外研版英语八年级下册全册知识点教案.doc

外研版初中英语八下全册知识点解析外研版八年级下册英语知识点教案八年级下册Module1知识点教案1. take up 占据。既可以指时间上的占据，也可以指空间上的占据。eg. The job takes up all my time. This table takes up too much time. 注意：1)take off 脱下，起飞（区别：put on; wear） 2)take out 拿出，提款（区别：take out sth of sp take sth out of sp） Eg，Take out your hands of your pockets. How much do you need to take out (of your bank.) 3)take away 拿走2. a bit & a little 1) 两者都可以用作副词词组，用来修饰形容词，副词（原级或者是比较级）或动词。2) 做定语时，a little 后面可以直接接不可数名词；a bit of + u 3) Not a bit = not at all; not a little = very 注意：a little & little; a few & few 3. All the time 总是， 一直 注意：On time 准时，按时； in time 及时； at times 有时； from time to time 不时； kill time 消磨时间Keep time （一般指时钟）走得准； Some times 有时 some time 一段时间Sometimes 几次 sometime 将来的某一个时间4. interested surprised amazed bored tired excitedinteresting surprising amazing boring tiring exciting 注意：be interested in 对感兴趣5. play 后接乐器时，乐器前面加定冠词the；后面接球类名词时，名词前不加任何冠词。Play the piano play basketball6. 四看三使动词后面长接不带to的动词不定式。 四看：look at, make, watch, observe 三使：have, make, let 两听：hear, listen to 一感觉：feel 半动词：help 即可接带to的动词不定式也可接不带to的动词不定式 (help sb to do sth/ help sb do sth) 注意：see sb do sth 指看的全过程 See sb doing sth 指看的时候正在进行的一个动作 注意：四看三使动词用在被动中结构时，后面接待to的动词不定式。 Eg. Tom made Jane cry just now on the playground. Jane was made to cry by Tom juast now. 7. Give sb sth & give sth to sb 注意：类似give能接双宾语的动词还有：pass, lend, show. 8. There be 句型中动词be 与后面相邻的名词在数上保持一致。随后面名词单复数形式的变化而变化。 Eg. There is a little water in the bottle. There are some apples on the table. 注意：1）there be 表示某处有某物，表示存在。 2）have 表示所有，拥有。表示“有”时，可直接在后面加not 表示否定。 9. 现在进行时表示将来时，主要用于go, leave, come, start 等表示去向的短暂性动词。 Eg. I am leaving tomorrow. 10. 1) Such as 用于列举前面概述过的同类事物，后面不需要用“，”号隔开，所列举的事物在两个或两个以上。2) For example 用于列举说明，后面一般要用“，”隔开，所列举的事物一般只有一个，位置比较灵活，可位于句首，句中，句末。 Eg. We all like ball games, such as basketball and football. Jim has many friends here, for example, Liulei.11. Look after = take care of = care for Eg. He spent years (in) caring for his sick mother. 12. Make sb do sth 使、让某人做某事Make sb + adj 使某人.(处于某种状态)Make sb + n (表示职位，头衔等名词) Eg. My dogs death made her sad. We all made her our monitor. 13. Spend moneytime on sth Spend moneytime (in) doing sth It takes sb some time to do sth 表示某人花费多少时间做某事Sb + pay + money for sth Sth + cost + money 或者 sth + cost + sb +money Eg. This chair costs too much. This meal costs us $40. 14. As well as = besides 或in addition to 除了 Eg. As well as visiting Beijing, we spent a day in Tianjin. 注意：beside = next to 在.旁边15. Ask sb to do sth & let sb to do sth 让某人做某事16. Enjoy + doing； finish + doing； enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time Cant help, mind, + doing 17. It is + adj + to do sth It is + adj + of sb to do sth (此类形容词是可以修饰人的) It is + adj + for sb to do sth （此类形容词是不可以修饰人的）18. Remember to do sth forget to do sth Remember doing sth forget doing sth 19. Try to do sth = try ones best to do sth 尽力做某事 Try doing sth 尝试着做某事20. 形容词修饰something, anything, everything, somewhere, anywhere 等复合不定代词或不定副词时，须放在这些不定代词或不定副词的后面。 Something interesting； would you like something hot to drink? 21. Be good at 擅长. = do well in 注意：do better_?_ Be good for 对.有益，对.有用 Be good to 对.友好 = be friendly to 22. Come out 出版，刊出； 出现，显露，长出。23. Find out 找出，查明（真相），弄清（缘由），强调经过周折调查到最后得到的认证。