仁爱版九上U4T2词汇短语句子语法和作文.docx

U4T2 I am excited about the things that will be discovered in the future. 一.重点单词：excited 兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的excitement（n）激动，令人激动的事describe描述，形容（v.）-description（n.）描述an alien一个外星人 an astronaut一名宇航员admire（动）钦佩，羡慕 admiration（名）钦佩，羡慕dance（v）-dancer跳舞者，舞蹈演员realize（v）意识到，领会，实现-realization （n）意识Roman罗马人，罗马的god上帝，神goddess女神 goodness善良，美德weigh（v）-weight（n）重量in general=generally speaking总的来说launch=send up发射limit（v）限制-limitation（n）限制 中考链接：词汇题：and ,receive , satellite , weather , change ,help, or , early , for, when, forecast , starSatellites Forecast the WeatherNow satellites are helping to forecast (预报) the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The 1._ take pictures of the atmosphere (大气), because this is where the weather forms (形成). They send these pictures to the 2. _ station. So the scientists there can see the weather of any part of the world and tell how the weather will change. Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries can 3. _ satellite pictures. 4. _they receive the new pictures, they compare (比较) them with the earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have 5. _ during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather 6. _, they can tell people about it. So the weather satellites are of a great 7. _ to the scientists at the station. In the past they could forecast the weather for about 24 or 48 hours 8. _. Now they can make good forecasts for three 9 _ five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather 10. _ a week or more ahead. 二. 重点短语live in/live on。居住在。in the future 在将来 one day 将来的某一天=some day I _ I could fly one day A.wish B.hope C.think D.believebe able to do sth 能够做某事( )4.If we get up early, we _ go to school on time.A.are able toB.will be able toC.is able toD.have been able toOn the earth=on earth 在地球上 on earth究竟，到底Cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事In oreder to+动词原形 为了。=so that +句子take part in 参加（会议或群众性活动活动） join in参加(小规模的活动如球赛、游戏) join sb或参军、入团、入党 realize/reach ones dream实现某人的梦想( )5.Study hard, then our dream will be _.A.realizeB.realizingC.realizedD.to realize10.prefer. to.比起。更喜欢。11.Find 找到，发现，常用于找到啦丢失的东西或偶尔发现某物； discover用来表示首次发现已经存在的事物。 Invent用于表示发明新的世界上本不存在的东西。 The great inventor Edison _ over 1,000 _ in his life. A. Find out;invention B.invented;inventions C.Found;invention D.discovered;inventions12.Name 动词命名，给。取名。Be named after以。命名13.英语中倍数的表达方法：倍数+as+形容词或副词原级+as 如：Her room is three times as big as mine. 3._ you study hard,you can make great progress. A.As soon as B.As short as C.as long as D.as far as 13.Weigh动词重，有多重；名词重量，分量14.Tell意思告诉；辨别15.In the night sky 在夜晚的天空中16.On the surface of 在。的表面17.Be close to 离，近的18.between.and.在。和。之间19.Each other 彼此20.should=ought to+动词原形21.Be called 被叫做22.Launch=send up发射23.Another+数字+复数名词=数字+more+复数名词。意思是另外的。24.beyond 介词超出；除。之外25.There be的现在完成时结构为there has/have been 如There has been a lot of rain lately.最近下了很多场雨。26.However与but都含有转折的意思，但用法有区别，首先but表示非常明显的 对比。转折意味比however强。However常用逗号与其他部分分开，but不是27.send sb a message 送某人一个信息28.not .until. 不到。不。/直到。才。I _ go to bed _ my father came back.A. wont, untilB. will, untilC. didnt, untilD. did, until三.句子1. A wonderful movie will be shown tonight. 2. I think we will live in space one day. 3. Id like to be an astronaut when I grow up. 4. Mars is the fourth planet from the sun in our solar system and is named after Mars, the Roman god of war. 5. The gravity on the surface of Mars is about two-fifths as strong as it is on earth. 6. It takes a spaceship about eight months to reach Mars from the earth when the two planets are closest to each other.7. We will be able to do anything that can be done on the earth. 8. I think you should first master some basic computer skills.9. Lets work hard. Then our dreams will be realized. Then our dreams will come true. 2. 语法（1）一般将来时的被动语态will be done / be going to be done Eg. A spaceship will be sent out to find aliens in outer space. A letter will be put on the spaceship to introduce our earth. More aliens will be found with the help of our new friends. Their lives are going to be enriched. High costs for repairs will be avoided. High costs for repairs are going to be avoided.(2)定语从句 attributive clauses在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句在主句中作定语，用来修饰、限定正在谈论的人或事物。先行词和引导词 被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词； 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which。 关系副词有：when, where, why。 注意：关系副词里面没有how。 students who go to this schoolsports which are dangerouspeople(who/that)I knowsomething (that) you can easily change没有定语从句，我们就不知道所谈的何人或何物。