork rather than enjoy lifeBmake a living rather than live a real lifeCwaste a lot in lifeDforget the most important lessons in life【解析】句意理解题。结合第五段前两句可知，人们很容易虚度时光，生存比生活更容易。也就是说：活着比过真正的生活容易。【答案】B8Whats the authors attitude toward work?ADo it well to serve others. BEarn enough money to make life better. CDont let it affect your real life. DTry your best to get a higher position and a pay raise. 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段内容So heres what I want to tell you today: Get a life. A real life, not a desire of the next promotion, the bigger paycheck, the larger house. 可推测出作者的工作态度是：不要渴望升职，不要渴望涨工资、支票和大房子，而要过真正的生活。不要让工作影响我们的生活。【答案】CCPilling a cat can be a “terrible” experience. Cats dont want something pushed down their throats, and theyll fight with all their strength to prevent it. In fact, its amazing how powerful their small bodies can be.The easiest way of pilling a cat is to press the pill into powder. Then mix the powder with a small amount of wet food. If your cat usually eats dry food, she will probably view the wet food as a treat and eat it up.If your cat wont eat the wet food that contains the pill or if she is too ill to eat, you can get a “pill gun”. There are some basic instructions. Getting your cats mouth to open is going to be the most difficult part. First, be sure the pill is in a handy place. Then you can put your cat on a bookshelf with her bottom in a corner or you can put her on your lap firmly tied. Have your cat facing to the right if youre righthanded. With your left hand, hold your cat at the cheekbones, putting your palm at the top of her head. Keeping your finger off the trigger (扳机), with your right hand, insert the pill gun until the pill is positioned over the tongue and open throat. Be sure to give your cat a treat directly after giving the pill.If you dont feel comfortable using a pill gun, you can try giving the pill by hand. Push your cats head backwards just far enough so that her nose is pointing towards the ceiling. At this point, most cats will slightly open their mouths. With the little finger or ring finger of the hand holding the pill, open the bottom jaw a little more. You may need to hold her top jaw with your other hand while doing this. Aim straight and lightly throw the pill or drop it. Most cats will then swallow the pill.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了给猫喂药丸的几种方法。9Pilling a cat can be a terrible experience because cats Aare amazingly powerful and dangerousBmay fight with all their strength against pillsCrefuse something pressed down their throatsDare difficult to treat once theyve got ill【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Cats dont want something pushed down their throats, and theyll fight with all their strength to prevent it.可知猫一般不会压低喉咙，这样会很难喂药丸。【答案】C10What can be inferred according to the second paragraph?AWet food with medicine is usually a treat to cats.BCats used to dry food must reject wet food.CThe easiest pilling is to press the pill into powder.DCats are probably interested in something new.【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句If your cat usually eats dry food, she will probably view the wet food as a treat and eat it up.可知猫有可能会对新的事情产生兴趣。【答案】D11Using a “pill gun”， you had better hold your cat if youre lefthanded.Afacing to the rightBwith your right handCat the headDon your lap firmly【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的Have your cat facing to the right if youre righthanded. With your left hand, hold your cat at the cheekbones, putting your palm at the top of her head.可知惯用右手的人用左手控制住猫，所以左撇子要用右手。【答案】B12A cat probably opens its mouth naturally when Aits nose is straight upwardsBit is touched by fingersCits head is turning aroundDit is served with its favorite pills【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Push your cats head backwards just far enough so that her nose is pointing towards the ceiling. At this point, most cats will slightly open their mouths.