Find 找到，发现（强调的是结果）Look for 寻找（强调的是过程）24. Dress +sb 给某人穿衣服Put on +衣服 指穿上（强调穿衣的动作）Wear 穿着 （指的是状态）；戴着（手套，手表，眼镜，首饰，戒指）；留着（长发，胡须）。(be) in 穿着 （指的是状态）；宾语可以是衣服，帽子，又可以是颜色。习题：【1】The sweater is very nice. I will take it. But you must _first. I think it is a little large for you. A. Pay for it B. Put on it C. Put it off D. Try it on 【2】It is nice of you to _so much time showing me around your school. A. Take B. Spend C. Cost D. Have 【3】Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby _. A. To stop crying B. Stop crying C. To stop to cry D. Stop to cry 【4】My sister can play _violin very well. A. The B. A C. 【5】These are your pants. Please take_. A. it away B. away it C. them away D. away them 【6】She is famous _her novels_a writer. A.for , as B. for , for C. as , for D.as, as 【7】They have never been to New York, _? A. have they B. havent they C. dont they D. didnt they 【8】Some of the boys enjoy_ basketball. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 【9】-Could you tell me _youve been here? -Since last year. A. how far B. how often C. how long D. how soon 【10】He doesnt have any money, _. A. either B. too C. also D. but 八年级下册Module2知识点教案1. Hold 1) 拿，举，拥有Eg, He holds much property in the town. 2) 举行Eg, they will hold a meeting to discuss this problem tomorrow. 3) 容纳Eg, the box can hold all my clothes. The room can hold 50students. Hold the line=hold on(不挂断电话)等一下 hold up 举起2. if 意为“是否；如果”，1）表示“是否”时引导宾语从句，其时态要根据主句而定； 2）表示“如果”时引导条件状语从句，如果主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。 Eg, he asked if you_ (want) to buy a book. Eg, I will visit you if I_ (have) time. 3. whether = if 意为“是否”，引导宾语从句。 Eg, Ask him whether he can come or not. 注意：1）用在Ask，Know，Wonder等动词之后引导一个宾语从句时，两者可以互换。2）whether& if的区别在于： a. 其后如果接or not 时，要用whether而不用 if。 b. 引导主语从句、表语从句时，要用whether而不用 if。Eg, what I want to know is whether I can have lunch at school. c.后接不定式时，要用whether而不用 if。 Eg, he wonders whether to come (or not). (他想知道是否该来) d. 引导的从句作介词宾语时，要用whether而不用 if。 Eg, I am thinking about whether I should agree with him. 3. sometime “某个时候”，可以指将来，也可以指过去。 Some time “一段时间”（time为时间，是不可数名词；但是time前有adj修饰时，time是可数名词，for a long time） Sometimes “有时” = at times/ from time to time. Some times “几次”（time意为次数，是可数名词。）4. right now立刻，马上= right away / at once / immediately 5. a couple of 几个，两个，后接可数名词的复数形式注意：1）a couple of 表示任何两件同类的东西，但不一定是成对使用的。 2）a pair of 表示成对的、缺一不可、不能分开的一对、一双。可以是鞋子，袜子，裤子，剪刀等。6. be different from 与不同； 其反义词：be the same as 与相同7. by the way顺便说，顺便问; in this way 用这种方法；this way, please. 这边走 On ones way to someplace 意为“在某人去某地的路上” 注意：to为介词，后面接名词；当表示地点的词为副词时，介词to要省略。 Eg, on my way home, my car broke down. 8. Here goesSally, welcome to China. 现在开始莎莉，欢迎来到中国。 这是一个倒装句，由Here / there引起的倒装句，当主语是代词时，句子不倒装。当主语是名词时，句子需要倒装。 Eg, here he comes. Here comes the car. 9. what does it feel like? 你感觉如何？用来询问对方对某件事的看法。有相同功能的句子还有：what do you think of.?how do you like? 注意：feel like + doing= want to do sth 10. 在复合句中，当主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词为think, believe, suppose(假定)时，其宾语从句如果表示否定意义，应当否定主句，即否定转移。Eg, I dont think you will win. 我认为你不会赢。11. lonely形容词，“孤独的，寂寞的”，表示一种心理感受，带有浓厚的感情色彩，可以作表语、定语。Alone形容词或副词，表示形式上的“单独一个，独自一人”，不含感情色彩，可作表语、状语。 Eg, the old man doesnt feel lonely though he lives alone. 