关系代名词-1.doc

何謂關係代名詞、形容詞子句1.關係代名詞具有連接詞及代名詞的功能2.先行詞是被形容詞子句修飾的名詞，放在子句前3.形容詞子句是由關係代名詞所引導的子句,具形容詞性質，用以修飾先行詞，又稱關係子句先行詞+關係子句( 關係代名詞+ . )1.三明治式句型( 關係子句在主要子句中 )：先行詞( 主要子句主詞 )+關係子句( 關係代名詞+ ) + be/V. ( 主要子句動詞 ) + ex: The man who came yesterday was happy.2.彗星式句型( 關係子句在主要子句後 )：主要子句主詞+ be/V. ( 主要子句動詞 ) +先行詞( 主要子句受詞 )+關係子句( 關係代名詞+ )ex:Here is a magazine which develops your mind.關係代名詞種類 ( 主格/ 受格/ 所有格) 註：x 代表可省略，受格通常可省略。 關 代 格先行詞主 格 受 格所 有 格人 who/that whom /that/ who / xwhose物. which/that which/that / xwhose(of which)人+物 that that / xwhose關係代名詞的格決定於：1. 先行詞 + 主格關係代名詞 + be/V. + 重點說明：主格後面的be/V.的單複數決定於先行詞 ex: The girls whothatare dancing will leave here tomorrow.2. 先行詞 +受格關係代名詞 + 主詞 + be/V.+介係詞 重點說明1：受格關係代名詞原本位置在be/V.或介係詞之後，但因關係代名詞必須放在 關係子句最前面，因此受格關係代名詞才被移到前面。 ex: The girl whomthat/ who / xyou talked to is my sister. 重點說明2：介係詞可移到受格關係代名詞之前 先行詞 +介係詞+受格關係代名詞 + 主詞 + be/V.受格關代不可省略或用that代替 ex:The girl to whom you talk is my sister.3. 先行詞 +所有格關係代名詞 + 名詞 + be/V. + 重點說明：所有格關係代名詞 + 名詞是關係子句的主詞 務必了解句意，判斷清楚 ex: The cat whose color is black is very cute.注意事項： 1.關係代名詞當受格用可省略，餘不可省略 2.受格關係代名詞whom可用who或that代替 ex: The girl whom you talk to is my sister. = The girl who you talk to is my sister. = The girl that you talk to is my sister. = The girl you talk to is my sister. = The girl to whom you talk is my sister. 關係代名詞that的特殊用法(一定要用that)1.先行詞前面是最高級形容詞時 ex: He is the tallest boy that I have ever seen.2.先行詞是人+物 ex: I saw Mary and her dog that were running in the park. 3.先行詞前面有序數 ex: Cathy is the first girl that came yesterday. 4.先行詞前面有all ; no ; every ; any ; the only ; the same ; the very ex: He is the only student that can answer the question. ex: All the girls that can answer the question can get candies. 5.疑問句以Who ; Which ; What為首的問句( 避免重複 ) ex: Who is the girl that has long hair? 關係代名詞that的特殊用法(一定不能用that) 1.介系詞之後 ex: Do you know the man to whom John spoke yesterday? 2.逗點之後 ex: I like the house, which is big and new. 3.不能代替所有格關係代名詞的限定用法（關係代名詞與先行詞之間無逗點） 不只一個 ex: I have a brother who lives in Taipei.不只一個哥哥 關係代名詞的補述用法【非限定】（關係代名詞與先行詞之間有逗點）表唯一 ex: I have a brother, who lives in Taipei.只有一個哥哥 關係副詞where ; what的用法 1. where表地方,=in which ex: This is the house where John lives. = This is the house in which John lives. = This is the house which John lives in. = This is the house John lives in. 2. what為不須先行詞之複合關係代名詞 =the thing(s) which ex: I believe what you said. = I believe the thing(s) which you said.ex: She bought what she needed last night. =She bought the things which she needed last night. 