可知猫的鼻孔朝天的时候嘴会张开。【答案】ADResearchers in Hungary have confirmed something many dog owners have long suspected: that canines understand our feelings.Using a Magnetic Resonance Scanner, or MRI, scientists found that when it comes to emotions, dogs brains are similar to those of humans. Dogs are usually not relaxed in a lab environment, but with a little petting and lots of treats they can be trained to sit still even in an MRI scanner. Thats how researchers in Hungarys ELTE University were able to get images of their brains at work.Research fellow Attila Andics says it helped them better understand the dogs relationship with humans. “We have known for a long time that dogs and humans share similar social environment, but now our results show that dogs and humans also have similar brain mechanisms(大脑机制)to process social information，”said Andics.After training 11 dogs to stay motionless while their brains were scanned, the researchers checked their neurological(神经系统的)responses to about 200 emotionally significant sounds, from whining and crying to playful barking and laughing. They then compared the responses from human subjects. They found striking similarities. Andics says it opens new possibilities for research. “It establishes a foundation of a new branch of comparative neuroscience, because until now it was not possible to measure the brain activities of a nonprimate(非人灵长类动物)and the primate brain in a single experiment，” said Andics.And what that tells ordinary dog owners, the Hungarian scientists say, is to treat your canine companions as friends, not mere animals, because they evidently understand human feelings.【语篇解读】本文主要通过科学实验表明：狗是通人性的，和人们一样具有各种感情。狗的主人对狗友好反过来狗也会对主人友好。13Which of the following statements is TRUE?ADogs behaviors are the same as those of humans.BUsually dogs can sit still in a lab environment.CDog owners shouldnt treat dogs as their friends.DThe emotions of dogs are similar to those of humans.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的Using a Magnetic Resonance Scanner, or MRI, scientists found that when it comes to emotions, dogs brains are similar to those of humans.可知选D。【答案】D14What does the underlined word “canines” mean in the first paragraph?ADogs.BAnimals.CDog owners. Dresearchers.【解析】词义猜测题。根据该单词前提到的dog owners与下文都是提到的dogs判断选A。【答案】A15How do researchers get the dogs to sit still?ABy force.BBy injection.CBy comforting and treating.DBy ignoring.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段with a little petting and lots of treats they can be trained to sit still even in an MRI scanner可知是通过安抚和训练等让狗在实验室坐着不动的，故选C。【答案】C.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs. 16 ，buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit. 17 As always，you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day. 18 ，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 19 After two weeks，start timing yourself. 20 Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.AAfter six daysBFor a good marathon runnerCBefore you begin your trainingDWith each day，increase the distance by a half mileEIf they still feel good，you can begin running in themFTime spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingGNow you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time【答案】1620CEADG.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)We live in a fastpaced and anxietyfilled world that oftentimes seems to shift beneath our feet. Thus we are sometimes affected by fears or anxiety impacting our life. For as long as I could remember I had struggled with anxiety. After I left university, I made friends with a Moroccan woman at work. One day she invited me to 21 her and her family back home. I wanted to, but I would have to travel there 22 and I knew we would be in a very rural area. How would I cope with my 23 ？