注意：Alone是表语形容词，不能做定语的，像afraid，asleep一般以A开头的形容词都是表语形容词，只能做表语，不能做定语.12. 1) be afraid to do sth 意为“不敢做某事” Be afraid of sth 意为“害怕.”，表示担心，害怕发生某事Eg, I am not afraid the car but I am afraid the driver. Be afraid + that 从句表示“恐怕”引导词that可以省略。Eg, I am afraid I will be late. 13. worry+ that 担心 Worry about = Be worried about （worried是形容词）14. keep in touch with sb 意为“和某人保持联系”（表示一种状态） Get in touch with sb 意为“和取得联系”（表示一种动作）15. believe in sb 意为“信任某人”（一般指的是人格，人品） believe sb 意为“相信某人所说的话”16. far away 意为“遥远的”，在句中作状语或表语。 Far (away) from 意为“离很远”; 反义词：near to. Eg, This school is far away from here.Away from 意为“离有远” Eg, my house is five kilometers away from here. 17. As a result, no one knew who I was. 疑问词可以引导宾语从句，而且从句要用陈述语气。 Eg, do you know where he lives? 18. remember to do sth/ remember doing sth; forget to do sth/ forget doing sth 19. 1）would like 后面可以接名词或代词，would like没有人称和数的变化。构成一般疑问句在进行肯定回答时用yes, please; 否定回答用no, thanks 2）would like后接动词不定式时，构成的一般疑问句在进行肯定回答时用yes, Id like to; 否定回答用no, thanks注意：would是情态动词，构成疑问句时要把would提到句首；变成否定句时要在would后加not.Eg, I wouldnt like to copy homework. 20. a little& a bit 的区别：（见上次讲义）21. not.any more & no more 表示动作不再重复，次数不再增多，程度不再加深。 Eg, the boy doesnt cry any more.= the boy no more cries. notany longer& no longer 表示时间不再延续 Eg, he doesnt live there any longer. = he no longer lives there.22. spend, pay, cost, take（见上次讲义）23Come to an end 结束，终止24. people from all over the world make friends by writing letters. 世界各地的人们通过写信交朋友。By用法小结：1） 在旁边 by the river 2） 用，乘(名词前面不要冠词the) by car 3） 经过(旁边) by me.4） 靠，通过（某种手段）by reading books.5） 不迟于，在之前 by 5 oclock 25. join, join in, take part in 1) join 多指加入组织、团体、党派。 Eg. He joined the army in 1988. 2）join in 指参加某种游戏，活动，讨论。 Join sb in doing sth / join sb in sth 3）take part in 指参加（群众性活动，会议等），往往指参加者持积极态度，起一定作用。Eg, A great number of students _(take) in May 4 Movement. 26. 1）so that+句子 意为“为了”，引导目的状语从句，使用时可以用in order to “为了”进行转换。 Eg, his parents call him every day so that he wont miss them too much. 2）so that意为“如此以至于”,引导结果状语从句，当that后的从句是否定时，可以用tooto来替换。当that后的从句是肯定时，可以用“Adj/Adv+ enough to do”来转换。 Eg, he is so excited that he cant say any words. = he is too excited to say any words. I am so happy that I sing loudly.= Im happy enough to sing loudly. 27. enough 在句子中的位置?专项练习：1. the old man is ill and he doesnt feel like_. A to eat something B to eat anything C eating something D eating anything 2. Its rather cold in most of South China _in spring. A on time B at a time Cat times D all the time 3. “_, where are you from?” “Im from England.” A this way B on the way C in the way D by the way 4. My pencil-box _yours. Your pencil-box is too small. A be different from B is different from C are different from D is the same as 5. Money is important _it is not the most important thing. A and B but C or D so 6. please dont forget _the room while I am out. A clean B to clean C cleaned D cleaning 7. please tell me _. I have some good news for him. A where Robert lives B where does Robert live C where Robert lived 8. - how do you feel when you watch the national flag go up? - it makes me _very proud. A felt B to feel C feeling D feel 9. the boy walks to school _. A usual B as usual C as usually D usually 10. you _about your family. They