复合句（Complex Sentence）由一个主句（Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。 主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是主句的一个句子成分，不能独立存在。 从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词（connective）引导。关系代词：who 在从句中主要作主语、宾语、表语。 He is the man who wants to see you. He who laughs last laughs best. The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. 关系代词：whom在从句中作宾语 He is the man （whom） I saw in the park yesterday. 关系代词：whose只能用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换 whose 用来指人或物 They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose cover is green. （of which the cover/the cover of which） Hang is the boy whose mother is our maths teacher. 关系代词：which which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。 They needed a plant which didnt need as much water as rice. The farm (which) we visited yesterday is located in the suburb of Beijing. 关系代词：which（2） 当在which和that面前进行选择的情况下，一般情况下要选which： 1.在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词，而不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。 2. 修饰整个主句。 I never met Julia again after that, which was a pity. 3. 修饰谓语部分。 He can swim in the river, which I cannot. 4. 介词 + which They are all questions to which there are no answers. 关系代词：that（1） that多用来指物，有时也可以用来指人；在从句中作主语或宾语。指物的时候多用that，也可用which。 Its a question that (which) needs careful consideration. （指物，作主语。） Who is the man that is reading a magazine under the tree? （指人，作主语。） The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Toms sister. （指人，作宾语，可省略。） 关系代词：that（2） 在以下的情况中，只能用that作引导词，而不能用which作引导词。 1. 先行词为all , everything, anything, nothing, little等不定代词时。 All (that) she lacked was training. 2. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 3. 先行词被序数词和the last修饰时 4. 先行词中既有人又有物时 They talked about the teachers and the schools that they had visited. 5. 主句是含有who或which的特殊疑问句，为了避免重复时. 定语从句练习1. Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 3. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 7. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts. A. how you have observed B. what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 9. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which 10. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 12. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very angry. A. which B. it C. that D. what 13. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 14. The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing 15. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn 参考答案： 15 AADBA 610 ABCCA 1115 AADAD一般将来时的被动语态练习：1. These films _ until tomorrow morning. A. cant develop B. arent developing C. wont be developed D. wont develop 2. Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes. A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose 3. A party is going to _ tonight. Would you like to go with me? Id like to, but I have to look after my sick mother. A. organize B. have been organized C. be organizing D. be organized 4. The water will be further polluted unless some measures _. A. will be taken B. are taken C. were taken D. had been taken 5. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, the sports meet _ in the playground of our school. A. is holding B. will hold C. will be held D. is to be holding 6. The problem _ in the coming meeting. A. is discussed B. is discussing C. is being discussed D. will be discussed 7. The mistakes in the exercises will _ the teacher. A.cross B.be crossing C.be crossed by D.cross by 8. If city noises _ from increasing,people _ shout to be heard even at dinner. A.are not kept；will have to B. are not kept；have C.do not keep；will have to D. do not keep；have to 9. The sports meeting _ . A.is put off B.is to put off C.is to be put off D.puts off 10. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed 11. The work _ soon. A. will be finished B. has been finished C. will finish D. finishes 12. I _ if I finish the work withellon one day. A. shall be praised B. would praise C. will praise D. praise II. 主动句变被动句： 1. We shall discuss the question at the next meeting. 2. I shall give you the book tomorrow. 3. The chairman will ask us to attend the meeting. 4. He will soon decide when we shall have the meeting. 5. If the weather permits, we will complete the works on time. 6. If you give me more time, Ill work out the problem. 参考答案： I. 单选： 1-5 C B D B C 6- 10 D C A C D 11-12 A A II. 主动句变被动句： 1. The question will be discussed at the next meeting. 2. You will be given the book tomorrow. / The book will be given to you tomorrow. 3. We shall be asked to attend the meeing (