關係代名詞-關係副詞補充 關係副詞=先行詞+關係代名詞（有先行詞的是形容詞子句，無先行詞的是名詞子句） what = the thing(s) + which ; where = the place in which ; when = the time when ;why = the reason why ; how = the way ex: What is expensive is not always good. ex: This is where he lives.ex: This is the place where he was born. ex: I dont know when the game will start. = I dont know the time when the game will start. ex: This is why he cant come. = This is the reason why he cant come. ex: Tell me how they won the game. = Tell me the way they won the game. (how與the way不能同時出現) 關係代名詞-分詞片語補充 先行詞+介系詞或 V-ing 或 p.p. j介系詞 + in穿；戴 / with有 ex: The girl who has long hair is Mikes girlfriend. = The boy with long hair is Mikes girlfriend.形容詞片語分為三種： kV-ing + 主動 ex: The boy who is writing in the room likes listening to music. = The boy writing in the room likes listening to music. lp.p. + 被動 ex: The name which is written on the seat is not clear enough. = The name written on the seat is not clear enough.1. ex: The man who came yesterday was happy.He has a son _ name is Tom.他有一個名叫湯姆的兒子。（先行詞：人，所有格用法）2. The book _ cover is red is fifty dollars. 這本紅色封面的書，要價五十元。（先行詞：物，所有格用法）3. She is the girl _ I met yesterday.她就是我昨天遇見的女孩。（先行詞：人，受格用法）4. This is the house_ I bought last year. 這棟就是我去年買的房子。（先行詞：物，受格）5. The watch _ I bought yesterday is good. 我昨天買的這只手錶很好。（先行詞：物，受格）6. This is the book _ I have read. 這本就是我所讀過的書。（先行詞：物，受格）7. He showed me the watch _ he bought yesterday. 他把他昨天所買的手錶，秀給我看。（先行詞：物，受格）8. I found the wallet _ he lost last week. 我發現他上星期弄丟的皮夾。（先行詞：物，受格）9. The car _ he bought costs a million. 他買的車價值一百萬。（先行詞：物，受格）10. This is the book _ I bought yesterday. 這本就是我昨天所買的書。（先行詞：物，受格）11. This is the reason _ I was angry.這就是為什麼我會生氣的原因。12. I went to the place _ I could find him.我去過這個我可以找到他的地方。l （自我練習）13. Amy買的巧克力很好吃(good to eat)。_14. 台北市立動物園是我週末最喜歡去的地方。_15. 他太太選的襯衫太大了。_16. 他煎的牛排很美味。_17. 我以前種的植物現在看來很不錯。_18. 這就是傑克數年前買下的房子。_19. 新加坡是我最喜歡到訪的城市。_20.我們要做的事就是用功讀書。All _ we have to do _ _ hard.21.這是我五年前住的地方。This is the place _ _ I lived five years ago. = This is the place _ I lived five years ago.22.那是他昨天住的飯店。That is the hotel _ he stayed yesterday. = That is the hotel _ _ he stayed yesterday.23.Hebe說的話是真的。The words _ Hebe said is true. = _ Hebe said is true.24.這就是他不喜歡寫作業的原因。This is the reason _ he doesnt like doing homework.25.請告訴我通過考試的方法。Please tell me _ I can pass the exam.l 下列答案代號填入空格中，有單選、複選AwhoBwhichCthatDwhoseEwhomFxGto thatHto whomIJin whichKwhereLwhatMof which1.This is the house in _ we are living now.2.Here is the novel _ he likes to read.3.I found the book _ you want to read.4.John is the only _ she likes.5.Leo is the last man _ the boss wants to see.6.My father, _ I havent seen for a long time, will come back to see us.7.His cousin _ he hasnt seen for many years will move here.8.All _ I need is money.9.Who is the boy _ everyone loves?10.Did you see the man and his cat _ the police are looking for?11.The boy _ called Ben is my brother.12.The boy _ i