are all well. A doesnt worry B arent worry C arent worried D dont worried 11. -excuse me, could you tell me _? -sorry, sir. I wasnt there at that time. A how did the accident happen B how the accident happened C how does the accident happen 12. he often practices English _chatting with her American friends. A in B by C for D with 13. -would you like to join us in the game? -_, but I have to help my mum do the housework. A I will B Id love to C Im afraid not D I wont 14. It _me fifteen minutes to go to school by bus every day. A takes B spends C pays D costs 15. “do you know _now?” “in peoples hotel.” A where is Tom working B where Tom is working C where Tom worked D where did Tom work16. I feel _tired and I cant go farther. A a little of B a bit C a bit of D bit of 17. -would you like some more soup? -_. It is delicious, but Ive had enough. A yes, please B no, thanks C nothing more D Id like some 18. when the accident happened, he cried for help _nobody came. A so B or C but D if 19. -have you heard of Liu Qian from Taiwan?-Sure! His magic performance is _amazing for people _forget. A so; that B such; that C too; to D neither; nor 20. the little boys mother was out. He stayed at home _, but he didnt feel _. A alone; lone B lonely; alone C alone; lonely D lonely; lonely 21. -Granny, you look so weak. Whats wrong with you? - terrible. The factory made _noise. It was _noisy that I couldnt sleep well last night. A too much; so B much too; so C too much; too D many; much22. -have you heard the song “yesterday once more”? -yes, I have. It _very sweet. A tastes B sounds C looks D smells 23. It took _two hours _her homework yesterday. A she; to finish B her; finishing C her; finish D her; to finish 24. -I dont know _to go swimming or not. -youd better ask Mrs Li. A if B / C that D whether 25. I dont think _he will come. A that B which C whose D what 26. It made me _lonely when I am alone. A to feel B feeling C feel D felt 27. Please tell me where _now. A he lived B does he live C he lives D did he live 中考真题：1. he wants to know _the English party. A when will we have B when we will have C when would we have D when we would have2. I really want to know _. A what is wrong with her B how will he go to Beijing tomorrow C if had he bought that car D where did he go yesterday 3. life in the countryside is quite _that in modern cities. A the same B different from C full of D 【1】How _ I was at that time! A. surprised B. surprise C. surprising D. surprises【2】They are talking about something_ the phone. A. in B. on C. at D. for 【3】- When _ the teacher _ back from Beijing? - Next Sunday afternoon. A. will, come B. dose, come C. did, come D. will, coming【4】You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next month. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not【5】- Could I see your dictionary? - _. Here you are. A. Yes, you could. B. Sure.C. Sorry. D. It doesnt matter【6】What _ at nine oclock last Sunday morning.?A. was you doing B. were you doing C. are they doing D. does we do【7】The teacher told him _ again. A. not late B. no be late for C. to be not late D. not to be late【8】He _ better in English if he works harder. A. do B. does C. will do D. is doing【9】Henry went to the beach last weekend, and _ . A. so was I B. so I did C. so I was D. so did I【10】If you eat _ sugar, you will get fat. A. much too B. too much C. too many D. more【11】You dont like the picture. I dont like it, _. A. too B. also C. either D. still八年级下册Module3知识点教案1. win & beat 获胜 win后面接比赛项目或奖品。