河北省唐山市丰润区高考英语阅读理解好信息匹配暑假自练（2）.doc

河北省唐山市丰润区2016高考英语阅读理解好信息匹配暑假自练（2）阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳答案。 many people think a telephone is essential. but i think it is a pest and a time waster. very often you find it impossible to escape from some idle or curious chatter-box, or from somebody who wants something for nothing. if you have a telephone in your own house, you will admit that it tends to ring when you are asleep, or in the middle of a meal or a conversation, or when you are just going out, or when you are taking your bath. are you strong minded enough to ignore it, to say to yourself,“ah, well, it will all be the same in a hundred years time” you are not. you think there may be some important news or messages for you. i can assure you that if a message is really important it will reach you sooner or later. have you never rushed dripping from the bath, or chewing from the table, or dazed from the bed, only to be told that you are a wrong number? but you will say, you need not have your name printed in the telephone directory, and you can have a telephone which is only usable for outgoing calls. besides, you will say, isnt it important to have a telephone in case of emergencyillness, an accident, or fire? of course, you are right, but here in a thickly populated country like england one is seldom far from a telephone in case of dreadful necessity. i think perhaps i had better try to justify myself by trying to prove that what i like is good. i admit that in different circumstancesif i were a tycoon(business vip),for instance, or bed ridden i might find a telephone essential. but then if i were a taxi-driver i should find a car essential. let me put it another way: there are two things for which the english seem to show particular talent; one is mechanical invention, the other is literature. my own business happens to be with the use of words but i see i must now stop using them. for i have just been handed a slip of paper to say that somebody is waiting to speak to me on the telephone. i think i had better answer it. after all, one never knows, it may be something important.1.the passage is mainly discussing _.a. that we should be strong enough to ignore a phone callb. that important message will reach you sooner or laterc. whether its necessary to answer all phone callsd. whether it is necessary to have a telephone提示:通读全文，尤其是文章的第一段和最后一段可以得出此结论。答案:d2.judging from the passage, who is strong-minded enough to ignore a phone call?a. the author. b.a tycoon.c.a taxi-driver. d. hardly anyone.答案:d 大意理解，文章的第二段第三段可以看出3.according to the passage, the author_.a. thinks the telephone should go out of our lifeb. likes to be different from other peoplec. thinks the telephone is annoyingd. speaks favourably of a telephone提示:文章的第二句就说明了作者的观点，后面又作了进一步的补充说明。答案:c4.in the authors opinion, which of the following is not true?a. nearly everyone has been told a wrong number.b. its necessary for everyone to have a telephone.c. he himself can not decide whether to answer a call.d.a telephone directory may bring in unexpected calls.提示:从文章的第二段得出答案。答案:b阅读理解。according to sociologists(社会学家), every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(阶层)class, power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society.class means a persons economic position in society.a commonly used classification is lower class, middle class and upper class.while sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the united states quite well.one study shows that 53% of americans belong to the lower class, 46% the middle class, and 1% the upper class.interestingly, a surgeon earning $ 500，000 a year and a bus driver earning $ 50，000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.obviously, people in positions of great power(such as governors) exercise(行使) big power, but people who take orders from others have less power.power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.for example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a corresponding(相应的) economic class.generally, however, there is a relationship between power and class. to our knowledge, there arent too many people who arent millionaires in the us.senate!status is the honor or respect attached to a persons position in society.it can also be affected by power and class, but not necessarily so.for example, a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.54what can we learn about “the middle class” from paragraph 2?apeople earning $50，000 a year belong to the middle class.bnearly half americans belong to the middle class.cpeople generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.dsociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.55according to the text, we know that _apower and class do not always correspond with each otherbstatus refers to a persons economic position in societycpeople with high status have a lot of control over othersdclass is less important in deciding a persons social rank56which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?a b.c d.【要点综述】 本文说明了一个社会现象：每个现代工业社会都有其社会阶层。阶级权力和社会地位是判断一个人的社会阶层的重要标准。54b推理判断题。由第二段倒数第二句中的“46% the middle class”一句可知在美国，有差不多一半的人属于中产阶级，选b。55a细节理解题。由第三段中的“power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.”可知，权力和阶级并不总是保持一致。选a。56a篇章结构题。本文第一段是主题段，“class, power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society.”是本文的主题句，后三段分别从这三个方面来论述，故本篇文章是总分的结构。选a。【浙江省2014高考英语模拟冲刺卷】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。top four ways to build a wonderful life1. live below your meansthere will always be temptation to give up the future for immediate pleasure. we all want to buy that new piece of technology, treat ourselves to an expensive night on the town, or take out a loan for the flashy car we cant afford. it might feel great at the time but unwise spending hurts a lot later on. enjoy lifes simple pleasures and save as much as you can. expensive things dont create lasting happiness and security. careful spending will bring you greater leisure and enjoyment in the long run.2. put your money to worksaving is great, but to make the most of your money you need to put it to work. good investments can be the difference between retiring in your 40s or in your 60s. a post today at the simple dollar really got me thinking. according to trents estimates, if a person in their early 20s invests 20% of their income in an s&p index fund, the interest they earn will equal their current salary when they reach their early 40s. they could retire without a drop in income! wise investing is the surest path to financial independence and its something everyone can work on. its definitely an area ill be devoting more attention to in my personal life.3. educate yourselfto be happy we need continuous growth. the best way to grow is life-long education. this doesnt mean you need to pursue a doctorate or spend 2 hours reading every day. self-education can be anything that takes you out of your comfort zone. the important part is keeping an open mind and searching for fresh ideas and perspectives. education builds over time. it might feel like the bits of wisdom you acquire dont mean much, but over the years they add up to form a wiser, kinder, more interesting person. 