Then one day it 24 to me that I had a life to live. I could choose to let anxiety 25 me or I could go to Morocco and 26 something different. I was 23 years old and had never been out of the UK alone. The journey to Morocco 27 something inside me. I managed to cope with my anxiety. The sense of 28 was overwhelming and still to this day when I get afraid of going somewhere alone, I remember how 29 it felt when I arrived in Morocco.Upon arrival I was so 30 for the generous welcome I received. My friends family had arranged a welcome party. The people were so loving toward me. As a moment of 31 felt in a faraway village, this reminded me that I was “good enough”， which helped to 32 my anxiety.Waking up the next day, in the morning light, I saw the area where we were. I was 33 by how rural it wasand the realization that these people had very few 34 In the days afterwards, I traveled around Morocco. We went to Marrakesh and 35 the Atlas mountains. We had the most amazing foodlots of fresh fruits and vegetables.At the end of my 36 something inside me had changed. I realized I had not felt anxious for nearly two weeks.Experiencing a different culture far away from home helped me to realize what is important in life, what really 37 ， and with that my anxiety 38 .When I returned home I was much more active in 39 my anxiety. Working with people, helping them 40 their anxiety, is how I can share the love I found in Morocco.【语篇解读】本文的作者一直都很焦虑，对于生活有太多的担忧，不能乐观地面对一切。在一次去Morocco的旅行之中学会了通过分享爱来克服焦虑和担忧。告诉我们如果想克服人生中的困难，最重要的是心中有爱。21A.sendBconsultCcall Dvisit【解析】send派，送；consult咨询；call打电话，召集；visit参观，访问。根据下文“我”到Morocco可知本句是指有一天这个朋友邀请“我”去看望她。故选D项。【答案】D22A.alone BsoonCfree Dsafe【解析】alone独自；soon很快，迅速；free自由的；safe安全的。根据下文29空前I get afraid of going somewhere alone可知“我”不得不独自一个人去Morocco看望朋友。故选A项。【答案】A23A.work BcuriosityChomesickness Dworries【解析】work工作；curiosity好奇；homesickness想家；worry担忧。“我”不得不独自一人去那里。而且“我”知道那是一个很荒凉的农村地区，“我”怎么才能处理好自己的担忧呢？故选D项。【答案】D24A.appeared BhitCstruck Doccurred【解析】sth.occur to sb.某人突然想起某事；有一天“我”突然想起，“我”要过自己的生活。本句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that引导的主语从句。故选D项。【答案】D25A.impress BcontrolCreach Dpersuade【解析】impress留下深刻印象；control控制；reach到达；persuade说服。“我”可以选择让焦虑控制自己或者“我”去Morocco体验一下不一样的东西。故选B项。【答案】B26A.enjoy BexperienceCtake Dexperiment【解析】enjoy享受；experience体验；take拿走，花费；experiment实验(名词)。“我”可以选择让焦虑控制自己或者“我”去Morocco体验一下不一样的东西。故选B项。【答案】B27A.changed BmovedCsupported Dimpressed【解析】change改变；move移动，感动；support支持；impress给留下印象。本句是指去Morocco的这次旅行改变了“我”内心深处的一些东西。故选A项。【答案】A28A.achievement BfearCdisappointment Dembarrassment【解析】achievement成就；fear恐惧；disappointment失望；embarrassment尴尬。“我”成功地处理了自己内心深处的恐惧，这种成就感对“我”的震撼十分巨大，直到今天“我”仍然能够感觉到。故选A项。【答案】A29A.good BashamedCafraid Dproud【解析】good好的；ashamed害羞的；afraid害怕的；proud自豪的。“我”还记得当我到了Morocco的时候，“我”的感觉是多么棒！故选A项。【答案】A30A.sorry BconfusedCconfident Dthankful【解析】sorry难过的；confused困惑的；confident自信的；thankful感激的。固定搭配be thankful for.对感到感激；本句是指当“我”到达Morocco的时候，有很多人对“我”的到来表示热烈欢迎，对此“我”十分感激。故选D项。【答案】D31A.doubt BluckClove Dsurprise【解析】doubt怀疑；luck运气；love爱；surprise惊讶。有如此多的人来欢迎“我”，对“我”来说这是一个充满了爱的时刻。故选C项。【答案】C32A.improve BholdCprotect Dreduce【解析】improve提高，改善；hold拿住，握住；protect保护；reduce减少。人们对“我”的欢迎让“我”感觉很好，这有助于“我”减少自己的焦虑。故选D项。【答案】D33A.inspired BmovedCpleased Dshocked【解析】inspire鼓舞，鼓励；move感动；please使开心；shock使震惊。第二天早上当“我”醒来的时候，“我”看见了自己所在的地方，被这个地区的荒凉惊呆了。故选D项。【答案】D34A.lands BdifficultiesCresources Dfriends【解析】land土地；difficulty困难；resource资源；friend朋友。看到这个地方很荒凉，而且当地人可以利用的资源真的很 少。故选C项。【答案】C35A.discovered BexploredCexamined Drecognized【解析】discover发现；explore探索；examine检查；recognize认出；在接下来的几天里“我们”去了Marrakesh，还去探索了Atlas山脉，吃了很多新鲜的水果和蔬菜。故选B项。【答案】B36A.opportunity BrushCstay Dlife【解析】opportunity机会；rush匆忙；st