Beat 后接比赛对手。2. everybody 是不定代词，同everyone，强调整体意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 注意：everybody 和everyone用于否定句中表示部分否定。 Everyone doesnt like here = not everybody likes here. 并不是每个人都喜欢这里。 注意：everyone 后面不能接of； every one 后面可以接of. Every one of us will go to Shanghai. 3. mention 提及 dont mention it. 意为：“不客气”，用于回复别人凡人感谢。另外还有Thats all right.和Youre welcome也表示“不客气” 4. prepare sb sth/ prepare sth for sb 为准备. Prepare oneself for sth为做准备5. hate to do sth 表示一种具体的动作，一般指一次性的动作。 Hate doing sth 表示一种习惯，经常反复的动作。类似的用还有：love/like 6. look out for & look out 而这都表示“留意，注意，小心，提防，关心”的意思。 Look out 可以独立使用，意为“注意，小心”；当后面接具体sth时，就须用for连接。Eg, look out for hackers who might try to break your system. 7. need的用法总结： 1) need 做实义动词，need to do sth需要做某事; 否定形式：dont/ doesnt/didnt need to do sth；疑问句时借助助动词do, does, did. 有时态和人称数的变化。（needs, needed） Eg, she needs to finish her homework on time. Eg, I need to run fast so that I can catch up with her. 2) need做情态动词，need do sth需要做某事; 否定形式：neednt do sth ; 疑问句时把need提到句首。没有时态和人称数的变化。(不管何种人称都用need) 3) need + doing 是主动形式，但表示被动意义。= need to be +动词过去分词。主语通常是物。 Eg, the farm tool needs repairing. = the farm tool needs to be repaired. 8. keep doing sth 一直不断地做某事。Eg, dont keep boring me. Keep + sb/ sth + adj 让某人某物处于某种状态。 Keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事= stop sb from doing sth Keep on doing sth 继续不断地做某事, 有时可以与keep doing sth互换。Eg, the prices keep on increasing. 9. 顺口溜：常见的接V-ing 作宾语的动词还有： 完成 练习 值得 忙 （finish，practice，be worth，be busy） 继续 习惯 别放弃 （keep on, be used to，give up） 考虑 建议 不禁 想（consider，suggest，cant help, feel like） 喜欢 思念 要介意（enjoy，miss, mind）10. in the end= at last，finally 意为“最后” At the end of 意为“在的尽头” By the end of 意为“到为止”11. 1）agree with sb 同意某人，同意某人的看法或观点 2）Agree to 对表示同意，主要用于表示一方提出的建议，安排，计划等，另一方同意协作。Eg, we agreed to their arrangement. 我们同意了他们的安排。 3）Agree on 愿意，答应，认同。指双方经过商定后达成一致。 Eg, we agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。 4）agree to do sth 同意做某事12. 提建议的句型, 用于征求别人的建议：Lets do sth; shall we +do; why not + do; what/ how about +doing 13. look(at), watch, see, read 1) look(at) 仅表示看这个动作。 2）watch 指仔细观看，常用于看电视、球赛。 3）see 指看望某人，看电影、看医生。 4）read 指看书、看报。14. 顺口溜：常见的接动词不定式作宾语的动词： 要想（want）拒绝（refuse）忘记（forget），需要（need）努力（try）学习（learn），喜欢（like）同意（agree）帮助（help），希望（hope/wish）决定（decide）开始（begin/start）。15. me too 用在肯定句后，表达自己的情形和对方的一样。me neither用在否定句后。16. we decide what to listen toand who to see. 本句是一个简单句，句中what to listen to和who to see.是“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作decide的宾语。 Eg, I dont know how to spell the word. 17. explain sth to sb； 而不能说成explain sb sth 18. 1）voice 一般指人说话、唱歌的声音。 2）sound 指一些普通的声音、大自然的声音。 3）noise 常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。常用结构make a noise(制造噪音)19. listener 听众，收听者类似的词还有：Reportreporter managemanager runrunner playplayer singsinger winwinner act-actor visitvisitor collectcollector inventinventor operateoperator conductconductor20. weekly adj：每周的； n：周刊以ly