4. develop lasting personal relationshipssuppose you had everything you wanted. would you be happy without anyone to share it with? the personal relationships we develop with friends and family members are the greatest source of happiness in our lives. dont forget about them. taking the time to cultivate and enjoy personal relationships is essential to long-term happiness. without the people you care about youll probably be miserable, no matter how successful you become.46.according to the passage, in order to achieve financial independence after retirement, wed better _.a. get along well with our family and friendsb. bring ourselves leisure as well as enjoymentc. invest our money wisely when we are youngd. learn some new skills and try to find a new job47.from the passage we can infer that some people try to _.a. gain happiness by buying themselves expensive things b. save everything they can to help those in needc. devote more attention to their personal lifed. take out a loan to promote technology48.the author of the passage may agree that the key to self-education is _.a. gaining as many degrees as possibleb. being open to new ideas and viewsc. only focusing on very big eventsd. creating long-term happiness49.the above passage is written in order to _.a. explain what true happiness is aboutb. offer ways to achieve a happy and successful lifec. introduce different definitions about happiness d. persuade readers to find out the meaning of life46.c 根据文章第二段trent的估计内容，以及后面两个句子的内容可以知道。 47.a 根据文章的第一段倒数第二句话（昂贵的物品并不能带来持久的幸福和安全）可知。48.b 根据文章第三段the important part is keeping an open mind and searching for fresh ideas and perspectives可知。 49.b 本题考查对文章写作意图的把握，文章的四个段落都是用来向读者介绍一些创造美好生活的技巧和方法的，所以应该选b。阅读理解。in the united states, there were some well-constructed houses for native indians, ranging from the simple brush shelter to the five-storied pueblo.in the eastern united states, one of the existing types was that commonly know under the algonkian name of wigwam in which the iroquois indians lived. the wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends, made by bending young trees to form the round shape. over this shape pieces of tree bark were laid to protect the indians from bad weather. over the bark dried grass was added. a small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top. doorways at each end served also as windows, the iroquois indians built trunk walls all around their villages. the wall had only one opening, they could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near.interestingly, the choctaw indians in mississippi also lived in a wigwam of a most primitive(原始的) construction, but different from those of the iroquois indians. the choctaw indians wigwams, made from mud, cane and straw, were in the form of a bee-hive. the covering was made of a long, tough grass. a post in the centre supported the roof. a hole in the top admitted the light, and allowed the smoke to pass out.the tipi tent-housing of the upper lake and plains area was put up with poles set lightly in the ground, tied together near the top, and covered with bark and grass in the lake country. it was easily portable, and two women could set it up or take it down within an hour.the pawnee, mandan and other indian tribes (部落) along the missouri built solid ring-shaped structures of trunk, covered with earth and dried grass, housing a dozen families.the wichita and other tribes of the texas border built large ring-shaped houses covered with dried grass. ks*5u.capart from the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing.( ) 1.which of the following pictures shows the house for the iroquois indians？( ) 2. according to the passage, the pawnee indians built their houses _.a. with openings in the trunk walls b. large enough for several families c. in a ring shape with bark and mud d. by bending young trees to form the shape( ) 3. all the native indian houses described in the passage were_. ks*5u.ca. of the same shape b. covered with grass c. built with a post in the centre d. built with doorways at each end ( ) 4. the passage suggests that _a. all the native indians built trunk walls all around their houses b. all the native indian houses were built with poles tied togetherc. the iroquois indians took safety into account while building their wigwams d. the choctaw indians in mississippi built their wigwams with straight sides and ends【语篇解读】本篇文章为记叙文。主要讲述了美国的土著居民印第安人的房屋结构和建房特点，展示了美国当地人的居住文化。1.答案a。【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“the wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends”可知，选项a符合题意。2.答案b。【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“the pawnee, mandan and other indian tribes housing a dozen families”可知，应选b项。3.答案b。【解析】细节理解题。文章中出现的grass是indian tribes建造房屋所必不可少的东西。由此可知，印第安人的屋子都用草盖着。由此可知b项正确4.答案c。ks*5u.c【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“they could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near”可以推断出the iroquois indians建造房屋的时候把自身的安全考虑在内了。因此可推断出c项【2014陕西省商南县高级中学高三上二模】共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）a. the engine in your body.b. the location, size and heartbeat of a heart.c. what happens when the heart beats?d. how does your heart work?e. how do we know about the heart?f. what can a doctor tell by feeling your pulse?根据短文内容，从下框的af选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。61._ your heart is located in your chest, a little to your left. this heart of yours, which is about the size of your two fists held together, beats about 90 times a minute. a grown persons heart beats about 60 to 80 times a minute. the heartbeat is not just the same in all persons, and it is not the same in any one person at all times.62._ when your heart beats, it is pumping blood to all parts of your body. if you could examine your heart closely, you would see that it is really two pumps placed side by side, and working at the same time. each pump has two parts, the upper part called the auricle (心房), and the lower part called the ventricle (心室). the auricles receive the blood as it comes into them after it has been pumped through the body. the ventricles pump the blood out. the right one pumps the blood to the lungs and the left one pumps the blood to all other parts of the body. at the top and bottom openings of each ventricle are valves (阀门) which make the blood go in only one direction.63._ your heart is sometimes called the engine or the motor in your body and sometimes called the pump. it works