福建省福州市高考英语 信息匹配类 阅读理解自练（12）.doc

福州市2015高考英语信息匹配类、阅读理解四月自练（12）答案阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 a study has showed that the brain makes decisions about 10 seconds before a person realizes it. experts involved in the study said that looking at brain activity while making a decision,they could predict the choices the subjects would make, before they realized that they had made a decision. lead researcher john-dylan haynes, a neuroscientist (神经学家)at the max planck institute for human cognitive and brain sciences in leipzig, said that the new findings called into questions for “consciousness”of decisions that people make, and might even challenge ideas as to how“free”people are to make a decision at a particular moment.“we think our decisions are conscious, but these data show that consciousness is just the tip of the iceberg,”nature magazine quoted (引用) him as saying. thinking the results“quite dramatic”, frank tong of vanderbilt university in nashville, tennessee, said that 10 seconds is“a lifetime”in terms of brain activity. during the study, the brains of 14 volunteers were imaged as they performed a decision-making task. the subjects had two buttons before them, each to be operated by a different hand, which they could press when they felt the urge to. they were simultaneously (同时地)shown a stream of letters, which appeared on a screen at half-second intervals (间隔). the volunteers had to remember which letter was showing when they decided to press their button.upon analysis of the data, the researchers realized that the earliest signal they could catch started seven seconds before the volunteers reported having made their decision. given the delay of a few seconds in the imaging, they reckoned (估计) that the brain activity could have begun about ten seconds before the conscious decision. the researchers showed that the signals were picked up from a region (区域)called the frontopolar cortex (脑额极皮层),which is located at the front of the brain, immediately behind the forehead.while writing about the observations made during the research in his study report, haynes said that the frontopolar cortex might be the brain region where decisions are started. he also showed that the next step in the research would be to speed up the data analysis so as to enable his team to predict peoples choices as their brains would make them. 1. the passage tells us that _.a. we are aware of our whole process of decision-makingb. people dont make decisions until they realize itc. experts have no way to tell what decision one will maked. the decision-making process starts before it is made2. the underlined word “subjects”in para. 2 probably refers to _.a. the topic of the experts research paperb. the scientific subjects that the experts were studyingc. the things that experts dont know clearlyd. the volunteers that the experts worked on for their research3. the underlined sentence“consciousness is just the tip of the iceberg”in para. 4 means that _.a. our decision-making is consciousb. the data contains a lot of information besides consciousnessc. consciousness is the major part of the datad. 10 seconds is“a lifetime”in terms of brain activity4. the final purpose of the research _.a. is not stated clearly in the passage b. is not acknowledged by expertsc. is to show where decision-making starts d. is to analyze the data picked up5. the passage implies that _.a. the research has been completedb. the research was conducted by two expertsc. the decision-making process lasts only about 10 secondsd. we may predict what decisions people will make in the future 【参考答案】14、ddba 阅读理解.。tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. he stopped by the fence in front of the house where he lived with his aunt polly. he looked at it, and all joy left him. the fence was long and high. he put the brush into the whitewash and moved it along the top of the fence. he repeated the operation. he felt he could not continue and sat down.he knew that his friends would arrive soon with all kinds of interesting plans for the day. they would walk past him and laugh. they would make jokes about his having to work on a beautiful summer saturday. the thought burned him like fire.he put his hand into his pockets and took out all that he owned. perhaps he could find some way to pay someone to do the whitewashing for him. but there was nothing of value in his pockets nothing that could buy even half an hour of freedom. so he put the bits of toys back into his pockets and gave up the ideaat this dark and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him. it filled his mind with a great, bright light. calmly he picked up the brush and started again to whitewash.while tom was working, ben rogers appeared. ben was eating an apple as he walked along the street. as he walked along, he was making noises like the sound of a riverboat. first he shouted loudly, like a boat captain. then he said “ding-dong-dong”, “ding-dong-dong” again and again, like the bell of a riverboat. and he made other strange noises. when he came close to tom, he stopped.tom went on whitewashing. he did not look at ben. ben stared a moment and then said: “hello! im going swimming, but you cant go, can you?”no answer. tom moved his brush carefully along the fence and looked at the result with the eye of an artist. ben came nearer. toms mouth watered for the apple, but he kept on working. ben said, “hello, old fellow, youve got to work, hey?”tom turned suddenly and said, “why, its you, ben! i wasnt noticing.”“say im going swimming. dont you wish you could? but of course youd rather work wouldnt you? of course you would.”tom looked at the boy a bit, and said “what do you call work?”“why, isnt that work?”tom went back to his whitewashing, and answered carelessly.“well, maybe it is, and maybe it isnt. all i know is, it suits tom sawyer.”“oh come, now, you dont mean to say that you like it?” the brush continued to move.“like it? well, i dont see why i shouldnt like it. does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day?”ben stopped eating his apple. tom moved his brush back and forth, stepped back to look at the result, added a touch here and there, and stepped back again. ben watched every move and got more and more interested. soon he said,“say, tom, let me whitewash a little.”tom thought for a moment, was about to agree; but he changed his mind.“no no it wont do, ben. you see, aunt polly wants this fence to be perfect. it has got to be done very carefully. i dont think there is one boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can do it well enough.”“no is that so? oh come, now let me just try. only just a little.” “ben, id like to, but if it isnt done right, im afraid aunt polly ”“oh, ill be careful. now let me try. say ill give you the core of my apple.”“well, here no, ben, now dont. im afraid ”“ill give you all of it.”tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but joy in his heart. and while ben worked at the fence in the hot sun, tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help. there were enough boys. each one came to laugh, but remained to whitewash. by the time ben was tired, tom sold the next chance to billy for a kite; and when billy was tired, johnny bought in for a dead rat and so on, hour after hour. and when the middle of the afternoon came, tom had won many treasures.and he had not worked. he had had a nice idle time all the time, with plenty of company and the fence had been whitewashed three times. if he hadnt run out of whitewash, tom would have owned everything belonging to his friends.he had discovered a great law of human action, namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get. 1. how many characters are mentioned in this story? a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 72. why did tom take all his bits of toys out of his pockets?a. because he is tired and wanted to play with his toys.b. because he wanted to throw his toys away.c. because he wanted to give his toys to his friends. d. because he wanted to know if he could buy help with his toys.3. tom was about to agree to let ben whitewash when he changed his mind because _.a. tom wanted to do the whitewashing by himselfb. tom planned to make ben give up his apple firstc. tom was unwilling to let ben do the whitewashingd. tom was afraid ben would do the whitewashing better.4. we can learn from the passage that _.a. tom was interested in whitewashing the fence.b. tom had a lot of friends who are ready to help others.c. tom was unwilling to whitewash the fence, but he managed to let other boys do it for himd. tom was good at whitewashing the fence, so he looked at the result of his work with the eye of an artist.5. what made ben rogers eagerly gave up his apple and offer to brush the fence for tom? a. his warm heart and kindness to friends.b. his curiosity about toms brushing job. c. toms threat.d. aunt pollys idea6. which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage?a. the happy whitewasher b. tom and his fellows c. whitewashing a fenced. how to make the things difficult to get【参考答案】16、bdbcba【浙江省金丽衢十二校2014高考英语第二次联考】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a,b,c和d)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。 下面文章中有5处（第61一65题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（a,b、c、d、e和f)中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。 a. study your industry. b. avoid common mistakes. c. dont overwork yourself. d. get to know your boss better. e. improve your communication skills. f. always come to the table with a solution. with a new year approaching, many people have an out with the old and in with the newmentality一and work is usually a big part of that. if youre feeling that way, here are several tipsthat can help you become better at your job in 2014.61。 one of the most common mistakes made by both managers and ,employees today, is that toooften, both are afraid to come to the table and talk about essential issues. taylor says,“fear ofconflict is so overwhelming（无法抵抗的），but if you communicate bravely, more frequently, andhonestly in 2014, and youre not afraid to work through conflict, youll likely reduce your stressand be a better worker.”too much time is spent reflecting on misunderstood employeecommunications, which, if left unaddressed, eventually leads to conflict. 62 your boss controls your destiny（命运）so its in your best interest to get to know thembetter both personally and professionally,”says andy teach, author of from graduation tocorporation: the practical guide to climbing the corporate ladder one rung at a time.“itdoesnt mean you need to be friends with them or hang out with them, but you do need to learnwhat makes them tick. the more you communicate with your boss, the better it is for you”63 share ideas with context and a clear path for implementation（执行）for the leader toevaluatethe more you present any issues with recommended solutions and then implement thosesolutions in a timely and effective manner, the more the leadership team will rely on you andthink about you for future projects and new responsibilities,”meador says64 if youre already an overachiever, have been called a“workaholic”，or are generallyexhausted，then you need to slow down and break the habit of setting. impossible goals for yourself in the new year. you may have to readjust and expect, say 75of your workload to be achieved in a set period in order to feel fulfilled. if youre a manager, this approach may take some of unnecessary pressure off staff, too65 your industry is changing all the time and you need to keep up with whats happeningnow,”teach says. most industries have trade magazines or websites that have the latest news inthat industry. its important to read these so that you are well informed and can discuss recentindustry events and changes with your co-workers, supervisors，and managementinformation ispower.【参考答案】6165、edfca【北京市东城区2014模拟】（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。the ipon generationtoday it is common to see people who walk about with colored wires hanging from their ears wherever they gothey move about in their personal bubbles, sometimes unaware of whats happening around them71 outside life is shut outso are you one of them?for me; walking around in my own personal bubble is perfect 72 whats even better, wearing earphones seems to give a signal to people which says; im not available for chatting at the moment jsuppose, youre at work and about to make an incredible breakthrough? but a colleague s